Ricoeur elaborates a trend of thought about history which shows that behind the analysis of the great periods or historical legalities, the notion of event [happening]remains obscured. From my point of view, the event is the undoubtedly haphazard irruption of an excess which causes the failure of constituted knowledge and obliges to construct a new truth of the situation, i.e., a new way of comprehending it. Ricoeur speaks of representance, and not of reference or representation. Representation being the hegemonic mode (...) of thought which accompanies the advent of modernity, in which the subject of conscience -which is after all always selfconscience- becomes grounding substance. From my point of view, the recoeurian concept of representance surpasses, the presentation/representation device, inasmuch as it gives all its power to what conceals itself form presentation. In fact, there is no relation of production o reduplication between historical narration and past events. The concept of representance distinguishes itself from that of representation because the reference to past is metaphoric. And this metaphor is characterized by a seeing as which has its correlate in a being as. It is a being and not being at the same time. In this article the concepts of event, representance trace and historical truth are bound toghether.Ricoeur elabora un pensamiento sobre la historia que muestra que tras el análisis de los grandes períodos o de legalidades históricas, queda oscurecida la noción de acontecimiento. Desde mi punto de vista, el acontecimiento es la irrupción, sin duda azarosa, de un exceso que hace fracasar los saberes constituidos y obliga a construir una nueva verdad de la situación, esto es, una nueva manera de entenderla. Ricoeur habla de representancia y no de referencia o representación. Siendo la representación el modo hegemónico del pensamiento que acompaña el advenimiento de la modernidad, en donde el sujeto de la conciencia -que en definitiva siempre es autoconciencia- se vuelve sustancia fundante, el concepto ricoeuriano de representancia, desde mi punto de vista, supera el dispositivo presentación/representación, en la medida en que le da toda su potencia a lo que se substrae a la presentación. En efecto, entre el relato histórico y los acontecimientos pasados no hay una relación de producción o reduplicación. El concepto de representancia se diferencia del de representación porque la referencia al pasado es metafórica. Y esta metáfora se caracteriza por un ver como que tiene su correlato en un ser como. Esta es la vez un ser y un no-ser. En este artículo, se vinculan los conceptos de acontecimiento, representancia, huella y verdad histórica. (shrink)

For Hobbes, the human nature is selfishness, and this is translated in individual isolation, or hostile attitude--"war of everything against all"--in effect, each one sees in himself his only purpose. In consequence, what pushes the main to join with other men in a stable and rigidly organized society as the state is, it is not the benevolence, but the reciprocal fear of the inevitable evil that constantly threaten the individual in his "natural state". For Schmitt, the political conflict and, in (...) last instance the war, is also inevitable, since behind its apparent valorative neutrality, it cannot hide its moral judgment about the necessary relation among war, politics and human nature. Schmitt has assumed that the only way of comprehending seriously the political phenomenon is to admit the evilness inherent to the human nature. (edited). (shrink)