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  1.  74
    A Research Ethics Framework for the Clinical Translation of Healthcare Machine Learning.Melissa D. McCradden, James A. Anderson, Elizabeth A. Stephenson, Erik Drysdale, Lauren Erdman, Anna Goldenberg & Randi Zlotnik Shaul - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (5):8-22.
    The application of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies in healthcare have immense potential to improve the care of patients. While there are some emerging practices surro...
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  2.  33
    Distinctive features, categorical perception, and probability learning: Some applications of a neural model.James A. Anderson, Jack W. Silverstein, Stephen A. Ritz & Randall S. Jones - 1977 - Psychological Review 84 (5):413-451.
  3. Moderate autonomism.James C. Anderson & Jeffrey T. Dean - 1998 - British Journal of Aesthetics 38 (2):150-166.
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  4.  35
    A theory for the recognition of items from short memorized lists.James A. Anderson - 1973 - Psychological Review 80 (6):417-438.
  5. The mirror test.Gordon G. Gallup Jr, James R. Anderson & Daniel J. Shillito - 2002 - In Marc Bekoff, Colin Allen & Gordon M. Burghardt (eds.), The Cognitive Animal: Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives on Animal Cognition. MIT Press.
     
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  6. The Lord of Noncontradiction: An Argument for God from Logic.James N. Anderson & Greg Welty - 2011 - Philosophia Christi 13 (2):321 - 338.
    In this paper we offer a new argument for the existence of God. We contend that the laws of logic are metaphysically dependent on the existence of God, understood as a necessarily existent, personal, spiritual being; thus anyone who grants that there are laws of logic should also accept that there is a God. We argue that if our most natural intuitions about them are correct, and if they are to play the role in our intellectual activities that we take (...)
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  7.  51
    Paradox in Christian Theology: An Analysis of Its Presence, Character, and Epistemic Status.James Anderson - 2007 - Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock.
    Does traditional Christianity involve paradoxical doctrines, that is, doctrines that present the appearance (at least) of logical inconsistency? If so, what is the nature of these paradoxes and why do they arise? What is the relationship between "paradox" and "mystery" in theological theorizing? And what are the implications for the rationality, or otherwise, of orthodox Christian beliefs? In Paradox in Christian Theology, James Anderson argues that the doctrines of the Trinity and the incarnation, as derived from Scripture and formulated in (...)
  8.  76
    Self-recognition.James R. Anderson, Gordon G. Gallup & Steven M. Platek - 2011 - In Shaun Gallagher (ed.), The Oxford handbook of the self. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    This article focuses on mirror self-recognition, the ability to recognize one's own image in a mirror. It presents the result of the first experiment on mirror self-recognition which showed that chimpanzees are able to learn that the chimps they see in the mirror are not other chimps, but themselves, as evidenced by self-directed behaviour. It reviews evidence for neural network for self-recognition and self-other differentiation and cites evidence that frontal cortex and cortical midline structures are implicated in self-recognition tasks. It (...)
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  9. The research subject as wage earner.James A. Anderson & Charles Weijer - 2002 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 23 (4-5):359-376.
    The practice of paying research subjects for participating inclinical trials has yet to receive an adequate moral analysis.Dickert and Grady argue for a wage payment model in whichresearch subjects are paid an hourly wage based on that ofunskilled laborers. If we accept this approach, what follows?Norms for just working conditions emerge from workplacelegislation and political theory. All workers, includingpaid research subjects under Dickert and Grady''s analysis,have a right to at least minimum wage, a standard work week,extra pay for overtime hours, (...)
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  10. The Ethics and Science of Placebo-Controlled Trials: Assay Sensitivity and the Duhem–Quine Thesis.James Anderson - 2006 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 31 (1):65 – 81.
    The principle of clinical equipoise requires that, aside from certain exceptional cases, second generation treatments ought to be tested against standard therapy. In violation of this principle, placebo-controlled trials (PCTs) continue to be used extensively in the development and licensure of second-generation treatments. This practice is typically justified by appeal to methodological arguments that purport to demonstrate that active-controlled trials (ACTs) are methodologically flawed. Foremost among these arguments is the so called assay sensitivity argument. In this paper, I take a (...)
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  11.  71
    On the rationality of positive mysterianism.James N. Anderson - 2018 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 83 (3):291-307.
    In Paradox in Christian Theology I argued that the Christian doctrines of the Trinity and the Incarnation are paradoxical—that is, they appear to involve implicit contradictions—yet Christians can still be rational in affirming and believing those doctrines. Dale Tuggy has characterized my theory of theological paradox as a form of “positive mysterianism” and argues that the theory “faces steep epistemic problems, and is at best a temporarily reasonable but ultimately unsustainable stance.” After summarizing my proposed model for the rational affirmation (...)
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  12. Extending Clinical Equipoise to Phase 1 Trials Involving Patients: Unresolved Problems.James A. Anderson & Jonathan Kimmelman - 2010 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 20 (1):75-98.
    Notwithstanding requirements for scientific/social value and risk/benefit proportionality in major research ethics policies, there are no widely accepted standards for these judgments in Phase 1 trials. This paper examines whether the principle of clinical equipoise can be used as a standard for assessing the ratio of risk to direct-benefit presented by drugs administered in one category of Phase 1 study—first-in-human trials involving patients. On the basis of the supporting evidence for, and architecture of, Phase 1 studies, the articles offers two (...)
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  13. What cognitive science tells us about ethics and the teaching of ethics.James Anderson - 1997 - Journal of Business Ethics 16 (3):279-291.
    A relatively new and exciting area of collaboration has begun between philosophy of mind and ethics. This paper attempts to explore aspects of this collaboration and how they bear upon traditional ethics. It is the author's contention that much of Western moral philosophy has been guided by largely unrecognized assumptions regarding reason, knowledge and conceptualization, and that when examined against empirical research in cognitive science, these assumptions turn out to be false -- or at the very least, unrealistic for creatures (...)
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  14. Covariance, invariance, and equivalence: A viewpoint.James L. Anderson - 1971 - General Relativity and Gravitation 2:161--72.
     
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  15.  26
    The Ethics Wars Disputes over International Research.Charles Weijer & James A. Anderson - 2001 - Hastings Center Report 31 (3):18-20.
    The effort to revise the Declaration of Helsinki and the CIOMS Guidelines has sparked a sometimes vitriolic debate centering on the use of placebo controls.
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  16.  44
    Species Equality and the Foundations of Moral Theory.James C. Anderson - 1993 - Environmental Values 2 (4):347 - 365.
    The paper discusses various concepts of 'species equality' and 'species superiority' and the assumptions concerning intrinsic value on which they depend. I investigate what philosophers from the traditional deontological (Taylor and Lombardi) and utilitarian (Singer and Attfield) perspectives have meant by their claims for species equality. I attempt to provide a framework of intrinsic values that justifies one sense in which members of a species can be said to be superior to members of another species.
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  17.  23
    The Gift in Precision Medicine: Unwrapping the Significance of Reciprocity and Generosity.Melissa McCradden, James Anderson, Dylan Shaul & Randi Zlotnik Shaul - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (4):78-80.
    Gifts have served as a fundamental aspect of the human experience across time, even as their precise roles and functions have shifted. In the past, bioethicists and others have drawn upon anthropol...
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  18.  61
    Familiar ethical issues amplified: how members of research ethics committees describe ethical distinctions between disaster and non-disaster research.Catherine M. Tansey, James Anderson, Renaud F. Boulanger, Lisa Eckenwiler, John Pringle, Lisa Schwartz & Matthew Hunt - 2017 - BMC Medical Ethics 18 (1):44.
    The conduct of research in settings affected by disasters such as hurricanes, floods and earthquakes is challenging, particularly when infrastructures and resources were already limited pre-disaster. However, since post-disaster research is essential to the improvement of the humanitarian response, it is important that adequate research ethics oversight be available. We aim to answer the following questions: 1) what do research ethics committee members who have reviewed research protocols to be conducted following disasters in low- and middle-income countries perceive as the (...)
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  19.  25
    Capuchin monkeys judge third-party reciprocity.James R. Anderson, Ayaka Takimoto, Hika Kuroshima & Kazuo Fujita - 2013 - Cognition 127 (1):140-146.
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  20.  98
    Contextualizing clinical research: The epistemological role of clinical equipoise.James A. Anderson - 2009 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 30 (4):269-288.
    Since its introduction in 1987, Benjamin Freedman’s principle of clinical equipoise has enjoyed widespread uptake in bioethics discourse. Recent years, however, have witnessed a growing consensus that the principle is fundamentally flawed. One of the most vocal critics has undoubtedly been Franklin Miller. In a 2008 paper, Steven Joffe and Miller build on this critical work, offering a new conception of clinical research ethics based on science, taking what they call a “scientific orientation” toward the ethics of clinical research. Though (...)
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  21.  73
    Are Phase 1 Trials Therapeutic? Risk, Ethics, and Division of Labor.James A. Anderson & Jonathan Kimmelman - 2012 - Bioethics 28 (3):138-146.
    Despite their crucial role in the translation of pre-clinical research into new clinical applications, phase 1 trials involving patients continue to prompt ethical debate. At the heart of the controversy is the question of whether risks of administering experimental drugs are therapeutically justified. We suggest that prior attempts to address this question have been muddled, in part because it cannot be answered adequately without first attending to the way labor is divided in managing risk in clinical trials. In what follows, (...)
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  22.  36
    Accountability in the Machine Learning Pipeline: The Critical Role of Research Ethics Oversight.Melissa D. McCradden, James A. Anderson & Randi Zlotnik Shaul - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (11):40-42.
    Char and colleagues provide a useful conceptual framework for the proactive identification of ethical issues arising throughout the lifecycle of machine learning applications in healthcare. Th...
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  23.  28
    A Critical Appraisal of Protections for Aboriginal Communities in Biomedical Research.Charles Weijer & James A. Anderson - unknown
    As scientists target communities for research into the etiology, especially the genetic determinants of common diseases, there have been calls for the protection of communities. This paper identifies the distinct characteristics of aboriginal communities and their implications for research in these communities. It also contends that the framework in the Belmont Report is inadequate in this context and suggests a fourth principle of respect for communities. To explore how such a principle might be specified and operationalized, it reviews existing guidelines (...)
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  24.  43
    Chimpanzees and capuchin monkeys: comparative cognition.James R. Anderson - 1996 - In A. Russon, Kim A. Bard & S. Parkers (eds.), Reaching Into Thought: The Minds of the Great Apes. Cambridge University Press. pp. 23--56.
  25.  35
    Making the best use of primate tool use?James R. Anderson - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4):551-552.
  26.  56
    Managing Incidental Findings: Lessons From Neuroimaging.Emily Borgelt, James A. Anderson & Judy Illes - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (2):46-47.
  27.  22
    Contemporary Arguments in Natural Theology: God and Rational Belief, ed. Colin Ruloff and Peter Horban.James N. Anderson - 2023 - Philosophia Christi 25 (2):329-334.
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  28. Musical kinds.James C. Anderson - 1985 - British Journal of Aesthetics 25 (1):43-49.
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  29.  29
    Women in early phase trials: an IRB's deliberations.James R. Anderson, Toby L. Schonfeld, Timothy K. Kelso & Ernest D. Prentice - 2002 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 25 (4):7-11.
  30.  36
    Who's in Control of the Choice of Control?James A. Anderson - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (9):60-62.
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  31.  4
    The Elephant in the Nursery: Paediatric Exceptionalism?James Anderson, Randi Zlotnik Shaul & Andria Bianchi - unknown
    Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (hereafter, ‘the pandemic’), there was already widespread concern about the adequacy of health care resources across Canada. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these concerns exponentially, widening already significant cracks in provincial health care systems. Currently the system is struggling with the exacerbation of wait times for surgeries previously delayed by mandated closures during the pandemic. In Ontario, the backlog of surgeries, and associated backlogs in radiology and other services critical to paediatric care, led to the creation (...)
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  32.  23
    The Research Subject as Entrepreneur.James A. Anderson & Charles Weijer - 2001 - American Journal of Bioethics 1 (2):67-69.
  33.  47
    Primate theory of mind is a Turing test.Robert W. Mitchell & James R. Anderson - 1998 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (1):127-128.
    Heyes's literature review of deception, imitation, and self-recognition is inadequate, misleading, and erroneous. The anaesthetic artifact hypothesis of self-recognition is unsupported by the data she herself examines. Her proposed experiment is tantalizing, indicating that theory of mind is simply a Turing test.
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  34.  59
    Musical identity.James C. Anderson - 1981 - Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 40 (3):285-291.
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  35. Newton's first two laws are not definitions.James L. Anderson - 1990 - American Journal of Physics 58 (12):1192--5.
  36. The Dark Knowledge of God.Charles Journet & James F. Anderson - 1949 - Philosophy 24 (91):364-365.
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  37. A simple refutation of the knowledge argument against physicalism.James T. Anderson - 2003
    One of the most persuasive objections to the identity thesis.
     
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  38. A critical role for intuitions in moral theory.James Anderson - manuscript
    Moral intuitions, while ubiquitous in moral reasoning, have been the cause of considerable controversy in philosophy. My purpose here is to describe the most reasonable role for intuitions in moral theory, in order to look at some problems that arise, particularly for theories of justice, when intuitions are presumed to have this role.
     
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  39.  11
    Matters of Life and Death: Making Moral Theory Work in Medical Ethics and the Law.James A. Anderson & Charles Weijer - unknown
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  40.  28
    Neither the “Devil’s Lettuce” nor a “Miracle Cure:” The Use of Medical Cannabis in the Care of Children and Youth.Margot Gunning, Ari Rotenberg, James Anderson, Lynda G. Balneaves, Tracy Brace, Bruce Crooks, Wayne Hall, Lauren E. Kelly, S. Rod Rassekh, Michael Rieder, Alice Virani, Mark A. Ware, Zina Zaslawski, Harold Siden & Judy Illes - 2022 - Neuroethics 15 (1):1-8.
    Lack of guidance and regulation for authorizing medical cannabis for conditions involving the health and neurodevelopment of children is ethically problematic as it promulgates access inequities, risk-benefit inconsistencies, and inadequate consent mechanisms. In two virtual sessions using participatory action research and consensus-building methods, we obtained perspectives of stakeholders on ethics and medical cannabis for children and youth. The sessions focused on the scientific and regulatory landscape of medical cannabis, surrogate decision-making and assent, and the social and political culture of medical (...)
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  41.  16
    Neuroimaging and Mental Health: Drowning in a Sea of Acrimony.James A. Anderson & Judy Illes - 2012 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 3 (4):42-43.
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  42.  32
    Occupy the Heterotopia.James Anderson, Kiran Bharthapudi & Hao Cao - 2012 - International Review of Information Ethics 18:12.
  43.  22
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries: On Social Harms, Big Tech, and Institutional Accountability.James A. Anderson, Melissa D. McCradden & Elizabeth A. Stephenson - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (10):6-8.
    The authors offer their sincere thanks to all of the commentators for taking the time to comment on our work ; one of the advantages of the AJOB format is immediate feedback,...
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  44.  15
    An Ecology of Communication.James A. Anderson - 2003 - American Journal of Semiotics 19 (1-4):35-67.
    Written from a post-modern perspective, this article makes use of the concepts of obligation, subject position, line of action, discursive form, sentient agent, exchange, mediating technology, intentionality, improvisational performance, and communicative routines to produce an overarching theory of communication and its processes. The work of the article is to develop the linkages among these concepts and founds this analysis in ethnographic research. It concludes that the process of communication occurs inside a nexus of obligation from relational subject positions within some (...)
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  45.  16
    A Few Theses on Art, Alienation, and Abolition.James Anderson - 2021 - Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture 5 (3):92-119.
    Marcuse suggested the alienation of art from society intrinsic to the aesthetic form represents and recollects an unreal world capable of indicting existing social arrangements while simultaneously providing a sensuous experience of another possible, liberated reality denied by established institutions. Drawing on and recasting part of Marcuse’s theory of art and the aesthetic dimension, the author puts forward several theses regarding art, alienation and abolition of the prison-industrial complex. First, art implies alienation; yet, because of that condition, art offers an (...)
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  46.  44
    Analogy in Plato.James F. Anderson - 1950 - Review of Metaphysics 4 (1):111 - 128.
  47. A Note on Searle's Naturalistic Fallacy Fallacy.James C. Anderson - 1974 - Analysis 34 (4):139 - 141.
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  48.  12
    Arithmetic on a Parallel Computer: Perception Versus Logic.James A. Anderson - 2003 - Brain and Mind 4 (2):169-188.
    This article discusses the properties of a controllable, flexible, hybrid parallel computing architecture that potentially merges pattern recognition and arithmetic. Humans perform integer arithmetic in a fundamentally different way than logic-based computers. Even though the human approach to arithmetic is both slow and inaccurate it can have substantial advantages when useful approximations are more valuable than high precision. Such a computational strategy may be particularly useful when computers based on nanocomponents become feasible because it offers a way to make use (...)
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  49.  2
    Association.James A. Anderson - 2018 - Oxford University Press.
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  50.  23
    A Plea for Understanding.James F. Anderson - 1947 - Modern Schoolman 24 (3):170-172.
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