Results for 'D. Benjamin Barros'

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  1. Natural selection as a mechanism.D. Benjamin Barros - 2008 - Philosophy of Science 75 (3):306-322.
    Skipper and Millstein (2005) argued that existing conceptions of mechanisms failed to "get at" natural selection, but left open the possibility that a refined conception of mechanisms could resolve the problems that they identified. I respond to Skipper and Millstein, and argue that while many of their points have merit, their objections can be overcome and that natural selection can be characterized as a mechanism. In making this argument, I discuss the role of regularity in mechanisms, and develop an account (...)
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  2. Negative causation in causal and mechanistic explanation.D. Benjamin Barros - 2013 - Synthese 190 (3):449-469.
    Instances of negative causation—preventions, omissions, and the like—have long created philosophical worries. In this paper, I argue that concerns about negative causation can be addressed in the context of causal explanation generally, and mechanistic explanation specifically. The gravest concern about negative causation is that it exacerbates the problem of causal promiscuity—that is, the problem that arises when a particular account of causation identifies too many causes for a particular effect. In the explanatory context, the problem of promiscuity can be solved (...)
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  3.  4
    Igualdade – trajetórias de Uma noção no pensamento E no imaginário político.José D’Assunção Barros - 2007 - Revista de Filosofia Aurora 19 (24):147.
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  4.  33
    Reasons for worship: a response to Bayne and Nagasawa: BENJAMIN D. CROWE.Benjamin D. Crowe - 2007 - Religious Studies 43 (4):465-474.
    Worship is a topic that is rarely considered by philosophers of religion. In a recent paper, Tim Bayne and Yujin Nagasawa challenge this trend by offering an analysis of worship and by considering some difficulties attendant on the claim that worship is obligatory. I argue that their case for there being these difficulties is insufficiently supported. I offer two reasons that a theist might provide for the claim that worship is obligatory: a divine command, and the demands of justice with (...)
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  5.  17
    F. H. Jacobi on faith, or what it takes to be an irrationalist: BENJAMIN D. CROWE.Benjamin D. Crowe - 2009 - Religious Studies 45 (3):309-324.
    F. H. Jacobi , a key figure in the philosophical debates at the close of the eighteenth century in Germany, has long been regarded as an irrationalist for allegedly advocating a blind ‘leap of faith’. The central claim of this essay is that this venerable charge is misplaced. Following a reconstruction of what a charge of irrationalism might amount to, two of Jacobi's most important works, the Spinoza Letters and David Hume , are scrutinized for traces of irrationalism. Far from (...)
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  6.  15
    Religion and the ‘sensitive branch’ of human nature: BENJAMIN D. CROWE.Benjamin D. Crowe - 2010 - Religious Studies 46 (2):251-263.
    While the theses that human beings are primarily passional creatures and that religion is fundamentally a product of our sensible nature are both closely linked to David Hume, Hume's contemporary Henry Home, Lord Kames , also defended them and explored their implications. Importantly, Kames does not draw the same sceptical conclusions as does Hume. Employing a sophisticated account of the rationality of what he calls the ‘sensitive branch’ of human nature, Kames argues that religion plays a central role in the (...)
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  7. Iain D. Thomson, Heidegger on Ontotheology: Technology and the Politics of Education Reviewed by.Benjamin D. Crowe - 2006 - Philosophy in Review 26 (4):301-303.
     
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  8.  12
    Benjamin Liu, Medieval Joke Poetry: The “Cantigas d'escarnho e de mal dizer.” (Harvard Studies in Comparative Literature, 50.) Cambridge, Mass., and London: Harvard University Department of Comparative Literature, 2004. Pp. ix, 166. $45 (cloth); $27.50 (paper). Distributed by Harvard University Press. [REVIEW]Jesús D. Rodríguez Velasco - 2006 - Speculum 81 (4):1224-1225.
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  9. Smell's puzzling discrepancy: Gifted discrimination, yet pitiful identification.Benjamin D. Young - 2019 - Mind and Language 35 (1):90-114.
  10.  6
    Marcelo Dascal;, Victor D. Boantza . Controversies within the Scientific Revolution. vi + 287 pp., illus., index. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. €105, $158. [REVIEW]Peter Machamer & Benjamin Goldberg - 2013 - Isis 104 (2):394-395.
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  11.  15
    Benjamin Kidd: Portrait of a social darwinist : D.P. Crook , ix + 460 pp., £30.00. [REVIEW]D. M. Cregier - 1986 - History of European Ideas 7 (5):534-535.
  12. Smelling Molecular Structure.Benjamin D. Young - 2019 - In Dena Shottenkirk, Steven Gouveia & J. Curado (eds.), Perception, Cognition, and Aesthetics. Routledge Press. pp. 64-84.
    There is consensus within the chemosciences that olfactory perception is of the molecular structure of chemical compounds, yet within philosophical theories of smell there is little agreement about the nature of smell. The paper critically assesses the current state of debate regarding smells within philosophy in the hopes of setting it upon firm scientific footing. The theories to be covered are: Naïve Realism, Hedonic Theories, Process Theory, Odor Theories, and non-Objectivist Theories. The aforementioned theories will be evaluated based on their (...)
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  13.  93
    Smelling matter.Benjamin D. Young - 2016 - Philosophical Psychology 29 (4):1-18.
    While the objects of olfaction are intuitively individuated by reference to the ordinary objects from which they arise, this intuition does not accurately capture the complex nature of smells. Smells are neither ordinary three-dimensional objects, nor Platonic vapors, nor odors. Rather, smells are the molecular structures of chemical compounds within odor plumes. Molecular Structure Theory is offered as an account of smells, which can explain the nature of the external object of olfactory perception, what we experience as olfactory objects, and (...)
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  14. Perceiving Smellscapes.Benjamin D. Young - 2020 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 101 (2):203-223.
    We perceive smells as perduring complex entities within a distal array that might be conceived of as smellscapes. However, the philosophical orthodoxy of Odor Theories has been to deny that smells are perceived as having a distal location. Recent challenges have been mounted to Odor Theories’ veracity in handling the timescale of olfactory perception, how it individuates odors as a distal entities, and their claim that olfactory perception is not spatial. The paper does not aim to dispute these criticisms. Rather, (...)
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  15.  60
    Quality-space theory in olfaction.Benjamin D. Young, Andreas Keller & David Rosenthal - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
    Quality-space theory (QST) explains the nature of the mental qualities distinctive of perceptual states by appeal to their role in perceiving. QST is typically described in terms of the mental qualities that pertain to color. Here we apply QST to the olfactory modalities. Olfaction is in various respects more complex than vision, and so provides a useful test case for QST. To determine whether QST can deal with the challenges olfaction presents, we show how a quality space (QS) could be (...)
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  16.  9
    God Incarnate: Explorations in Christology. By Oliver D. Crisp. Pp. viii, 192, London, T&T Clark International, 2009, $39.95. [REVIEW]Benjamin D. Wayman - 2017 - Heythrop Journal 58 (1):156-157.
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  17.  7
    Crítica e interpretação: aproximando Benjamin e Gadamer.Bernardo Barros Coelho de Oliveira - 2008 - Natureza Humana 10 (1):129-146.
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  18. Olfactory Amodal Completion.Benjamin D. Young & Bence Nanay - 2021 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 103 (2):372-388.
    Amodal completion is the representation of those parts of the perceived object that we get no sensory stimulation from. While amodal completion is rife and plays an essential role in all sense modalities, philosophical discussions of this phenomenon have almost entirely been limited to vision. The aim of this paper is to examine in what sense we can talk about amodal completion in olfaction. We distinguish three different senses of amodal completion – spatial, temporal and feature-based completion – and argue (...)
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  19. The Many Problems of Distal Olfactory Perception.Benjamin D. Young - 2019 - In Tony Cheng, Ophelia Deroy & Charles Spence (eds.), Spatial Senses: Philosophy of Perception in an Age of Science. Routledge Press.
    The chapter unfolds in the following sections. The first section exam- ines the reasons for claiming that olfactory perception is spatially unstruc- tured and our experience of smells has an abstract structure. The second section elucidates the further arguments that olfaction cannot generate figure-ground segregation. The third section assesses the conclusion that olfactory perception and experience cannot solve the MPP. Following the overview of the many problems inherent to distal olfactory percep- tion, MST will be introduced as an alternative perspective (...)
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  20.  72
    Enactivism's Last Breaths.Benjamin D. Young - 2017 - In M. Curado & S. Gouveia (eds.), Contemporary Perspective in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge Scholars Press.
    Olfactory perception provides a promising test case for enactivism, since smelling involves actively sampling our surrounding environment by sniffing. Smelling deploys implicit skillful knowledge of how our movement and the airflow around us yield olfactory experiences. The hybrid nature of olfactory experience makes it an ideal test case for enactivism with its esteem for touch and theoretical roots in vision. Olfaction is like vision in facilitating the perception of distal objects, yet it requires us to breath in and physically contact (...)
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  21.  66
    Olfactory imagery: is exactly what it smells like.Benjamin D. Young - 2019 - Philosophical Studies 177 (11):3303-3327.
    Mental Imagery, whereby we experience aspect of a perceptual scene or perceptual object in the absence of direct sensory stimulation is ubiquitous. Often the existence of mental imagery is demonstrated by asking one’s reader to volitionally generate a visual object, such as closing ones eyes and imagining an apple. However, mental imagery also arises in auditory, tactile, interoceptive, and olfactory cases. A number of influential philosophical theories have attempted to explain mental imagery in terms of belief-based forms of representation using (...)
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  22. Odors: from chemical structures to gaseous plumes.Benjamin D. Young, James A. Escalon & Dennis Mathew - 2020 - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 111:19-29.
    We are immersed within an odorous sea of chemical currents that we parse into individual odors with complex structures. Odors have been posited as determined by the structural relation between the molecules that compose the chemical compounds and their interactions with the receptor site. But, naturally occurring smells are parsed from gaseous odor plumes. To give a comprehensive account of the nature of odors the chemosciences must account for these large distributed entities as well. We offer a focused review of (...)
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  23. Mind, Cognition, and Neuroscience: A Philosophical Introduction.Benjamin D. Young & Carolyn Dicey Jennings (eds.) - 2022 - Routledge.
    This carefully designed, multi-authored textbook covers a broad range of theoretical issues in cognitive science, psychology, and neuroscience. With accessible language, a uniform structure, and many pedagogical features, Mind, Cognition, and Neuroscience: A Philosophical Introduction is the best high-level overview of this area for an interdisciplinary readership of students. Written specifically for this volume by experts in their fields who are also experienced teachers, the book’s thirty chapters are organized into the following parts: I. Background Knowledge, II. Classical Debates, III. (...)
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  24.  12
    The Interactions of Rational, Pragmatic Agents Lead to Efficient Language Structure and Use.Benjamin N. Peloquin, Noah D. Goodman & Michael C. Frank - 2020 - Topics in Cognitive Science 12 (1):433-445.
    Despite their diversity, human languages share consistent properties and regularities. Wherefrom does this consistency arise? And does it tell us something about the problem that all languages need to solve? The authors provide an intriguing analyses which focuses on the “communicative function of ambiguity” whose resolution entailed an equally intriguing “speaker–listener cross‐entropy objective for measuring the efficiency of linguistic systems from first principles of efficient language use.”.
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  25.  32
    Theoretical Perspectives on Smell.Benjamin D. Young & Andreas Keller (eds.) - 2022 - Routledge.
    Theoretical Perspective on Smell is the first collection of scholarly articles to be devoted exclusively to philosophical research on olfaction. The essays, published here for the first time, bring together leading theorists working on smell in a format that allows for deep engagement with the emerging field, while also providing those new to the philosophy of smell with a resource to begin their journey. The volume’s 14 chapters are organized into four parts: -/- I. The Importance and Beauty of Smell (...)
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  26. The Athenian Year.Benjamin D. Meritt - 2022 - University of California Press.
    This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1961.
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  27.  61
    Formative Non-Conceptual Content.Benjamin D. Young - 2015 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 22 (5-6):201-214.
    The olfactory system processes smells in a structural manner that is unlike the composition of thoughts or language, suggesting that some of the content of our olfactory experiences are represented in a format that does not involve concepts. Consequently, formative non-conceptual content is offered as an alternative theory of non-conceptual content according to which the difference between conceptual and non-conceptual states is simply a matter of the format of their structural parts and relations within a system of representations. Aside from (...)
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  28.  57
    Smelling Phenomenal.Benjamin D. Young - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5:71431.
    Qualitative-consciousness arises at the sensory level of olfactory processing and pervades our experience of smells to the extent that qualitative character is maintained whenever we are aware of undergoing an olfactory experience. Building upon the distinction between Access and Phenomenal Consciousness the paper offers a nuanced distinction between Awareness and Qualitative-consciousness that is applicable to olfaction in a manner that is conceptual precise and empirically viable. Mounting empirical research is offered substantiating the applicability of the distinction to olfaction and showing (...)
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  29.  48
    Heidegger's Phenomenology of Religion: Realism and Cultural Criticism.Benjamin D. Crowe - 2007 - Indiana University Press.
    Throughout his long and controversial career, Martin Heidegger developed a substantial contribution to the phenomenology of religion. In Heidegger's Phenomenology of Religion, Benjamin D. Crowe examines the key concepts and developmental phases that characterized Heidegger's work. Crowe shows that Heidegger's account of the meaning and structure of religious life belongs to his larger project of exposing and criticizing the fundamental assumptions of late modern culture. He reveals Heidegger as a realist through careful readings of his views on religious attitudes (...)
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  30. Stinking Consciousness!Benjamin D. Young - 2012 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 19 (3-4):223-243.
    Contemporary neuroscientific theories of consciousness are typically based on the study of vision and have neglected olfaction. Several of these (e.g. Global Workspace Theories, the Information Integration theory, and the various theories offered by Crick and Koch) claim that a thalamic relay is necessary for consciousness. Studies on olfaction and the olfactory system's anatomical structure show this claim to be incorrect, thus showing these theories to be either false or inadequate as general and comprehensive accounts of consciousness. Attempts to rescue (...)
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  31.  15
    Heidegger's Religious Origins: Destruction and Authenticity.Benjamin D. Crowe - 2006 - Indiana University Press.
    Sheds new light on Heidegger's early theological development.
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  32.  11
    Une note de recherche sur « temps, loisirs et mobilités » Par Benjamin pradel – forum vies mobiles – Mars 2022.Benjamin Pradel - forthcoming - Rhuthmos.
    Benjamin Pradel, Forum Vies Mobiles, « Temps, loisirs et mobilités », Notes de recherches, Début : Mars 2022 - Fin : Mars 2022 Le Forum Vies Mobiles est un institut de recherche sur la mobilité qui prépare la transition vers des modes de vies plus désirés et durables. Cette note a pour objectif d'alimenter la réflexion portée par le Forum Vies Mobiles sur les mobilités et les rythmes de vie abordés par le prisme des loisirs et d'ouvrir des perspectives (...)
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  33.  49
    Olfactory Consciousness Across Disciplines.Benjamin D. Young & Andreas Keller (eds.) - 2015 - frontiers.
    Our sense of smell pervasively influences our most common behaviors and daily experience, yet little is known about olfactory consciousness. Over the past decade and a half research in both the fields of Consciousness Studies and Olfaction has blossomed, however, olfactory consciousness has received little to no attention. The olfactory systems unique anatomy, functional organization, sensory processes, and perceptual experiences offers a fecund area for exploring all aspects of consciousness, as well as a external perspective for re-examining the assumptions of (...)
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  34. Smelling Odors and Tasting Flavors: distinguishing orthonasal smell from retronasal olfaction.Benjamin D. Young - forthcoming - In Aleksandra Mroczko-Wasowicz & Rick Grush (eds.), Sensory individuals, properties, and perceptual objects: unimodal and multimodal perspectives. Oxford University Press.
    It is arguably the case that olfactory system contains two senses that share the same type of stimuli, sensory transduction mechanism, and processing centers. Yet, orthonasal and retronasal olfaction differ in their types of perceptible objects as individuated by their sensory qualities. What will be explored in this paper is how the account of orthonasal smell developed in the Molecular Structure Theory of smell can be expanded for retronasal olfaction (Young, 2016, 2019a-b, 2020). By considering the object of olfactory perception (...)
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  35. A SOM Model of First Language Lexical Attrition.Benjamin D. Zinszer & Ping Li - 2010 - In S. Ohlsson & R. Catrambone (eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society. pp. 2787--2792.
  36. Maybe we don’t smell Molecular Structure.Benjamin D. Young - forthcoming - In Andreas Keller & Benjamin D. Young (eds.), Theoretical Perspective on Smell. Routledge.
    Any comprehensive theory of smell must account for (1) the distal nature of smells, (2) how smells are represented within odorous experiences, and (3) the olfactory quality of smells. Molecular Structure Theory (MST) and more recent developments arguably provide an account of these questions. It has been argued that we can account for (3) olfactory quality in light of the molecular structure of chemical compounds that compose the odorant plumes which we perceive as (1) distal mereological complex perduring objects within (...)
     
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  37.  22
    Bayesian Word Learning in Multiple Language Environments.Benjamin D. Zinszer, Sebi V. Rolotti, Fan Li & Ping Li - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (S2):439-462.
    Infant language learners are faced with the difficult inductive problem of determining how new words map to novel or known objects in their environment. Bayesian inference models have been successful at using the sparse information available in natural child-directed speech to build candidate lexicons and infer speakers’ referential intentions. We begin by asking how a Bayesian model optimized for monolingual input generalizes to new monolingual or bilingual corpora and find that, especially in the case of the bilingual input, the model (...)
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  38.  9
    The Nineteenth Century Philosophy Reader.Benjamin D. Crowe (ed.) - 2015 - New York: Routledge.
    The nineteenth century was one of the most remarkable periods in the history of philosophy and a period of great intellectual, social and scientific change. Challenging philosophical thought of earlier centuries, it caused shock waves that lasted well into the twentieth century. The Nineteenth Century Philosophy Reader is an outstanding anthology of the great philosophical texts of the period and the first of its kind for many years. In presenting many of the major ideas expounded by philosophers of the nineteenth (...)
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  39. The gift of wonder.Benjamin D. Scott - 1923 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 4 (3):177.
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  40.  2
    Benjamin Kidd: Portrait of a Social Darwinist.D. P. Crook - 2009 - Cambridge University Press.
    This is an intellectual biography of Benjamin Kidd, a leading Social Darwinist in the years before World War I, and a social prophet in the tradition of Comte and Spencer. His first book Social Evolution, published in 1894, was an immediate and enormous success around the world. In it, Kidd developed a collectivist form of Social Darwinism in tune with the values of Progressivism in America and the 'new liberalism' in Britain. By many it was regarded as the basis (...)
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  41.  15
    No Sex or Age Difference in Dead-Reckoning Ability among Tsimane Forager-Horticulturalists.Benjamin C. Trumble, Steven J. C. Gaulin, Matt D. Dunbar, Hillard Kaplan & Michael Gurven - 2016 - Human Nature 27 (1):51-67.
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  42.  11
    Immunolocalisation of nucleoside transporters in human placental trophoblast and endothelial cells: evidence for multiple transporter isoforms.L. F. Barros, D. L. Yudilevich, Simon M. Jarvis, N. Beaumont, J. D. Young & S. A. Baldwin - unknown
    Polyclonal antibodies raised against the human erythrocyte nucleoside transporter were used to investigate the distribution of the nucleoside transporters in the placenta. Immunoblots of brush-border membranes isolated from the human syncytiotrophoblast revealed a cross-reactive species that co-migrated with the erythrocyte nucleoside transporter as a broad band of apparent M 55,000. In contrast, no labelling was detected in basal membranes containing a similar number of equilibrative nucleoside transporters as assessed by nitrobenzylthioinosine -binding. The absence of cross-reactive epitopes in basal membranes and (...)
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  43.  24
    A função da angústia na metapsicologia freudiana.Lara Cristina D' Avila Lourenço, Milena de Barros Viana & Danúbia Cristina de Paula - 2011 - Natureza Humana 13 (1):65-83.
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    Unnoticed intrusions: Dissociations of meta-consciousness in thought suppression.Benjamin Baird, Jonathan Smallwood, Daniel Jf Fishman, Michael D. Mrazek & Jonathan W. Schooler - 2013 - Consciousness and Cognition 22 (3):1003-1012.
    The current research investigates the interaction between thought suppression and individuals’ explicit awareness of their thoughts. Participants in three experiments attempted to suppress thoughts of a prior romantic relationship and their success at doing so was measured using a combination of self-catching and experience-sampling. In addition to thoughts that individuals spontaneously noticed, individuals were frequently caught engaging in thoughts of their previous partner at experience-sampling probes. Furthermore, probe-caught thoughts were: associated with stronger decoupling of attention from the environment, more likely (...)
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  45. Stinking Philosophy! Smell Perception, Cognition, and Consciousness.Benjamin D. Young - forthcoming - Cambridge MA: MIT Press.
    Drawing upon interdisciplinary research to rectify the neglect shown to smell in contemporary philosophy Stinking Philosophy! demonstrates the importance of examining olfactory philosophy as its own area of research. The purpose of this books is not to shame philosophy for its stench rather over the course of more than a decade I have been arguing that studying smell provides a means of making lateral progress on a range of central debates in philosophy of mind and perception. The book weaves together (...)
     
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  46.  9
    Review of L. Shiner's Art Scents. [REVIEW]Benjamin D. Young - 2021 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews.
    Larry Shiner's book is a great exploratory sniff of the aesthetics of smell and the myriad types of odorific arts. Shiner does a fantastic job of introducing those unfamiliar with the subject matter to the use of smells as artwork, as well as their importance within aesthetic experiences across history and cultures. The book offers a pluralist conception of art that makes room for worldwide olfactory aesthetics, drawing on numerous historical and contemporary examples of scent arts, introductory olfactory neuroscience, and (...)
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  47.  1
    Review - Art Scents: Exploring the Aesthetics of Smell and the Olfactory Arts. [REVIEW]Benjamin D. Young - 2021 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews.
  48. Benjamin Hoadly: The Ethics of Sincerity.D. O. Thomas - 1996 - Enlightenment and Dissent 15:71-88.
     
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  49. Alex Benjamin Novikoff.D. Allchin - 2007 - In Noretta Koertge (ed.), New Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Thomson Gale. pp. 23--281.
  50.  30
    Benjamin, Desnos et la place d’Atget dans l'histoire de la photographie.Ricardo Ibarlucía - 2016 - Aisthesis: Pratiche, Linguaggi E Saperi Dell’Estetico 9 (1):135-151.
    This paper confronts the interpretations of Eugène Atget’s photography given by Robert Desnos and Walter Benjamin. In the first part, it discusses Atget’s reception among the surrealists, particularly his relationship with Man Ray and the publication of some of his views from Paris in Littérature and La Révolution surréaliste. The second part is focused on the paragraphs that Benjamin has devoted to Atget in “Short history of photography” and "The work of art in the age of its technological (...)
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