31 found
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  1.  48
    Three Kinds of Decision-Making Capacity for Refusing Medical Interventions.Mark Christopher Navin, Abram L. Brummett & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (11):73-83.
    According to a standard account of patient decision-making capacity, patients can provide ethically valid consent or refusal only if they are able to understand and appreciate their medical c...
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  2.  51
    Capacity for Preferences: Respecting Patients with Compromised Decision‐Making.Jason Adam Wasserman & Mark Christopher Navin - 2018 - Hastings Center Report 48 (3):31-39.
    When a patient lacks decision-making capacity, then according to standard clinical ethics practice in the United States, the health care team should seek guidance from a surrogate decision-maker, either previously selected by the patient or appointed by the courts. If there are no surrogates willing or able to exercise substituted judgment, then the team is to choose interventions that promote a patient’s best interests. We argue that, even when there is input from a surrogate, patient preferences should be an additional (...)
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  3.  65
    When Respecting Autonomy Is Harmful: A Clinically Useful Approach to the Nocebo Effect.Daniel Londyn Menkes, Jason Adam Wasserman & John T. Fortunato - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (6):36-42.
    Nocebo effects occur when an adverse effect on the patient arises from the patient's own negative expectations. In accordance with informed consent, providers often disclose information that results in unintended adverse outcomes for the patient. While this may adhere to the principle of autonomy, it violates the doctrine of “primum non nocere,” given that side-effect disclosure may cause those side effects. In this article we build off previous work, particularly by Wells and Kaptchuk and by Cohen :3–11.[Taylor & Francis Online], (...)
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  4.  55
    Reasons to Amplify the Role of Parental Permission in Pediatric Treatment.Mark Christopher Navin & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (11):6-14.
    Two new documents from the Committee on Bioethics of the American Academy of Pediatrics expand the terrain for parental decision making, suggesting that pediatricians may override only those parental requests that cross a harm threshold. These new documents introduce a broader set of considerations in favor of parental authority in pediatric care than previous AAP documents have embraced. While we find this to be a positive move, we argue that the 2016 AAP positions actually understate the importance of informed and (...)
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  5.  48
    Capacity for Preferences and Pediatric Assent: Implications for Pediatric Practice.Mark Christopher Navin & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2019 - Hastings Center Report 49 (1):43-51.
    Children’s preferences about medical treatment—like the preferences of other patients—hold moral weight in decision-making that is independent of considerations of autonomy or best interests. In light of this understanding of the moral value of patient preferences, the American Academy of Pediatrics could strengthen the ethical foundation for its formal guidance on pediatric assent.
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  6.  13
    Clinical Ethics Fellowship Programs in the U.S. and Canada: A Descriptive Study of Program Characteristics and Practices.Ellen Fox & Jason Adam Wasserman - forthcoming - American Journal of Bioethics:1-16.
    To address the current lack of knowledge about clinical ethics fellowship programs (CEFPs), we surveyed all 36 programs in the U.S. and Canada. The number of CEFPs has grown exponentially over the last 40 years and far exceeds previous estimates. Commonalities among CEFPs include: 88.8% require an advanced degree or rarely accept applicants without one; 91.7% of programs do not restrict applicants to a specific background such as medicine or philosophy; and 88.9% of programs compensate fellows. CEFPs vary widely on (...)
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  7.  52
    The capacity to designate a surrogate is distinct from decisional capacity: normative and empirical considerations.Mark Navin, Jason Adam Wasserman, Devan Stahl & Tom Tomlinson - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (3):189-192.
    The capacity to designate a surrogate (CDS) is not simply another kind of medical decision-making capacity (DMC). A patient with DMC can express a preference, understand information relevant to that choice, appreciate the significance of that information for their clinical condition, and reason about their choice in light of their goals and values. In contrast, a patient can possess the CDS even if they cannot appreciate their condition or reason about the relative risks and benefits of their options. Patients who (...)
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  8.  27
    When Do Pediatricians Call the Ethics Consultation Service? Impact of Clinical Experience and Formal Ethics Training.Mark C. Navin, Jason Adam Wasserman, Susanna Jain, Katie R. Baughman & Naomi T. Laventhal - 2020 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 11 (2):83-90.
    Background: Previous research shows that pediatricians inconsistently utilize the ethics consultation service (ECS). Methods: Pediatricians in two suburban, Midwestern academic hospitals were asked to reflect on their ethics training and utilization of ECS via an anonymous, electronic survey distributed in 2017 and 2018, and analyzed in 2018. Participants reported their clinical experience, exposure to formal and informal ethics training, use of formal and informal ethics consultations, and potential barriers to formal consultation. Results: Less experienced pediatricians were more likely to utilize (...)
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  9.  22
    It’s Worth What You Can Sell It for: A Survey of Employment and Compensation Models for Clinical Ethicists.Jason Adam Wasserman, Abram Brummett & Mark Christopher Navin - 2024 - HEC Forum 36 (3):405-420.
    This article reports results of a survey about employment and compensation models for clinical ethics consultants working in the United States and discusses the relevance of these results for the professionalization of clinical ethics. This project uses self-reported data from healthcare ethics consultants to estimate compensation across different employment models. The average full-time annualized salary of respondents with a clinical doctorate is $188,310.08 (SD=$88,556.67), $146,134.85 (SD=$55,485.63) for those with a non-clinical doctorate, and $113,625.00 (SD=$35,872.96) for those with a masters as (...)
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  10.  10
    Coverage Error and Generalizability: Concerns about the “Views in Bioethics Survey”.Ellen Fox & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (9):63-66.
    Coverage error is an important type of error that occurs in survey studies when there is a mismatch between the target population and the sampling frame from which a sample is drawn. Coverage error...
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  11.  60
    Experimental evidence showing that physician guidance promotes perceptions of physician empathy.Daniel Russell Hans, Priyanka Dubé & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2016 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 7 (3):135-139.
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  12.  40
    Harm and Parental Permission: A Response to Our Critics.Mark Christopher Navin & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (11):W1-W4.
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  13.  59
    The Irrelevance of Origins: Dementia, Advance Directives, and the Capacity for Preferences.Jason Adam Wasserman & Mark Christopher Navin - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (8):98-100.
    We agree with Emily Walsh (2020) that the current preferences of patients with dementia should sometimes supersede those patients’ advance directives. We also agree that consensus clinical ethics guidance does a poor job of explaining the moral value of such patients’ preferences. Furthermore, Walsh correctly notes that clinicians are often averse to treating patients with dementia over their objections, and that this aversion reflects clinical wisdom that can inform revisions to clinical ethics guidance. But Walsh’s account of the moral value (...)
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  14.  12
    Moral Reasoning among HEC Members: An Empirical Evaluation of the Relationship of Theory and Practice in Clinical Ethics Consultation.Ernest F. Krug, Cassandra Claxton, Shannon Lindsey Stevenson & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2015 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 26 (2):108-117.
    In light of the ongoing development and implementation of core competencies in bioethics, it is important to proceed with a clear sense of how bioethics knowledge is utilized in the functioning of hospital ethics committees (HECs). Without such an understanding, we risk building a costly edifice on a foundation that is ambiguous at best. This article examines the empirical relationship between traditional paradigms of bioethics theory and actual decision making by HEC members using survey data from HEC members. The assumption (...)
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  15.  34
    On Art and Science: An Epistemic Framework for Integrating Social Science and Clinical Medicine.Jason Adam Wasserman - 2014 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 39 (3):279-303.
    Calls for incorporating social science into patient care typically have accounted for neither the logistic constraints of medical training nor the methodological fallacies of utilizing aggregate “social facts” in clinical practice. By elucidating the different epistemic approaches of artistic and scientific practices, this paper illustrates an integrative artistic pedagogy that allows clinical practitioners to generate social scientific insights from actual patient encounters. Although there is no shortage of calls to bring social science into medicine, the more fundamental processes of thinking (...)
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  16.  17
    Prudence, Preferences, and Power: The (Ir)Relevance of Decision-Making Capacity in Medical Decision Making.Mark Christopher Navin & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (8):93-95.
    Volume 24, Issue 8, August 2024, Page 93-95.
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  17. Problematics of Grounded Theory: Innovations for Developing an Increasingly Rigorous Qualitative Method.Jason Adam Wasserman, Jeffrey Michael Clair & Kenneth L. Wilson - 2009 - Qualitative Research 9 (3):355-381.
    Our purpose in this article is to identify and suggest resolution for two core problematics of grounded theory. First, while grounded theory provides transparency to one part of the conceptualization process, where codes emerge directly from the data, it provides no such systematic or transparent way for gaining insight into the conceptual relationships between discovered codes. Producing a grounded theory depends not only on the definition of conceptual pieces, but the delineation of a relationship between at least two of those (...)
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  18. Reasons to Accept Vaccine Refusers in Primary Care.Mark Christopher Navin, Jason Adam Wasserman & Douglas Opel - 2020 - Pediatrics 146 (6):e20201801.
    Vaccine refusal forces us to confront tensions between many values, including scientific expertise, parental rights, children’s best interests, social responsibility, public trust, and community health. Recent outbreaks of vaccine-preventable and emerging infectious diseases have amplified these issues. The prospect of a coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine signals even more friction on the horizon. In this contentious sociopolitical landscape, it is therefore more important than ever for clinicians to identify ethically justified responses to vaccine refusal.
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  19.  23
    Limits on Parental Discretion in Medical Decision-Making: pediatric intervention principles converge.Mark Christopher Navin, Jason Adam Wasserman, Douglas S. Diekema & Thaddeus M. Pope - 2024 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 67 (2):277-289.
    Pediatric intervention principles help clinicians and health-care institutions determine appropriate responses when parents’ medical decisions place children at risk. Several intervention principles have been proposed and defended in the pediatric ethics literature. These principles may appear to provide conflicting guidance, but much of that conflict is superficial. First, seemingly different pediatric intervention principles sometimes converge on the same guidance. Second, these principles often aim to solve different problems in pediatrics or to operate in different background conditions. The potential for convergence (...)
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  20.  27
    Resistance, Medicine, and Moral Courage: Lessons on Bioethics from Jewish Physicians during the Holocaust.Jason Adam Wasserman & Herbert Yoskowitz - 2019 - Conatus 4 (2):359.
    There is a perpetrator historiography of the Holocaust and a Jewish historiography of the Holocaust. The former has received the lion’s share of attention in bioethics, particularly in the form of warnings about medicine’s potential for complicity in human atrocity. However, stories of Jewish physicians during the Holocaust are instructive for positive bioethics, one that moves beyond warnings about what not to do. In exercising both explicit and introspective forms of resistance, the heroic work of Jewish physicians in the ghettos (...)
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  21.  10
    The Impact of a Study Trip to Auschwitz: Place-based Learning for Bioethics Education and Professional Identity Formation.Maxwell Li, Ramona Stamatin, Hedy S. Wald & Jason Adam Wasserman - forthcoming - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics:1-11.
    There are increasing calls for coverage of medicine during the Holocaust in medical school curricula. This article describes outcomes from a Holocaust and medicine educational program featuring a study trip to Poland, which focused on physician complicity during the Holocaust, as well as moral courage in health professionals who demonstrated various forms of resistance in the ghettos and concentration camps. The trip included tours of key sites in Krakow, Oswiecim, and the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camps, as well as meeting with survivors, (...)
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  22.  44
    Conscientious Objection to Aggressive Interventions for Patients in a Vegetative State.Jason Adam Wasserman, Abram L. Brummett, Mark Christopher Navin & Daniel Londyn Menkes - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics:1-12.
    Some physicians refuse to perform life-sustaining interventions, such as tracheostomy, on patients who are very likely to remain permanently unconscious. To explain their refusal, these clinicians often invoke the language of “futility”, but this can be inaccurate and can mask problematic forms of clinical power. This paper explores whether such refusals should instead be framed as conscientious objections. We contend that the refusal to provide interventions for patients very likely to remain permanently unconscious meets widely recognized ethical standards for the (...)
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  23.  22
    Nonmaleficence, Nondisclosure, and Nocebo: Response to Open Peer Commentaries.John T. Fortunato, Jason Adam Wasserman & Daniel Londyn Menkes - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (7):4-5.
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  24.  27
    Capacities to Refuse Treatment: A Reply.Mark Christopher Navin, Abram Brummett & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (3):15-19.
    The three of us work as academics and clinical ethicists. In our clinical ethics work, we often encounter patients who lack decision-making capacity, but who nonetheless have strong preferences abo...
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  25.  6
    Clinical Ethics Fellowship Programs in the United States and Canada: Program Directors’ Opinions About Accreditation and Funding.Ellen Fox & Jason Adam Wasserman - 2025 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 16 (1):1-9.
    To succeed, an accreditation process for clinical ethics fellowship programs (CEFPs) would need support from CEFP directors. To assess CEFP directors’ opinions, we surveyed all 36 CEFP directors in the United States and Canada, achieving a 100% response rate. We found that support for accreditation is strong, with 30.6% strongly supportive, 44.4% supportive, 22.2% neutral, 2.8% opposed, and 0% strongly opposed. Most directors (77.8%) would be likely to apply for accreditation within the next five years regardless of the availability of (...)
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  26.  5
    Pediatric Assent in Clinical Practice: A Critical Scoping Review.Jason Adam Wasserman, Amelia N. Najor, Natalie Liogas, Stephanie M. Swanberg, Abram Brummett, Naomi T. Laventhal & Mark Christopher Navin - 2024 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 15 (4):336-346.
    Background This study assesses how pediatric assent is conceptualized and justified within the therapeutic context. Pediatric ethicists generally agree that children should participate in medical care decisions in developmentally appropriate ways. Much attention has been paid to pediatric assent for research participation, but ambiguities persist in how assent is conceptualized and operationalized in the therapeutic context where countervailing considerations such as the child’s best interest and parental permission must also be weighed.Methods Searches were conducted in 11 databases including PubMed, Embase, (...)
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  27.  37
    Practising what we preach: clinical ethicists’ professional perspectives and personal use of advance directives.Jason Adam Wasserman, Mark Christopher Navin, Victoria Drzyzga & Tyler S. Gibb - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (2):144-149.
    The field of clinical bioethics strongly advocates for the use of advance directives to promote patient autonomy, particularly at the end of life. This paper reports a study of clinical bioethicists’ perceptions of the professional consensus about advance directives, as well as their personal advance care planning practices. We find that clinical bioethicists are often sceptical about the value of advance directives, and their personal choices about advance directives often deviate from what clinical ethicists acknowledge to be their profession’s recommendations. (...)
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  28.  31
    Placebo Analgesia as Nocebo Reduction.John T. Fortunato, Jason Adam Wasserman & Daniel Londyn Menkes - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 9 (3):198-199.
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  29.  18
    Deception, Pain, and Placebo: Applying the Brummett‐Salter Deception Framework.Jason Adam Wasserman - 2023 - Hastings Center Report 53 (1):30-32.
    In this commentary, I explore the usefulness of the framework Abram Brummett and Erica K. Salter present in their article “Mapping the Moral Terrain of Clinical Deception.” Deception cases are divisive because they nearly always evoke the metadilemma of clinical ethics: a clash between duties (in these cases, truth telling) and consequences (whatever good might come of the lie). Here, I describe a patient case in which the clinical team considered deceiving a patient about his pain‐medicine dosage in exchange for (...)
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  30.  41
    Making Sense of Everett’s Arrival: A Commentary on the Power of Birth Narratives.Jason Adam Wasserman & Rendy Nicole Wasserman - 2017 - Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 7 (3):225-230.
    The birth of our daughter nearly 5 years ago went very well. But in a new city, with some experience on our side and access to a homelike natural birth center connected to a major area hospital, we thought it would be all the better when our son was born. We hadn’t dreamed that the detection of a benign arrhythmia in the baby’s heart would cascade into a situation that would not only undermine our entire birth plan, but force unwanted (...)
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  31.  9
    Response to Stephens and Heitman.Jason Adam Wasserman - 2015 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 26 (3):270-272.
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