Previous research has focused on the relation between social class and prosocial behavior. However, this relation is yet unclear. In this work, we shed light on this issue by considering the effect of the level of empathy and the social class of the recipient of help on two types of prosociality, namely helping and caring. In one experimental study, we found that for high-class participants, empathy had a positive effect on helping, regardless of the recipient’s social class. However, empathy had (...) no effect for low-class participants. When it comes to caring, empathy had a positive effect for both high and low-class participants, but only when the recipient of help belonged to the same social class. This highlights that empathy by itself is not sufficient to promote cooperative relations and that the social class of the recipient of help should be taken into account to shed light on this issue. (shrink)

en este trabajo, tutorizado por el Dr. Juan José Padial Benticuaga, Gloria Luque Moya afronta la crisis desde la experiencia estética y su capacidad para reorientar el nudo de relaciones entre hombre y mundo.

Background:The acquisition of experience is a major concern for nurses in intensive care units. Although the emotional component of the clinical practice of these nurses has been widely studied, greater examination is required to determine how this component influences their learning and practical experience.Objective:To discover the relationships between emotion, memory and learning and the impacts on nursing clinical practice.Research design:This is a qualitative phenomenological study. The data were collected from open, in-depth interviews. A total of 22 intensive care unit nurses (...) participated in this research between January 2012 and December 2014.Ethical considerations:The School of Nursing Ethics Committee approved the study, which complied with ethical principles and required informed consent.Findings:We found a clear relationship between emotion, memory and the acquisition of experience. This relationship grouped three dimensions: (1) satisfaction, to relieve the patient’s pain or discomfort, give confidence and a sense of security to the patient, enable the presence of family members into the intensive care unit and provide family members with a realistic view of the patient’s situation; (2) error experience, which nurses feel when a patient dies, when they fail to accompany a patient in his or her decision to abandon the struggle to live or when they fail to lend support to the patient’s family; and (3) the feel bad–feel good paradox, which occurs when a mistake in the patient’s care or handling of his or her family is repaired.Conclusion:Emotion is a capacity that impacts on nurses’ experience and influences improvements in clinical practice. Recalling stories of satisfaction helps to reinforce good practice, while recalling stories of errors helps to identify difficulties in the profession and recognise new forms of action. The articulation of emotional competencies may support the development of nursing ethics in the intensive care unit to protect and defend their patients and improve their relationships with families in order to maximise the potential for patient care. (shrink)

Resumen: En nuestros días el término arte ha ampliado su horizonte hasta incluir prácticas y objetos que tradicionalmente habían sido negados. Este cambio de perspectiva se introduce a partir del siglo XX cuando la noción de arte comienza a ser cuestionada desde diferentes vertientes teóricas y prácticas. En este artículo se analiza la definición que el filósofo estadounidense John Dewey propuso en los años treinta, la cual trataba de devolver el arte al contexto cultural en el que se originó. Para (...) ello, en primer lugar se examinará la dimensión cultural del arte: tanto el contexto sociocultural de la obra, como el propio papel del arte para transmitir los significados de una cultura. En segundo lugar, serán consideradas las posibilidades que ofrece esta noción de arte como vía para establecer un diálogo intercultural entre iguales. A través de un estudio sobre su fundamentación teórica, así como su alcance y limitaciones, el objetivo de este artículo es mostrar, pese a sus dificultades, que la definición deweyana de arte alberga un gran potencial para la estética contemporánea.: In present days, the term art has broadened its horizon to include practices and objects that traditionally had been rejected. This change of view was introduced in the twentieth century when this notion begins to be questioned from different theoretical and practical approaches. This article analyzes the definition proposed in the thirties by the American philosopher John Dewey, which tried to return art to the cultural context in which it was created. For this purpose, first, the text examines the cultural dimension of art: the sociocultural context of the work of art; and the role of art in transmitting the meanings of a culture. Second, the text considers the possibilities offered by this notion of art to establish an intercultural dialogue between equals. Through a study of its theoretical fundamentals, its scope and limitations, the aim of this article is to show that, despite its difficulties, the Deweyan definition of art harbors great potential for contemporary aesthetics. (shrink)

Este artículo trata de ampliar el enfoque de estudio de la noción deweyana de naturaleza mediante un análisis comparado con la concepción que Confucio propone en las Analectas. Siguiendo la metodología comparada desarrollada por los autores Roger Ames y David Hall, este estudio atiende a las cualidades que el filósofo estadounidense le atribuye a dicha noción en relación con los caracteres chinos xing y tian. El objetivo de esta aproximación no reside en poner de manifiesto similitudes forzadas, sino en enfatizar (...) el contraste de ideas, las diferencias que distinguen los autores comparados. Obviamente, para establecer este diálogo estos filósofos deben compartir algunas ideas comunes y este será el aspecto significativo de esta comparación: subrayar las conexiones entre ambos filósofos, sin olvidar el contexto y los diferentes influjos desde los que estos dos pensadores desarrollan sus propuestas. (shrink)

La muerte es un asunto central en la obra de Federico García Lorca, que llego a convertirse en una obsesión que impregnó su bibliografía al completo. Este tema, común entre otros poetas y escritores de la época, adquiere un tamiz especial de la mano del literato que afronta y reflexiona sobre la misma a través de sus poemas y piezas teatrales. Este artículo plantea un análisis filosófico sobre la muerte en las páginas de Lorca, haciendo un recorrido por las principales (...) obras dedicadas a este tema. Para ello, en primer lugar, se muestra la posición de Lorca ante la muerte y su forma de tratarla. Después, se analizará la visión de la muerte en sus poemas y piezas teatrales. A modo de conclusión, me gustaría destacar cómo la obra del poeta no considera la muerte desde una perspectiva trágica de la vida sino desde una filosofía de la creación. (shrink)

El análisis comparado entre Hegel y John Dewey ha sido desarrollado previamente debido a la influencia del filósofo alemán en el pensamiento inicial del pensador estadounidense. Este artículo se centra en la estética, y particularmente en el papel del arte en sus proyectos filosóficos. A lo largo de estas páginas se intenta mostrar cómo ambos autores defienden que el arte no se limita a copiar la naturaleza, sino que es una actividad genuina basada en la creación. Para ello, en primer (...) lugar analizaré el origen del arte y la imaginación como facultad esencial para su creación y recepción. Después consideraré cómo ambos filósofos comparten que el punto de partida de la filosofía del arte será la visión cultural del mundo, la práctica auto-reflexiva de la cultura. (shrink)

Reseña RIVERO WEBER, Paulina, Introducción a la bioética. Desde una perspectiva filosófica. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2021.

Histamine is a multifunctional biogenic amine with relevant roles in intercellular communication, inflammatory processes and highly prevalent pathologies. Histamine biosynthesis depends on a single decarboxylation step, carried out by a PLP-dependent histidine decarboxylase activity (EC 4.1.1.22), an enzyme that still remains to be fully characterized. Nevertheless, during the last few years, important advances have been made in this field, including the generation and validation of the first three-dimensional model of the enzyme, which allows us to revisit previous results and conclusions. (...) This essay provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of the structural and functional characteristics of mammalian histidine decarboxylase. BioEssays 27:57–63, 2005. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

La preocupación en torno a la vida fue un aspecto crucial en el pensamiento de Friedrich Nietzsche. El filósofo va a caracterizar la vida humana desde el dinamismo y el devenir de fuerzas que promueven una interacción creativa con nuestro medio. Este artículo atiende a esa tensión creativa de la vida humana a través de la noción de la voluntad de poder desarrollada en el último periodo de su filosofía. Para ello, en primer lugar, se detendrá en esta noción, considerando (...) al papel que Nietzsche le atribuye en nuestra vida y a las cualidades propias de los términos que conforman dicha idea. Después, se analizará la voluntad de poder en relación con el modelo de producción artística, poniendo de relieve su carácter eminentemente creativo. De este modo, estas páginas tratan de exponer cómo esta concepción será la que nos permita pensar el mundo estéticamente. Palabras clave: Forma - Fuerza} - Tensión creativa - Devenir - Arte. (shrink)

Kim Iryeop (1896-1971) fue una de las escritoras feministas más controvertidas de la modernidad coreana y una maestra seon de renombre. Nació el 9 de junio de 1896 en un pueblo al sur de la provincia de Pyeong’an. Su padre era un pastor protestante y su madre una mujer ilustrada para su época, que animo a su hija a estudiar. Tras graduarse en la Ewha Womans University, Kim se convirtió en una prolífera escritora y en una figura primordial del movimiento (...) feminista nueva mujer (sin yeoja). Sin embargo, a principio de los años treinta, Kim abandonó su vida secular y se ordenó monja budista. Este estudio presenta un análisis sobre la filosofía budista que desarrolla Kim, mostrando las principales preocupaciones y aportaciones de su propuesta. (shrink)

Kim Iryeop (1896-1971) fue una de las escritoras feministas más controvertidas de la modernidad coreana y una maestra seon de renombre. Nació el 9 de junio de 1896 en un pueblo al sur de la provincia de Pyeong’an. Su padre era un pastor protestante y su madre una mujer ilustrada para su época, que animo a su hija a estudiar. Tras graduarse en la Ewha Womans University, Kim se convirtió en una prolífera escritora y en una figura primordial del movimiento (...) feminista nueva mujer (sin yeoja). Sin embargo, a principio de los años treinta, Kim abandonó su vida secular y se ordenó monja budista. Este estudio presenta un análisis sobre la filosofía budista que desarrolla Kim, mostrando las principales preocupaciones y aportaciones de su propuesta. (shrink)

La mitología de la cultura china es rica en contenido y formas debido a su larga trayectoria histórica y la multiplicidad de grupos que han ido conformando esta gran nación. Uno de los mitos más antiguos es el de la diosa arcaica Nüwa que explica la creación de la humanidad. Este artículo plantea una reflexión sobre la diosa madre en China desde un enfoque antropológico y filosófico. Para ello en primer lugar, examina el mito de creación de la diosa madre (...) Nüwa. Después analiza su continuidad en diferentes etnias minoritarias. En último lugar, considera el papel que juega estos mitos no sólo en la tradición, sino en la sociedad actual de dichos pueblos. (shrink)

Esta investigación se enmarca en los estudios de adquisición de segundas lenguas y explora cuál es la disponibilidad léxica escrita de los hablantes extranjeros que estudian español como segunda lengua al inicio de su aprendizaje en inmersión en Santiago de Chile. Consideramos cuantitativamente el factor sociolingüístico, y descriptivamente, un factor lingüístico y un factor cognitivo. Para cumplir este objetivo se identificó el léxico disponible en un corpus escrito, se cuantificó y se relacionó su disponibilidad con la variable externa sexo; se (...) examinó la incidencia de la lengua materna de los aprendientes y se determinó la influencia del nivel de lengua en el manejo del léxico disponible. Para relacionar el léxico con el nivel de lengua nos remitimos a dos nociones del inventario léxico del Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de que los aprendientes de niveles avanzados reestudien los campos semánticos de los niveles intermedios inmediatamente anteriores, pues en su intake cuentan predominantemente con ítems léxicos de los niveles más básicos. (shrink)

This is a descriptive and detailed revision of qualitative investigations of coping styles and strategies; academic performance of adolescent students. It considered both, independent and correlational studies among the two variables. Different data bases were revised like Dialnet, Redalyc, Scielo y Science Direct. 479 articles were obtained from these, 46 of these responded to the selection criteria that entailed (research article, indexed journal, adolescents). Alongside this search there was a prevalence of the studies related to different variables and their relationship (...) with coping styles and strategies. The studies present common results in terms of positive correlations between active coping styles and well being. (shrink)

Gloria Jiménez-Moya y Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón Dept. de Psicología Social, Universidad de Granada, España La desigualdad social forma parte de la … Read More →.

Gloria Jiménez-Moya Dept. de Psicología Social, Universidad de Granada, España A menudo los grupos sociales desaventajados llevan a cabo acciones … Read More →.

In this innovative book, Gloria Frost reconstructs and analyses Aquinas's theories on efficient causation and causal powers, focusing specifically on natural causal powers and efficient causation in nature. Frost presents each element of Aquinas's theories one by one, comparing them with other theories, as well as examining the philosophical and interpretive ambiguities in Aquinas's thought and proposing fresh solutions to conceptual difficulties. Her discussion includes explanations of Aquinas's technical scholastic terminology in jargon-free prose, as well as background on medieval (...) scientific views - including ordinary language explanations of the medieval physical theories which Aquinas assumed in formulating his views on causation and causal powers. The resulting volume is a rich exploration of a central philosophical topic in medieval philosophy and beyond, and will be valuable especially for scholars and advanced students working on Aquinas and on medieval natural philosophy. (shrink)

A compelling exploration of how reputation affects every aspect of contemporary life Reputation touches almost everything, guiding our behavior and choices in countless ways. But it is also shrouded in mystery. Why is it so powerful when the criteria by which people and things are defined as good or bad often appear to be arbitrary? Why do we care so much about how others see us that we may even do irrational and harmful things to try to influence their opinion? (...) In this engaging book, Gloria Origgi draws on philosophy, social psychology, sociology, economics, literature, and history to offer an illuminating account of an important yet oddly neglected subject. Origgi examines the influence of the Internet and social media, as well as the countless ranking systems that characterize modern society and contribute to the creation of formal and informal reputations in our social relations, in business, in politics, in academia, and even in wine. She highlights the importance of reputation to the effective functioning of the economy and e-commerce. Origgi also discusses the existential significance of our obsession with reputation, concluding that an awareness of the relationship between our reputation and our actions empowers us to better understand who we are and why we do what we do. Compellingly written and filled with surprising insights, Reputation pins down an elusive subject that affects everyone. (shrink)

Este artículo rastrea los orígenes del choque de ideas que vertebra el debate que Michael Ruse y Robert J. Richards llevan a cabo en Debating Darwin. En esta obra, los autores discuten sobre el contexto sociocultural que alimentó la teoría de la evolución de Charles Darwin para reconocer las similitudes conceptuales que comparte con dicotomías clásicas sobre las formas humanística o científica de percibir e interpretar el mundo. El objetivo de este artículo es, pues, reflexionar, a la luz de las (...) tesis del desencantamiento del mundo y de la incidencia del conocimiento científico en las imágenes del mundo, sobre la raíz de la que brota el malestar cultural que fundamenta estas formas duales de percepción y descripción del mundo en la historia de las ideas: la supuesta incapacidad de la concepción científica del mundo para satisfacer impulsos estético-existenciales básicos de la naturaleza humana. (shrink)

Este artículo examina la obra Leviatán Climático de Geoff Mann y Joel Wainwright, que detalla las implicaciones políticas del cambio climático antropogénico y esboza cuatro posibles futuros sociopolíticos. Sin embargo, el libro presenta notables limitaciones epistemológicas en su tratamiento de los escenarios climáticos basados en las Trayectorias de Concentración Representativas (rcps), tal y como se utilizan en el Quinto Reporte de Evaluación del ipcc. En respuesta a las críticas de Mann y Wainwright, este análisis describe brevemente otro marco que considera (...) tanto aspectos cuantitativos como cualitativos, y que incorpora factores socioeconómicos en la generación de escenarios climáticos: las Trayectorias Socioeconómicas Compartidas (ssps). (shrink)

Every culture represents a long-time historical process result that strengthens each strain and characteristic of individuals. The Mexican culture has typical characteristics such as kindness, funny, and not-soserious in some other aspects. Nevertheless, the Japanese culture is very different. Influenced by ideas like honor, obligations, and duty. These characteristics are known as “Giri”. Manners are completely different from Western countries' ideas, where you can find more liberal and individualistic cultures. An important element of the Japanese culture is the language. It (...) is because it represents their culture, religion, ethics, and their particular humor sense. This is why it is considered difficult to completely interpret it by other cultures. Currently, the Japanese language is the world´s 9th most spoken language with an approximated amount of 127 million speakers, therefore, understanding the language will let us understand Japanese culture in a better way. Considering the context explained above, this document has an objective: Strengthen the student’s knowledge and make aware them of the proper use of the Japanese language, Japanese manners, and its traditions. Approaching the students to these scenarios by applying assertive communication through internationalization experiences. (shrink)

One famous scene in The Wolf of Wall Street (2013) is the dialogue between the young Jordan Belfort (Leonardo DiCaprio) and the expert trader Mark Hanna (Matthew McConaughey). Hanna is complaining that the stock market is unpredictable; it’s “fugazi … it’s fairy dust. It doesn’t exist. It’s never landed. It is not matter. It’s not on the element chart. It’s not real”. But the fact that something is unpredictable and non-physical does not imply that it does not exist. On the (...) other hand, its unpredictability, non-physicality, and the fact that the stock market trend is largely determined by investors’ beliefs, do make its nature difficult to grasp. -/- This special issue of Rivista di Estetica aims to explore the financial sector from an ontological point of view. While the ontology of money has been extensively studied, few scholars have focused on the stock market and, more generally, on those entities belonging to the investment landscape. Matters are made more complicated by the fact that the financial sector is characterized by an ever-increasing use of digital technology, including software elements that trade in the market themselves. We believe that a careful study of this phenomenon may help us better to understand the role of artificial agents in the social world. (shrink)

The Action Theory of Exchanges is based on three main assumptions: i) an exchange is motivated by people having convergent preferences, ii) people exchange actions, and iii) offers and acceptances are crucial parts of an exchange and they bring about rights and obligations. The main aim of this paper is to discuss three aspects of this theory to better understand its ontological implications and, possibly, improve it. I first examine the expression “transferring the ownership” by showing an ontological issue behind (...) it; after that, I propose an interpretation that might solve this issue. I then show that convergent preferences are not enough to motivate an exchange; accordingly, one has to introduce two more preferences possessed by the agents. I finally propose a characterization of buying and selling (and buyer and seller) which, in addition to being compatible with the Action Theory of Exchanges, has the advantage of accounting for both monetary and non-monetary exchanges. (shrink)

Introduction : aesthetics in the age of consumer culture. Some terms -- Attention and distraction : the billboard as mural form -- Fascination; or, enlightenment in the age of neon light -- Poetry, replication, late capitalism : Octavio Paz as concrete poet -- Lygia Clark, at home with objects -- Conclusion.

Los coordinadores honoran la memoria del catedrático y amigo nuestro Javier Hernández-Pacheco, que falleció en Sevilla en la mañana del 17 de noviembre de 2020, y le dedican los frutos de la monografía. * * * Cuarenta años atrás Moses I. Finley editó The Legacy of Greece: A New Appraisal en Oxford. Desde entonces, se han editado varios volúmenes al respecto. Con el pasar de las décadas, las armonías entre la sapientia de la Antigua Grecia y la filosofía clásica alemana (...) han ganado terreno reclamando la atención que merecen. Se levantan cada vez más puentes sobre ambos períodos y a diario se publican estudios que desgranan detalles fascinantes. La enorme influencia que tuvieron los antiguos sobre los filósofos idealistas, la mirada de los poetas que anhelaban ese ancestral esplendor, las ideas del pasado y su vigencia en el presente son algunas de las cuestiones estudiadas sobre la Grecia Antigua y la filosofía clásica alemana. ¿Por qué, entonces, surgió la idea de una monografía relacionada con la naturaleza? (shrink)

El presente capítulo tiene como pretensión tanto ilustrar los momentos primordiales del apartado sobre administración de justicia al interior de los Lineamientos de la Filosofía del derecho, como exponer algunos elementos conflictivos en su comprensión. Este capítulo se separa en tres momentos: i) tematiza la tarea de la administración de justicia como salvaguardia del derecho; ii) caracteriza la cohesión narrativa de la administración de justicia al interior de la sociedad civil y su tensión con el concepto de Estado y, finalmente, (...) iii) la problemática de la personalización al interior del sistema de leyes y la interpelación de Marx. La hipótesis que aparece, entonces, es que Hegel intenta probar la necesidad de la codificación del derecho en virtud la defensa de la libertad personal y de la propiedad, pero la cual solo es posible mediante el poder o violencia judicial. (shrink)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

One famous scene in The Wolf of Wall Street (2013) is the dialogue between the young Jordan Belfort (Leonardo DiCaprio) and the expert trader Mark Hanna (Matthew McConaughey). Hanna is complaining that the stock market is unpredictable; it’s “fugazi … it’s fairy dust. It doesn’t exist. It’s never landed. It is not matter. It’s not on the element chart. It’s not real”. But the fact that something is unpredictable and non-physical does not imply that it does not exist. On the (...) other hand, its unpredictability, non-physicality, and the fact that the stock market trend is largely determined by investors’ beliefs, do make its nature difficult to grasp. -/- This special issue of Rivista di Estetica aims to explore the financial sector from an ontological point of view. While the ontology of money has been extensively studied, few scholars have focused on the stock market and, more generally, on those entities belonging to the investment landscape. Matters are made more complicated by the fact that the financial sector is characterized by an ever-increasing use of digital technology, including software elements that trade in the market themselves. We believe that a careful study of this phenomenon may help us better to understand the role of artificial agents in the social world. (shrink)

In the last few decades, the study of terminology has undergone a cognitive shift that has led to the development of several approaches that study the social, linguistic, and cognitive dimension of terms, such as Communicative Theory of Terminology (CTT) and Frame-Based Terminology (FBT). CTT was developed in the early 1990s and argues that the study of terminology should be based on a communicative perspective, taking into account aspects such as the communicators and the context of communication. FBT has been (...) developed from 2007 and uses certain aspects of Frame Semantics to conceptualise specialised domains and create non-language-specific representations through the analysis of the domain event and on the study of the behaviour of the terminological units in texts. The two theories share many of the same premises and propose the representation of the concepts of a domain in an ontology. FBT also proposes a representation in frames. We explore how these two methods of domain representation can be used to represent the terminology of the domain of seafood in Germany and Spain. (shrink)

This book is about relations--intimate relations--that exist between all that is living: between the cosmos and humanity, between the cosmos and God, and between God and humanity. It is also about relations--essential relations--that exist within all that is living: within an evolving cosmos, within a developing humanity, and within the living God. It is moreover about relations that are fundamentally constitutive of cosmic, human, and divine being and thus provide a clue to the nature of reality itself."--Intro., p. 11.

En el presente artículo se analizan las representaciones del sujeto-ciudadano que se articulan en los discursos sobre la ciudadanía del saber experto chileno. El enfoque metodológico es el estudio de caso y el análisis crítico del discurso, analizando una muestra de documentos institucionales de tres Think Tank de gran influencia nacional: “Instituto Libertad y Desarrollo”, “Centro de Estudios Públicos” y “Fundación Chile 21”. El análisis identifica dos posiciones de sujeto-ciudadano en los discursos: el “sujeto post-ciudadano” y el “sujeto neo-ciudadano”, proponiendo (...) como conclusión, que ambas representaciones están articuladas a partir de una racionalidad política común. (shrink)

BackgroundThe idea that individuals are responsible for their health has been the focus of debate in the theoretical literature and in its concrete application to healthcare policy in many countries. Controversies persist regarding the form, substance and fairness of allocating health responsibility to the individual, particularly in universal, need-based healthcare systems.ObjectiveTo examine how personal health responsibility has been framed and rationalised in Norwegian key policy documents on priority setting.MethodsDocuments issued or published by the Ministry of Health and Care Services between (...) 1987 and 2018 were thematically analysed. We developed a predefined conceptual framework that guided the analysis. The framework included: the subject and object of responsibility, the level of conceptual abstraction, temporality, normative justificatory arguments and objections to the application of personal health responsibility.ResultsAs an additional criterion, personal health responsibility has been interpreted as relevant if: the patient’s harmful behaviour is repeated after receiving treatment, and if the success of the treatment is conditional on the patient’s behavioural change. When discussed as a retrospective criterion, considerations of reciprocal fairness have been dominant. When discussed as a prospective criterion, the expected benefit of treatment justified its relevance.ConclusionPersonal health responsibility appears to challenge core values of equality, inclusion and solidarity in the Norwegian context and has been repeatedly rejected as a necessary criterion for priority setting. However, the responsibility criterion seems to have some relevance in particular priority setting decisions. (shrink)