The dichotomy made by Jankélévitch between excusing the ignorant and forgiving the wicked serves first as a key to analyzing Derrida's logic of forgiving the unforgivable. Fiasse shows Jankélévitch's influence on Derrida in spite of their opposite conclusions. The author highlights several limits in the literature on forgiveness caused by knowledge and wickedness being too strongly opposed to ignorance and excusing. She turns to Aristotle in order to emphasize the forgiveness of voluntary actions that are not necessarily ill-intended. She (...) insists on the role of apologies, the degree of personal commitment in the disapproval of the action, the harm done to the victim, the distinction between matters of slight and strong importance, the different kinds of ignorance and responsibility, and the crucial role of regret. (shrink)

As a special type of lithologic body, gas-bearing strata, composed of rhyolite, an igneous rock with a volcanic composition, is characterized by deep burial, complex lithology, poor stratification, and a complicated gas-bearing distribution. These characteristics lead to difficulties in the prediction of gas-bearing reservoir parameters and thus restrict the exploration and exploitation of such reservoirs. The unique and complex volcanic model contains different types of facies and subfacies since the volcanic eruption usually experiences different explosion-effusion periods. Our study focuses on (...) the vertical and lateral gas-bearing reservoir distribution in a volcanic environment in the Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation of the Songnan Gas Field, utilizing seismic facies-controlled non-linear stochastic inversion to integrate the volcanic facies information. First, we built the volcanic facies model for the Songliao Basin to introduce the comprehensive characteristics of the volcanic facies during a volcanic eruption, and analyzed the well-tie logging facies and seismic facies to guide the facies analysis of the target layer. Then, based on this facies analysis, we depicted the gas-bearing reservoir in detail through the use of seismic facies-controlled non-linear random inversion. Finally, we predicted the distribution of the gas-bearing reservoir by the inversion results. The predicted results were found to agree well with the actual drilling data. The inversion method effectively predicts the velocity distribution of the gas-bearing reservoir, which provides a good foundation for the subsequent description of gas-bearing reservoirs in the Yingcheng Formation. (shrink)

In this article I scrutinise a crucial tension in understanding the debate over shale gas production in Europe. On the one hand, analyses predominantly grasp the debate in terms of pro-and-con dialectics, as if the pro-shale gas camp faced the anti-shale gas camp in a dyadic clash of opposing voices. On the other hand, it is commonly recognised that this debate is driven by multi-party and multi-position argumentative dynamics. In this broader context, I focus on one pivotal contribution to the (...) debate – Gazprom’s press release from October 2013 outlining Russia’s energy giant’s strategy of dealing with unconventional gas production. I employ concepts and methods of argumentative discourse analysis to contend that an arguer to a multi-party debate – argumentative polylogue – faces a number of constraints and opportunities that cannot be adequately grasped in terms of dyadic pro-and-con dialectics. The analysis reveals how Gazprom needs to simultaneously design its discourse to address a number of other parties who might also disagree among themselves: from Greenpeace to European Union governments to shale gas companies. I show why and how a stakeholder analysis used in organisational communication might lead to a better understanding of this form of multi-party public argumentation. (shrink)

In the Abu Madi Formation of the Nile Delta Basin, false bright spots may be misinterpreted as being indicative of hydrocarbons due to mixed clastics and carbonates. However, rock-physics analysis of well logs in a particular prospect area where such ambiguity exists suggests that attributes derived using extended elastic impedance inversion may help identify hydrocarbons because they better show anomalous behavior in particular directions that are readily related to pore fluids and lithology. The EEI attributes calculated from well logs correlate (...) extremely well to lithology and fluid properties, thereby differentiating amplitude anomalies caused by gas-bearing sandstones encased in shale from similar amplitudes caused by juxtaposition of high-impedance carbonates over lower impedance water-filled sandstones. Comparing seismically derived EEI attributes to well logs from a productive well and a nonproductive well indicates that seismic inversion can successfully identify lithologies such as shales, sandstones, carbonates, and anhydrite and distinguish gas-bearing from water-bearing sandstones. The technique can thus potentially be used to better delineate and risk prospects in the area, as well as assisting exploration efforts in other locations where similar ambiguities in amplitude interpretation exist. (shrink)

This essay examines the risks of racialized science as revealed in the American mustard gas experiments of World War II. In a climate of contested beliefs over the existence and meanings of racial differences, medical researchers examined the bodies of Japanese American, African American, and Puerto Rican soldiers for evidence of how they differed from whites.

This is an expansion of the author's 1991 work which investigates the implications of Gödel's writings on Einstein's theory of relativity as they relate to the fundamental questions of the nature of time and the possibilities for time travel.

Paul Ricoeur, dans «Soi-même comme un autre», porte une attention particulière à l'éthique de l'amitié chez Aristote. Gaëlle Fiasse expose dans son livre quels sont les enjeux éthiques et métaphysiques d'une telle lecture du philosophie grec. Elle montre comment Ricoeur s'approprie et se sépare des différents sens de l'être, puisque il rejette la substance au bénéfice de l'être selon la puissance et l'acte. Elle revient ensuite aux textes d'Aristote pour répondre aux objections de Paul Ricoeur tout en dialoguant avec (...) lui. Ce livre offre donc à la fois une nouvelle lecture d'Aristote et de Paul Ricoeur et une analyse du statut éthique et ontologique de l'autre à la lumière de l'amitié. (shrink)

This article explores the diverse meanings of evil in Ricœur’s philosophy by emphasizing Kant's influence and explaining why Ricœur renounces the question of the origins of evil. The central argument is based on a definition of evil in terms of what-ought-not-to-be so of what must be fought against through action. It underlines the risks of transforming this imperative into a moral and political utopia and takes note of evil in political sphere and violence. Different aspects of evil, such as terrorism, (...) torture, and the death penalty, are discussed by looking at how Ricœur uses his ethics and his hermeneutics of the self in order to confront them, in particular, by stressing how different capacities are affected by suffering. Ultimately, when evil is conceived of as what ought-not-to-be, it is crucial to recognize the losses and the necessity of undergoing a work of mourning, as well as to take into consideration the plurality of evils. (shrink)

What are the common denominators for success when we consider increasing gas efficiency and enhancing creativity in organizations? As an analogy, the principles of increasing gas efficiency are applicable to enhancing creativity in organizations: Plan activities in advance, allocate sufficient time, resources, and set a SMART goal with clear priority and focus. Identify talent in ourselves and others and do not fall into the temptation of following others. Big ideas take time. Maintain momentum, avoid interruptions, incorporate new technologies, information, and (...) feedback, and modify action to achieve goals. We have 100% control of our thoughts and action. Stop idling, take action, and do it now. If everyone contributes just a little, the cumulative effect over time can be huge. If we have the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) for doing the right things that will benefit humanity and the whole world, but fail to do them, is this ethical? We, the managers, need to focus on what we have done and what we have failed to do, change our thinking, change our behavior, and accomplish our goals. (shrink)

In this paper two models for movement of respiratory gases in the insect trachea are presented. One model considers the tracheal system as a single flexible compartment while the other model considers the trachea as a single flexible compartment with gas exchange. This work represents an extension of Ben-Tal’s work on compartmental gas exchange in human lungs and is applied to the insect tracheal system. The purpose of the work is to study nonlinear phenomena seen in the insect respiratory system. (...) It is assumed that the flow inside the trachea is laminar, and that the air inside the chamber behaves as an ideal gas. Further, with the isothermal assumption, the expressions for the tracheal partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide, rate of volume change, and the rates of change of oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration are derived. The effects of some flow parameters such as diffusion capacities, reaction rates and air concentrations on net flow are studied. Numerical simulations of the tracheal flow characteristics are performed. The models developed provide a mathematical framework to further investigate gas exchange in insects. (shrink)

Quelles sont nos fragilités ? Comment les distinguer ? Nous aident-elles à aimer ou, au contraire, sont-elles un obstacle à la rencontre d'autrui ? La philosophe répond à ces questions en situant les fragilités qui nous habitent et qui forment notre être profond. Elle s'arrête aussi aux fragilités plus subtiles, qui restent parfois cachées, mais qui nous font bien souvent souffrir. Elle nous guide enfin vers celles qui mettent en jeu nos désirs de réciprocité, nos langages de l'amour et nos (...) défensives psychologiques. -/- Dans la dernière partie du livre, l’auteure va à la rencontre de personnes fragilisées par le handicap ou la maladie. Qui n'a pas accompagné un être cher à l'hôpital jusqu'au moment de la séparation ultime ? À partir d'exemples concrets, de principes philosophiques de l'Antiquité et de la philosophie contemporaine, Gaëlle Fiasse nous livre une analyse capable de rejoindre tous ceux et celles qui portent une attention particulière à la fragilité de l'être humain. (shrink)

Quelles sont nos fragilités ? Comment les distinguer ? Nous aident-elles à aimer ou, au contraire, sont-elles un obstacle à la rencontre d'autrui ? La philosophe répond à ces questions en situant les fragilités qui nous habitent et qui forment notre être profond. Elle s'arrête aussi aux fragilités plus subtiles, qui restent parfois cachées, mais qui nous font bien souvent souffrir. Elle nous guide enfin vers celles qui mettent en jeu nos désirs de réciprocité, nos langages de l'amour et nos (...) défensives psychologiques. -/- Dans la dernière partie du livre, l’auteure va à la rencontre de personnes fragilisées par le handicap ou la maladie. Qui n'a pas accompagné un être cher à l'hôpital jusqu'au moment de la séparation ultime ? À partir d'exemples concrets, de principes philosophiques de l'Antiquité et de la philosophie contemporaine, Gaëlle Fiasse nous livre une analyse capable de rejoindre tous ceux et celles qui portent une attention particulière à la fragilité de l'être humain. (shrink)

As global warming continues to attract growing levels of attention, various stakeholders have put climate change on corporate agendas and expect firms to disclose relevant greenhouse gas information. In this paper, we investigate the consistency of the GHG information voluntarily disclosed by French listed firms through two different communication channels: corporate reports and the Carbon Disclosure Project. More precisely, we contrast the amounts of GHG emissions reported and the methodological explanations provided in each channel. Consistent with a stakeholder theory perspective, (...) we find that GHG amounts are significantly lower in the CR than in the CDP. We also find that firms increase the CR figures’ traceability when there is a discrepancy between disclosures in the two channels. We suggest that the aim of this greater traceability is to enhance information credibility across the different channels used. (shrink)

Pore- and fracture-filling gas hydrates were identified from the core samples at several sites during the second Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey expedition. Well logs indicated that gas hydrate occurred in three distinct layers at site GMGS2-08. The gas hydrate saturations calculated from well-log data and the seismic responses for the three gas hydrate-bearing layers, especially within the middle carbonate layer, were poorly known. We estimated gas hydrate saturations using isotropic and anisotropic models based on the mineral composition of the sediments (...) and the effective medium theory. In the upper and lower gas hydrate-bearing layers, saturations estimated from anisotropic models are close to those estimated from pressures cores and chlorinity data. The average saturation using an anisotropic model in the upper hydrate layer is approximately 10% with a maximum value of 25%. In the lower layer, the horizontal and vertical gas hydrate-filled fractures and visible gas hydrate were formed with a maximum saturation of approximately 85%. For the middle layer, well logs show high P-wave velocity, density, high resistivity as well as low gamma ray, porosity, and drilling rate, together indicating a carbonate layer containing gas hydrate. The hydrate saturations calculated from isotropic models assuming hydrate formed at grain contacts are less than 20%, which fit well with two values calculated from chlorinity data for this layer. The upper gas hydrate layer shows no clear seismic response and probably consisted of small fractures filled with gas hydrate. The middle carbonate and lower fracture-filled gas hydrate-bearing layers show pull-up reflections, with the carbonate layer exhibiting relatively higher amplitudes. Pore-filling gas hydrate was also identified just above the depth of the bottom-simulating-reflector from the GMGS2-05 drill site. Below the BSR, the push-down reflections, polarity reversal, and enhanced reflections indicate the occurrence of free gas in the study area. (shrink)

The thesis of this paper is that individual emitters, in contrast to governments, may be justified in employing excusable ignorance as an excuse after 1990 and even well into the future. Although it may at first seem counterintuitive, this is not only true of individuals with extremely limited access to information but potentially also of highly educated individuals with almost boundless access to data, reports, and analyses. I develop the argument based on an influential account of excusable ignorance and discuss (...) and reject an objection from expert testimony. (shrink)

Because shale gas content plays a very important role in the evaluation of gas shale potential, its calculation and prediction become obligatory. We used two predictive models, namely, the Langmuir and Ambrose models, to calculate the shale gas content. The parameters involved in these two models are calculated by various experiments and analytic methods, including indirect prediction, the isothermal adsorption test, X-ray diffraction analysis, total organic carbon measurement, pyrolysis, and porosity measurement. Then, a new calculation model that is applicable to (...) shales in the Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin, is established. Further research on influential factors of gas content in well YN2 is implemented. The result indicates that the gas content of terrestrial shales is more influenced by TOC abundance than by the content of clay minerals and quartz. The main parameters in the new calculation model are the TOC, depth, porosity, and gas saturation. The Jurassic shale gas in well YN2 is speculated to be mainly adsorption gas, with a dominant proportion of 75%–90% in the total gas content. As the formation depth increases, the free-gas content rises continuously, whereas the adsorption gas content first increases and then approaches the equilibrium value or even tends to decrease slightly. Based on the foregoing results, the target layer, the Yengisar Formation, is predicted to possess an enormous amount of shale gas potential, with an average total gas content of [Formula: see text]. (shrink)

We model a piece of text of human language telling a story by means of the quantum structure describing a Bose gas in a state close to a Bose–Einstein condensate near absolute zero temperature. For this we introduce energy levels for the words used in the story and we also introduce the new notion of ‘cogniton’ as the quantum of human thought. Words are then cognitons in different energy states as it is the case for photons in different energy states, (...) or states of different radiative frequency, when the considered boson gas is that of the quanta of the electromagnetic field. We show that Bose–Einstein statistics delivers a very good model for these pieces of texts telling stories, both for short stories and for long stories of the size of novels. We analyze an unexpected connection with Zipf’s law in human language, the Zipf ranking relating to the energy levels of the words, and the Bose–Einstein graph coinciding with the Zipf graph. We investigate the issue of ‘identity and indistinguishability’ from this new perspective and conjecture that the way one can easily understand how two of ‘the same concepts’ are ‘absolutely identical and indistinguishable’ in human language is also the way in which quantum particles are absolutely identical and indistinguishable in physical reality, providing in this way new evidence for our conceptuality interpretation of quantum theory. (shrink)

On trouve dans le stoïcisme plusieurs définitions contradictoires de l'amour-éros. l'amour-éros comme propension à se créer des amis à cause de leur beauté est tantôt attribué au sage, tantôt tout à fait condamné. M. Schofield et M. Nussbaum ont essayé de résoudre cette aporie. Après avoir soulevé certaines difficultés qu'engendraient leurs interprétations, l'A. montre que l'éros a deux acceptions différentes. Il est premièrement la passion, le désir charnel, que les stoïciens excluent absolument. Mais l'éros signifie aussi une tendance naturelle à (...) se faire des amis de ceux dont la beauté manifeste une aptitude à la vertu. Un tel éros occupe une place dans la vie morale du stoïcien. À la suite de Platon, les stoïciens reprennent le vocabulaire pédérastique grec pour le sublimer et lui donner un sens nouveau. Cette forme d 'éros bannit toute passion amoureuse et toute relation sexuelle. Il est un amour d'amitié. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- A number of contradictory definitions of love-eros occur in Stoicism. Love-eros as the propensity to make friends because of their beauty is at times attributed to the sage, and at times utterly condemned. M. Schofield and M. Nussbaum have attempted to resolve this aporia. Having raised certain difficulties involved in their interpretations, the A. has attempted to show that eros had two different meanings. It is firstly passion, carnal desire, that the Stoics reject absolutely. But eros also means a natural tendency to make friends of those whose beauty manifests an aptitude for virtue. An eros of this type holds a place in the moral life of the Stoic. Following Plato, the Stoics make use of the Greek pédérastie vocabulary in order to sublimate it and give it a new meaning. This form of eros banishes any amorous passion and any sexual relationship. It is a love of friendship. (shrink)

We have estimated the seismic attenuation in gas hydrate and free-gas-bearing sediments from high-resolution P-cable 3D seismic data from the Vestnesa Ridge on the Arctic continental margin of Svalbard. P-cable data have a broad bandwidth, which is extremely advantageous in estimating seismic attenuation in a medium. The seismic quality factor, the inverse of seismic attenuation, is estimated from the seismic data set using the centroid frequency shift and spectral ratio methods. The centroid frequency shift method establishes a relationship between the (...) change in the centroid frequency of an amplitude spectrum and the Q value of a medium. The SR method estimates the Q value of a medium by studying the differential decay of different frequencies. The broad bandwidth and short offset characteristics of the P-cable data set are useful to continuously map the Q for different layers throughout the 3D seismic volume. The centroid frequency shift method is found to be relatively more stable than the SR method. Q values estimated using these two methods are in concordance with each other. The Q data document attenuation anomalies in the layers in the gas hydrate stability zone above the bottom-simulating reflection and in the free gas zone below. Changes in the attenuation anomalies correlate with small-scale fault systems in the Vestnesa Ridge suggesting a strong structural control on the distribution of free gas and gas hydrates in the region. We argued that high and spatially limited Q anomalies in the layer above the BSR indicate the presence of gas hydrates in marine sediments in this setting. Hence, our workflow to analyze Q using high-resolution P-cable 3D seismic data with a large bandwidth could be a potential technique to detect and directly map the distribution of gas hydrates in marine sediments. (shrink)

We model a piece of text of human language telling a story by means of the quantum structure describing a Bose gas in a state close to a Bose–Einstein condensate near absolute zero temperature. For this we introduce energy levels for the words used in the story and we also introduce the new notion of ‘cogniton’ as the quantum of human thought. Words are then cognitons in different energy states as it is the case for photons in different energy states, (...) or states of different radiative frequency, when the considered boson gas is that of the quanta of the electromagnetic field. We show that Bose–Einstein statistics delivers a very good model for these pieces of texts telling stories, both for short stories and for long stories of the size of novels. We analyze an unexpected connection with Zipf’s law in human language, the Zipf ranking relating to the energy levels of the words, and the Bose–Einstein graph coinciding with the Zipf graph. We investigate the issue of ‘identity and indistinguishability’ from this new perspective and conjecture that the way one can easily understand how two of ‘the same concepts’ are ‘absolutely identical and indistinguishable’ in human language is also the way in which quantum particles are absolutely identical and indistinguishable in physical reality, providing in this way new evidence for our conceptuality interpretation of quantum theory. (shrink)

The organic-rich Lower Silurian Longmaxi and Upper Ordovician Wufeng Shale is one of the most important marine shale gas plays in southern China, with relatively high thermal maturity and complex structural evolution. The delineation of the Jiaoshiba shale gas play has been highly successful for the LSLUOWS in the Fuling area of southeastern Sichuan Basin. The drilling targets the basal part of the LSLUOWS, where the approximately 38–45 m of organic-rich section corresponds to a maturity range around 2.2%–3.0% Ro, with (...) high brittle mineral content. The produced shale gas displays a clear reversal in the stable carbon isotopes. The shale gas play zone is between the overlain mudstone in the Middle-Upper Longmaxi Formation and the underlain Upper Ordovician tight limestone in the Jiancaogou Fm. The shale gas reservoir is overpressured, with an average pressure coefficient of 1.55. From December 2013 to late 2014, results of production tests determined relatively stable pressure and production curves. Fifty prolific gas wells have been completed to date in the Jiaoshiba Shale Gas Field in Fuling. Preliminary study revealed several characteristics of this structurally complex shale play that are distinctly different from those in the United States, including an anticlinal structure with mild deformation, abundant free gas, and very short gas migration through microfractures, the natural fracture network formed by the two fault systems, and the slip parallel to the layer in the basal LSLUOWS. Movement along strike-slip faults has gone through up into the Quaternary, which is considered to be a significant factor in the establishment and preservation of the overpressured region in the LSLUOWS. (shrink)

Deux ans après le décès du philosophe fut publié en 2007, son dernier livre inachevé, Vivant jusqu'à la mort, venant clore une oeuvre riche et variée, dans laquelle un fil conducteur se fait jour : le thème de la capacité et la philosophie de l'action qui prennent le pas sur la faillibilité. Plusieurs philosophes présentent cette thématique de l'homme capable, leurs études abordent sous des angles variés, la question du soi éthique et de son rapport à l'autre, du soi politique (...) et de l'identité collective, du soi herméneutique et du soi langagier, un être capable de dépasser les ruptures entre les langues et les cultures. Ils nous montrent l'originalité de la pensée de Ricoeur. (shrink)

The article focuses on the in-between of the voluntary and the involuntary in Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of the self. From the triad of passivity, through the intentional act, the author analyzes the empty place in Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of voluntary actions that can appear to be involuntary, such as actions motivated by passions but which nonetheless remain in the self’s responsibility and in the domain of forgiveness. In Ricoeur’s hermeneutics, character belongs to the realm of sameness and the absolute involuntary. The author (...) thus emphasizes the possible ways in which we may work on our character and the problems of equating narrative identity with the self and identity. The story of our life cannot be reduced to our lived story nor to our narrative identity, since it also involves involuntary events that do not necessarily say much about who the self is. (shrink)

This paper focuses on the act of forgiveness understood as an act which involves the recognition of injustice. Its goal is to answer to Arendt, who equates the realm of forgiveness with the possibility of punishment, to Derrida, who limits forgiveness to the unforgivable actions in order to highlight its unconditionality, and to Jankélévitch, who insists that the culprit’s repentance is an indispensable condition to forgiveness. By contrasting forgiveness, retaliation, and resignation, I emphasize that forgiveness implies attributing blame for injustice, (...) but I distinguish this from the sphere of punishment. Secondly, by showing how self-esteem is necessary for the victim and the offender, I underline the significance of the culprit’s avowal. These two elements lead to the distinction between inner forgiveness, which entails a superabundant act and an element of unconditionality, and integral forgiveness, which requires the culprit’s repentance in order to be exchanged by two people. (shrink)

Analysis and critical study of all the occurrences of ousia, eidos, morphè in the Nicomachean Ethics, the Eudemian Ethics, and the Magna Moralia.

Le rapport à autrui chez Aristote trouve son point culminant dans l'amitié, mais il prend sa source dans le désir du bien véritable. Le lien du soi au bien, fondement de l'amour de soi, conduit ultimement à découvrir l'ami comme autre soi-même. Le bien visé et l'attraction de l'aimable éclairent la thématique de la bienveillance et le fait d'aimer l'autre pour lui-même de façon désintéressée. La recherche du bien permet également de comprendre en quel sens des amitiés peuvent se nouer (...) entre personnes non vertueuses, dans la mesure où tout être humain recèle en lui-même quelque chose de bon. (shrink)

Analysis and critical study of all the occurrences of ousia in Aristotle's Physics.

S’inspirant de deux penseurs de la tradition spirituelle ayant voué leur vie au dialogue existentiel entre chrétiens et musulmans, Pierre Claverie et Christian de Chergé, l’auteur met en lumière des points fondamentaux du dialogue existentiel. Alors que le dialogue a souvent été pensé à la lumière d’une éthique de la discussion où le but avoué ou non est de convaincre l’autre par des arguments intellectuels, il s’agit ici davantage d’un dialogue communicatif qui vise à rencontrer autrui et l’accueillir dans sa (...) différence. Un tel dialogue existentiel requiert une attitude de réceptivité et une non-suffisance à soi. Toutefois, il n’implique pas de renoncer à sa propre identité, à ses convictions dans la mesure où la finalité n’est pas de les imposer à autrui. L’auteur met en exergue l’idée de convictions non contraignantes. Le dialogue implique également une attention à autrui dans sa corporéité et sa gestuelle. D’un point de vue épistémologique, il se base sur un jugement d’humanité. Il implique un impératif éthique et un travail d’imagination et de connaissance pour rencontrer autrui et le respecter, à la fois dans son humanité et son altérité essentielles. Enfin, les conditionnements humains, l’histoire narrative, l’univers socio-culturel et politique sont aussi des éléments qui peuvent nourrir ou affecter le dialogue. (shrink)

L'auteur examine dans un premier temps si la distinction entre le droit positif et le droit naturel signifie une opposition chez Aristote. Au lieu d'argumenter à partir du domaine politique ou juridique, elle insiste sur la thématique du bien dans les livres d'éthique, afin de mieux souligner la compréhension de la nature comme finalité. Ce fil rouge de la finalité guide l'argumentation de l'article et conduit l'auteur à revisiter le lien de l'être et de l'apparaître ainsi que celui du naturel (...) et du légal dans l'Éthique à Nicomaque. Dans un deuxième temps, le thème de l'esclavage est revisité pour illustrer l'imbrication du droit, de l'éthique et de la politique. La problématique de la finalité éthique apparaît elle aussi dans la position que prend Aristote sur l'esclavage, position qui suscite, aujourd’hui encore, des commentaires contrastés. (shrink)