Algunos de los argumentos que pretenden justificar el constitucionalismo desde la asunción del valor de la democracia atribuyen alguna relevancia normativa al sujeto o al procedimiento de elaboración de la constitución, considerando incompleta o incorrecta la mera apelación a una teoría de la justicia basada en derechos. Aunque los argumentos tienen orígenes heterogéneos es posible reconstruir algunos de los presupuestos que están en su base y que pueden reconducirse a los siguientes: la primacía de la democracia sobre los derechos, conforme (...) a la que éstos cobran su sentido pleno en el principio de soberanía popular; una estrategia dualista para la que no todas las decisiones políticas son cualitativamente iguales y que prima la política constitucional sobre la política legislativa ordinaria; una actitud de desconfianza hacia la representación ordinaria y la exigencia de un procedimiento diferente y más exigente para la creación y la reforma constitucional; y, por último, la neutralidad metaética y la irrelevancia de una teoría ontológicamente objetivista. A partir de estos presupuestos se han empleado principalmente dos tipos de instrumentos argumentativos para dar prioridad a la decisión constituyente y fundar en ella la supremacía de la constitución. Por una parte, se ha considerado que la analogía de las situaciones de debilidad de la voluntad individual con la democracia constitucional justifica la extensión del instrumento del precompromiso para dar cuenta de las restricciones constitucionales como vínculos autoimpuestos. Por otro lado, se ha planteado que un concepto jurídico de poder constituyente sirve para dar prevalencia a las decisiones “populares” adoptadas en una práctica deliberativa amplia frente a las decisiones parlamentarias. (shrink)

The numerous biographies on Ignatius of Loyola’s that emerged in recent years have rarely addressed the post mortem treatment received by the body of the Holy Jesuit. Even more, those that actually talked about this chapter of the Saint’s life did not take into account the descriptive and interpretive richness that provides the History of Medicine. Therefore, this paper aims to reconstruct the postmortem treatment received by the body of Ignatius of Loyola’s. In addition, we aim to suggest some ideas (...) about the health professionals who performed the autopsy and subsequent embalming of the corpse, the “signs of holiness” found in the body and the places where it was preserved. (shrink)

Resumen En este trabajo intentaré comparar dos momentos en la producción teórica de Nancy Fraser: sus análisis contemporáneos del capitalismo como orden institucional y su marco categorial previo, basado en dualismo de redistribución y reconocimiento. Destacaré tres grandes rupturas en su evolución intelectual: en el diagnóstico del presente, en la comprensión del capitalismo como tal y en la propuesta política.In this paper I will try to compare two periods in Nancy Fraser's theoretical evolution: her analysis of contemporary capitalism as an (...) institutional social order and her previous categorial framework, based on the dualims of redistribution and recognition. I will highlight three major ruptures in her intellectual development: in the diagnosis of present times, in the understanding of capitalism as such and in political proposal. (shrink)

Um livro que abalará todas as suas crenças – Martim Vasques da Cunha Com o rigor de um scholar e a força argumentativa de um polemista, Francisco Razzo expõe uma tese perturbadora- esquerda, direita ou centro, somos todos responsáveis pelas jaulas voluntárias de nossas ideologias. A imaginação totalitária é a estreia promissora de um escritor que quer nos perturbar sem fazer nenhuma concessão. E, sobretudo, o relato de um exorcismo pessoal de alguém que também quer expulsar os demônios que (...) infestam a atual sociedade brasileira – especialmente quando esta crê que a política é a última esperança que nos resta. (shrink)

Este artículo aborda el papel que juega la “admiración” en la traducción heideggeriana de tres pasajes de la Metafísica de Aristóteles. Con base en el volumen 62 de la Gesamtausgabe, se muestra que la “admiración” se relaciona con tres temas fundamentales, a saber: el mundo, la vida y la comprensión. En primer lugar, analizo el tema del mundo compartido y del mundo circundante. En segundo lugar, describo el tema de la vida, la cual es interpretada como “premura insoslayable” y “clara (...) permanencia tranquila”. En tercer lugar, desarrollo el tema de la comprensión en tres fases: “epistémica”, “propia” y “visible”. Estos temas serán retomados en trabajos ulteriores como Ser y tiempo. Por tal motivo, las lecciones de 1922 son valiosas para conocer el itinerario filosófico de Heidegger en los años veinte. Finalmente, se intenta mostrar que la triple traducción del vocablo griego θαυμάζειν realizada por Heidegger, obedece a un criterio específico de interpretación fenomenológica acorde a los temas mencionados. (shrink)

The Aymara Pentecostalism is one of the most important religious movements in Chile. In the last decades it has been produced a considerable amount of sociological and anthropological research about this movement and this has resulted in the emergency of a particular field. However, these studies have not the thematized the relevance of the theoretical assumptions that underlie in their analysis. Due to this, our aim is to develop an epistemological analysis of the theoretical assumptions behind the studies about the (...) Aymara Pentecostalism in Chile, elucidating specifically how they have used the difference between structure and action when they aim to understand the features of this socio-religious movement. This will allow us to elucidate the types of epistemological conflation that take place in the explanations develop by these authors, assessing its theoretical contribution. El pentecostalismo aymara es uno de los movimientos religiosos más distintivos de Chile. En las últimas décadas se ha producido una considerable cantidad de estudios sociológicos y antropológicos sobre este movimiento, generándose un incipiente campo de estudios al respecto. Sin embargo, estos estudios no han tematizado la adecuación de los supuestos teóricos que subyacen a sus análisis. Por ello, nuestro objetivo es realizar un análisis epistemológico de los supuestos teóricos que subyacen a los estudios sobre pentecostalismo aymara en Chile, distinguiendo específicamente cómo han utilizado la distinción entre estructura y acción a la hora de comprender las características de este movimiento socioreligioso. Esto nos permitirá distinguir los tipos de conflacionismo epistemológico presentes en las explicaciones esbozadas por los autores, evaluando así su rendimiento teórico. (shrink)

Bravo, F. La dialéctica en Teilhard de Chardin.--Carías, R. El conocimiento de Dios en Max Scheler.--Cappelletti, A. J. El fuego y el logos en la filosofía de Heráclito.--Li Carrillo, V. Estructuralismo y antihumanismo.--Rosales, A. Martín Heidegger y la crisis de la filosofía transcendental.--Rosales, A. La crítica de Heidegger al idealismo moderno.--Rosales, A. El giro del pensamiento de Heidegger.

Introduction: The use of human samples in genomic research has increased ethical debate about informed consent (IC) requirements and the information that subjects should receive regarding the results of the research. However, there are no quantitative data regarding researchers’ attitudes about these issues. Methods: We present the results of a survey of 104 US and 100 Spanish researchers who had published genomic epidemiology studies in 61 journals during 2006. Results: Researchers preferred a broader IC than the IC they had actually (...) obtained in their published papers. US authors were more likely than their Spanish colleagues to support obtaining a broad IC, covering either any future research project or any projects related to a group of diseases (67.6% vs 43%; adjusted OR = 4.84, 95% CI, 2.32 to 10.12). A slight majority of researchers (55.8%) supported informing participants about individual genomic results only if the reliability and clinical validity of the information had been established. Men were more likely than women to believe that patients should be informed of research results even if these conditions were not met (adjusted OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.46 to 5.72). Conclusions: This study provides evidence of a wide range of views among scientists regarding some controversial ethical issues related to genomic research, suggesting the need for more study, debate and education. In the interim, journals might consider including the investigators’ policies regarding these ethical issues in the papers they publish in the field of genomic epidemiology. (shrink)

Algebraic quantum field theory (AQFT) puts forward three ``causal axioms'' that aim to characterize the theory as one that implements relativistic causation: the spectrum condition, microcausality, and primitive causality. In this paper, I aim to show, in a minimally technical way, that none of them fully explains the notion of causation appropriate for AQFT because they only capture some of the desiderata for relativistic causation I state or because it is often unclear how each axiom implements its respective desideratum. After (...) this diagnostic, I will show that a fourth condition, local primitive causality (LPC), fully characterizes relativistic causation in the sense of fulfilling all the relevant desiderata. However, it only encompasses the virtues of the other axioms because it is implied by them, as I will show from a construction by Haag and Schroer (1962). Since the conjunction of the three causal axioms implies LPC and other important results in QFT that LPC does not imply, and since LPC helps clarify some of the shortcomings of the three axioms, I advocate for a holistic interpretation of how the axioms characterize the causal structure of AQFT against the strategy in the literature to rivalize the axioms and privilege one among them. (shrink)

Los castillos ideológicos pueden parecer fortalezas inexpugnables, construidas sobre sólidas verdades, pero la historia nos da abundantes ejemplos de su desmoronamiento, debido simplemente a que no responden a lo que realmente son el hombre y el mundo, a la verdad objetiva de las cosas.

The interest in crossmodal correspondences, including those involving sounds and involving tastes, has experienced rapid growth in recent years. However, the mechanisms underlying these correspondences are not well understood. In the present study (N = 302), we used an associative learning paradigm, based on previous literature using simple sounds with no consensual taste associations (i.e., square and triangle wave sounds at 200 Hz) and taste words (i.e., sweet and bitter), to test the influence of two potential mechanisms in establishing sound–taste (...) correspondences and investigate whether either learning mechanism could give rise to new and long‐lasting associations. Specifically, we examined an emotional mediation account (i.e., using sad and happy emoji facial expressions) and a transitive path (i.e., sound‐taste correspondence being mediated by color, using red and black colored squares). The results revealed that the associative learning paradigm mapping the triangle wave tone with a happy emoji facial expression induced a novel crossmodal correspondence between this sound and the word sweet. Importantly, we found that this novel association was still present two months after the experimental learning paradigm. None of the other mappings, emotional or transitive, gave rise to any significant associations between sound and taste. These findings provide evidence that new crossmodal correspondences between sounds and tastes can be created by leveraging the affective connection between both dimensions, helping elucidate the mechanisms underlying these associations. Moreover, these findings reveal that these associations can last for several weeks after the experimental session through which they were induced. (shrink)

Although there are those who understand that the debates about the morality of the interruption of pregnancy are newly born, when analyzing some passages of the classical sources, the antiquity of such discussions is revealed. Likewise, as the legal, political and moral conclusions in such respects are often based on a metaphysical, anthropological, theological or biological position, it is necessary to enter these fields in order to fully explore the different edges of such a complicated object. In this way, this (...) work aims to show the terminological pitfalls that the words embryon and kyema generate for the understanding of Aristotelian embryology, which is the basis for understanding his position on abortion, as well as the scholastic debates that use this as a source. We aspire to analyze the various appearances of both terms in various works of Aristotle - fundamentally De generatione animalium and De partibus animalium - and show how there is no criterion to distinguish them in most contexts. (shrink)

El presente trabajo se divide en dos partes. En la primera parte, se explican las nociones fenomenológicas de temporalidad e historicidad de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, para interpretar la novela sin ficción de Javier Cercas, El Impostor. El personaje de la novela, Enric Marco, crea una identidad falsa como salvavidas a una realidad que no es capaz de ver o en la que no es capaz de existir. Explicaremos como este problema podría ser identificado, como una negación de la existencia. En la (...) segunda parte, ampliamos el análisis existencial hacia una descripción de la sociedad: cuán cerca estamos de ser Enric Marco. Acompañaremos esta segunda parte con textos breves de Merleau-Ponty, publicados al finalizar la Segunda Guerra Mundial, cuyos argumentos permiten describir las respuestas sociales a la violencia, las mismas que son semejantes a las descripciones que hace Cercas de la sociedad española, esto es, la incapacidad social para reincorporarnos o rehacernos frente a un presente confuso. (shrink)

Nous présentons la notion d’« être au monde » de Merleau-Ponty, en prenant comme point de départ l’étude de l’auteur sur le rapport mère-enfant dans la première étape de l’enfance (de 0 à 3 mois). Dans cet article nous nous appuyons, spécifiquement, sur le cours tenu à la Sorbonne entre 1949 et 1952, influencé par les travaux de la psychologie de la Gestalt et de la psychanalyse, pour montrer comment, à partir de la relation et de l’unité mère-bébé, on peut (...) expliciter ce que Merleau-Ponty pense de l’intersubjectivité et l’idée qu’il se fait du corps comme projet orienté vers le monde. Nous voulons montrer comment Merleau-Ponty rapproche la philosophie de la réalité concrète et comment il analyse le développement de l’enfant en tant que processus d’individualisation.We explore Merleau-Ponty’s notion of “being-toward-the-world,” taking his study on the mother-child relation during the first stage of infancy (0-3 months) as our point of departure. In this article we consider, more specifically, the Sorbonne lectures of 1949-1952, which were influenced by works in Gestalt psychology and psychoanalysis, in order to show how, starting from the relation of the mother-baby unity, we can clarify what Merleau-Ponty thinks of intersubjectivity, and his idea of the body as project oriented toward the world. We wish to show how Merleau-Ponty brings philosophy closer to concrete reality and how he analyzes child development as a process of individualization. Presentiamo la nozione di “essere al mondo” in Merleau-Ponty prendendo come punto di partenza i suoi studi sul rapporto madre-bambino nella prima fase dell’infanzia (dagli 0 ai 3 mesi di età). In quest’articolo consideriamo, in particolar modo, il corso tenuto alla Sorbona tra il 1949 e il 1952, influenzato dai lavori di psicologia della Gestalt e dalla psicoanalisi, per mostrare come, a partire dalla relazione dell’unità madre-bambino, possiamo esplicitare ciò che Merleau-Ponty pensa dell’intersoggettività e l’idea che si è fatto del corpo come progetto orientato al mondo. Vogliamo quindi mostrare come Merleau-Ponty avvicini la filosofia alla realtà concreta e come analizzi lo sviluppo del bambino in quanto processo d’individualizzazione. (shrink)

Francisco Suárez (1548-1617) was one of the most important philosophers and theologians of Early Modern Scholasticism. Although Suárez spent most of his academic career as a professor of theology, he is better known today for his Metaphysical Disputations (Salamanca, 1597). The present volume contains a facing-page English translation of Metaphysical Disputations III & IV. Metaphysical Disputation III offers a general treatment of the properties of being as such, while Metaphysical Disputation IV deals with one of these properties in particular, (...) transcendental unity. The Latin text contained in this volume introduces a significant number of corrections to the text of the Vivès edition, the one standardly used by scholars of Suárez, and thus more faithfully reproduces the text of the first edition. The volume also contains a lengthy introduction that provides a detailed survey of the disputations' principal claims and arguments. (shrink)

This book examines the conceptual contributions of constituent representatives in Spain during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Spanish Parliament has been the stage for the political modernisation of the country. Constitutional debates have historically led to the gradual acknowledgement and broadening – usually unevenly – of citizens’ rights. At the same time, constitutional debates have created opportunities to design institutions and settle legal mechanisms to enforce rights and distribute state resources. The book identifies and analyses rhetorical and conceptual innovations (...) produced in such debates from a historical perspective. (shrink)

On philosophy and Christian theology of humankind; festschrift in honor of J. Sudarminta, a pastor and philosophy lecturer at Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Driyarkara, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Un estudio profundo de lo que es y cómo es Dios según la revelación que tenemos de Él en las Sagradas Escrituras.

Fragments is a verse and narrative work of phenomenological and existential ontology focusing on mind-world unity and mind-world dislocation in the experience of self through time. Pivotal experiential and historical moments -- moments when normative guardrails and unreflective models of the world may be compromised -- are approached as fundamental markers of how we transact with evolving versions of ourselves and world.

A parallel, Latin-English, edition of the first volume of Suárez's renowned treatise on metaphysics, with corrected Latin text and comprehensive annotations.