How is ownership established over non-owned things? We suggest that people may view ownership as a kind of credit given to agents responsible for making possession of a non-owned object possible. On this view, judgments about the establishment of ownership depend on attributions of responsibility. We report three experiments showing that people’s judgments about the establishment of ownership are influenced by an agent’s intent and control in bringing about an outcome, factors that also affect attributions of responsibility. These findings demonstrate (...) that people do not just consider who was first to possess an object in judging who owns it, and are broadly consistent with the view that ownership is acquired through labor. The findings also suggest that rather than exclusively being the product of social conventions, judgments about the establishment of ownership over non-owned things also depend on the psychological processes underlying the attribution of responsibility. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of crude oil market structure on stock market volatility in Asian countries in the period 2008–2017. We integrate network analysis with the SGMM estimation technique to achieve the research objective. Network analysis was conducted with 43 Asian countries, while analysis of the impact of crude oil market structure on stock markets was performed with a sample of 19 countries. The results show that the stock market has a positive growth in (...) countries with stronger export capacity while it is negatively affected in larger importing countries. In addition, the research results show that the stock market’s growth is greater in countries with a central position in the crude oil market. The study results will be useful for countries in reducing the undesirable impact of crude oil market on the stock market. (shrink)

Impacts of the economic development to the socio cultural changes in Vietnam.

Individuals with trypophobia have an aversion towards clusters of roughly circular shapes, such as those on a sponge or the bubbles on a cup of coffee. It is unclear why the condition exists, given the harmless nature of typical eliciting stimuli. We suggest that aversion to clusters is an evolutionarily prepared response towards a class of stimuli that resemble cues to the presence of parasites and infectious disease. Trypophobia may be an exaggerated and overgeneralised version of this normally adaptive response. (...) Consistent with this explanation, individuals with trypophobia, as well as comparison individuals, reported aversion towards disease-relevant cluster stimuli, but only the trypophobic group reported aversion towards objectively harmless cluster stimuli that had no relevance to disease. For both groups the level of aversion reported was predicted uniquely by a measure of disgust sensitivity. Scaled emotion ratings and open-ended responses revealed that the aversive response was predominantly based on the disease avoidance emotion, disgust. Many open-ended responses also described skin sensations. These findings support the proposal that individuals with trypophobia primarily perceive cluster stimuli as cues to ectoparasites and skin-transmitted pathogens. (shrink)

Since 2013, Vietnam has implemented a plan to reform the whole education sector. However, there is little understanding on the status of educational research in Vietnam, which may lay the foundation for such plan. Thus, this research aims to analyze the whole picture of educational research from Vietnam, as seen from the Clarivate Web of Science (WOS) database: 215 publications were recorded, ranging from 1991 to 2018. These 215 publications were further analyzed from five perspectives: 1) number of publications by (...) year; 2) research fields and levels of education; 3) top institutions with the highest number of publications; 4) international collaboration; and 5) quality. Some of the most notable results are: 1) the educational sciences in Vietnam have been still under-developed until recently; 2) among different research topics research among educational sciences, some (e.g., Vocational Education and Training or Early Childhood Education) seemed to be overlooked whereas others (e.g., Higher Education and Teaching and Learning) seemed to receive more attention from educational scholars; 3) all the most major education – specialized universities did not appear among the top five institutions with highest number of publications; 4) Australia, Thailand, the USA, New Zealand and China were the countries with the highest number of co-publications with Vietnamese researchers; and 5) The majority of publications belonged to low-ranked journals. Implications would be withdrawn for Vietnamese policymakers, education leaders, educational researchers and teachers in order to adjust their policies and/or action plans; thus, enhancing the performance and impacts of educational research in the future. (shrink)

The aim of the current study was to explore the process of self-transformation as a result of coping with a major life event, and to address the role, if any, that spirituality plays within the coping and transformational process. Using grounded theory methodology, six participants were interviewed over a period of 6 months. The findings, supportive of previous research, produced a preliminary model illustrating transformation as a gradual process. The core category was identified as “openness,” in that by being open (...) to others or to the “Transcendent,” the participants were able to let go and transform. It was theorized that openness, in this sense, enables acceptance of material deriving from a realm of self beyond the everyday ego. Indeed, such a journey of transformation crucially seems to entail expanding the conception of self beyond customary limits. Understood in this way, transformation may be conceptualized as a process of continual movement into the unconscious, where the totality of the self is awakened, resulting in a reinterpretation of life purpose. The consequences of the transformation for participants were positive in nature. The role that spirituality plays within the coping and transformation process was seen to manifest as being subtle and unfolding and/or supportive. (shrink)

kerekh 1. Mevoʼot ṿa-ḥalaḳim 1-3 -- kerekh 2. ḥeleḳ 4 ṿe-nispaḥim.

Les règles de la justice sont, d'après Friedrich Hayek, l'effet d'un ordre spontané et non de la volonté délibérée des hommes. Cette thèse renvoie à une conception de la règle abstraite et générale dont ce livre montre le lien avec les limites de la raison, l'abstraction constituant, selon Hayek, le moyen pour l'esprit de s'occuper d'une réalité que celui-ci ne peut entièrement comprendre. Une "primauté de l'abstrait" s'applique ainsi non seulement à l'ordre social - guidé par les règles abstraites de (...) la justice, mais également à l'ordre sensoriel, c'est-à-dire à notre perception du monde extérieur et aux dispositions à agir qui en résultent. Comment comprendre le lien entre cette primauté de l'abstrait et le libéralisme de Hayek, en particulier concernant sa conception de la "morale du marché" comme discipline des règles abstraites et son rejet de buts particuliers guidant l'action publique? Enfin, Hayek a-t-il eu raison d'attribuer au philosophe empiriste David Hume une telle conception de l'abstraction?"--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

_Le plaisir à l’épreuve de la pensée_ explores the idea of pleasure having to undergo philosophical _logos_ in the _Protagoras_, the _Gorgias_ and the _Philebus_.

Sébastien Doane Contrairement aux interprétations anthropocentriques du Cantique des cantiques qui lisent ses références non humaines comme des métaphores descriptives d’un couple humain, cet article propose de lire cet agencement poétique à partir des concepts de « rhizome » et de « visagéité » théorisés par les philosophes Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari. Ce paradigme de lecture permet de mieux valoriser l’hybridité interespèce propre aux visages des amants. La lecture rhizomique du Ct permet de décloisonner les frontières des identités humaines, (...) animales, végétales, minérales et architecturales. La fécondité de cette approche herméneutique est illustrée avec le motif particulier du « pommier » (Ct 2,3-6 ; 7,7-9 ; 8,5). Ultimement, cette expérience de lecture montre les limites du cloisonnement anthropocentrique de « la nature » et plaide pour une meilleure prise en compte de la multiplicité et de l’interconnectivité de la vie par la poésie biblique. (shrink)

In response to comments on my book, Being Realistic about Reasons, by Justin Clarke-Doane, David Enoch and Tristram McPherson, and Gideon Rosen, I try to clarify my domain-based view of ontology, my understanding of the epistemology of normative judgments, and my interpretation of the phenomenon of supervenience.

« Mais pourquoi diable les humains, sur leur petite planète bleue, s’intéressent-ils à ce point à moi, qui ne suis qu’un extraterrestre? » : telle est la question que pose un E. T. parmi tant d’autres, depuis l’espace intersidéral, à une autrice de science-fiction qui a transformé ce genre littéraire qu’est le space opéra et à un astrophysicien qui est aussi le président du plus grand festival de sciences et de science-fiction en France : les Utopiales à Nantes.

Un coup de dés jamais n'abolira le hasard, mais il suffit d'un seul pour le faire exister. Pour faire exister quoi, au juste? Certainement pas, hypostasiés, le hasard ou la fortune. Et si ce qu'on appelle hasard était coextensif aux innombrables coups de dés qui en relèvent? Y a-t-il d'abord, dans l'existence très en général, autre chose que des coups de dés (même s'ils se passent de dés et ne prennent pas forcément la forme de coups)? Localement, il semble bien (...) y avoir des nécessités ou, sur un autre plan, des mérites, mais que subsiste-t-il d'eux à l'échelle impensable de la pluralité des mondes? À remarquer qu'en tant que paysans, attachés au mieux à la localité terre, il est heureux que nous puissions essayer de nous raccrocher à quelque nécessité ou mérite, car vivre un "pur" hasard incessant risquerait fort de nous disloquer l'entendement et le reste. Mourir, c'est au moins devoir être arraché à notre échelle humaine (je ne me risquerai pas à dire que c'est en changer). Le problème, c'est que nous y tenons beaucoup à cette échelle, à cette mesure de toutes choses : aux aléas et aux nécessités, aux mérites et aux démérites, etc., de l'existence humaine. Il semble à nombre d'entre nous que cela vaut beaucoup mieux que rien, puisque mourir condamne pour eux à l'inexistence. "Rien" est ce drôle de mot qui, étymologiquement, dit la chose pour en arriver, dans notre langue, à dire la non-chose. Il suggère à sa façon que nous n'arrivons pas à penser la mort autrement que comme une négation de nos choses (êtres, affaires, faits, etc.). "Néant", si on s'en tient à son étymologie, est pire encore, car il peut signifier"non-race". Pourtant, nos choses sont bel et bien hasardeuses. Intégralement, aucune nécessité ne les ordonne et aucun mérite (ni démérite) n'en rend compte ; loin s'en faut. (shrink)