Results for 'A. Heymans'

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  1.  35
    Dissociating Attention and Eye Movements in a Quantitative Analysis of Attention Allocation.Gene M. Heyman, Jaime Montemayor & Katherine A. Grisanzio - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  2.  36
    Children's reasoning about physics within and across ontological kinds.Gail D. Heyman, Ann T. Phillips & Susan A. Gelman - 2003 - Cognition 89 (1):43-61.
  3.  40
    Introducing a Method for Calculating the Allocation of Attention in a Cognitive “Two-Armed Bandit” Procedure: Probability Matching Gives Way to Maximizing.Gene M. Heyman, Katherine A. Grisanzio & Victor Liang - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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  4. New books. [REVIEW]A. E. Taylor, S. F., T. W. Levin, J. Adam, G. Heymans & C. A. F. Rhys Davids - 1897 - Mind 6 (23):420-435.
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  5.  28
    A cross-situational test of utility theory.Gene M. Heyman - 1983 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6 (2):324-324.
  6.  11
    Yoga revolution: building a practice of courage and compassion.Jivana Heyman - 2021 - Boulder, Colorado: Shambhala Publications.
    A path to personal and community liberation through yoga philosophy on service from yoga teacher, activist, and accessible yoga advocate Jivana Heyman. Yoga is now a mainstream form of exercise across the West, and it is time to address the dissonance between the superficial way yoga is currently being practiced and the depth of yoga's ancient universal spiritual teachings. In this clarion call to action, Jivana Heyman shares the ways that yoga is truly revolutionary--creating an inner revolution in our heart (...)
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  7.  83
    BDNF mediates improvements in executive function following a 1-year exercise intervention.Regina L. Leckie, Lauren E. Oberlin, Michelle W. Voss, Ruchika S. Prakash, Amanda Szabo-Reed, Laura Chaddock-Heyman, Siobhan M. Phillips, Neha P. Gothe, Emily Mailey, Victoria J. Vieira-Potter, Stephen A. Martin, Brandt D. Pence, Mingkuan Lin, Raja Parasuraman, Pamela M. Greenwood, Karl J. Fryxell, Jeffrey A. Woods, Edward McAuley, Arthur F. Kramer & Kirk I. Erickson - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  8.  54
    Resolving the contradictions of addiction.Gene M. Heyman - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):561-574.
    Research findings on addiction are contradictory. According to biographical records and widely used diagnostic manuals, addicts use drugs compulsively, meaning that drug use is out of control and independent of its aversive consequences. This account is supported by studies that show significant heritabilities for alcoholism and other addictions and by laboratory experiments in which repeated administration of addictive drugs caused changes in neural substrates associated with reward. Epidemiological and experimental data, however, show that the consequences of drug consumption can significantly (...)
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  9.  16
    Brain Network Modularity Predicts Improvements in Cognitive and Scholastic Performance in Children Involved in a Physical Activity Intervention.Laura Chaddock-Heyman, Timothy B. Weng, Caitlin Kienzler, Robert Weisshappel, Eric S. Drollette, Lauren B. Raine, Daniel R. Westfall, Shih-Chun Kao, Pauline Baniqued, Darla M. Castelli, Charles H. Hillman & Arthur F. Kramer - 2020 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14.
  10.  66
    Young Children's Trust in Overtly Misleading Advice.Gail D. Heyman, Lalida Sritanyaratana & Kimberly E. Vanderbilt - 2013 - Cognitive Science 37 (4):646-667.
    The ability of 3- and 4-year-old children to disregard advice from an overtly misleading informant was investigated across five studies (total n = 212). Previous studies have documented limitations in young children's ability to reject misleading advice. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that these limitations are primarily due to an inability to reject specific directions that are provided by others, rather than an inability to respond in a way that is opposite to what has been indicated by (...)
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  11.  31
    Optimization theory: A too narrow path.Gene M. Heyman - 1988 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11 (1):136-137.
  12.  13
    Health IT and Solo Practice: A Love-Hate Relationship.Joseph Heyman - 2010 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 38 (1):14-16.
    On April 1, 2001, I joined the world of Health Information Technology. I started a solo gynecology practice with no income and only expenses. I hired a medical assistant to be my front desk person and my clinical helper. I rented a smaller space than most physicians could use for this purpose because my plan was to use technology to avoid both chart storage as well as the people needed to maintain a medical record library.I hired a hospital employee to (...)
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  13.  44
    The sense of conscious will.Gene M. Heyman - 2004 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27 (5):663-664.
    Wegner's conclusion that conscious will is an illusion follows from a key omission in his analysis. Although he describes conscious will as an experience, akin to one of the senses, he omits its objective correlate. The degree to which behavior can be influenced by its consequences (voluntariness) provides an objective correlate for conscious will. With conscious will anchored to voluntariness, the illusion disappears.
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  14.  24
    Young Children Selectively Hide the Truth About Sensitive Topics.Gail D. Heyman, Xiao Pan Ding, Genyue Fu, Fen Xu, Brian J. Compton & Kang Lee - 2020 - Cognitive Science 44 (3):e12824.
    Starting in early childhood, children are socialized to be honest. However, they are also expected to avoid telling the truth in sensitive situations if doing so could be seen as inappropriate or impolite. Across two studies (total N = 358), the reasoning of 3‐ to 5‐year‐old children in such a scenario was investigated by manipulating whether the information in question would be helpful to the recipient. The studies used a reverse rouge paradigm, in which a confederate with a highly salient (...)
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  15.  15
    Aspiration fuels willpower: Evidence from the addiction literature.Gene M. Heyman - 2021 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 44.
    Ainslie identifies two possible motivational sources for resolve: “thinking categorically” and “intertemporal bargaining.” Ainslie opts for intertemporal bargaining, adding that thinking categorically has no motivational power. The most researched instance of willpower is remission from addiction. This literature shows that aspirations for a more desirable identity and comfortable lifestyle motivate remission. In other words, “thinking categorically” drives willpower.
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  16.  43
    Children's Sensitivity to Ulterior Motives When Evaluating Prosocial Behavior.Gail Heyman, David Barner, Jennifer Heumann & Lauren Schenck - 2014 - Cognitive Science 38 (4):683-700.
    Reasoning about ulterior motives was investigated among children ages 6–10 years (total N = 119). In each of two studies, participants were told about children who offered gifts to peers who needed help. Each giver chose to present a gift in either a public setting, which is consistent with having an ulterior motive to enhance one's reputation, or in a private setting, which is not consistent with having an ulterior motive. In each study, the 6- to 7-year olds showed no (...)
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  17.  10
    A qualitative approach to health risk management.Bob Heyman - 2005 - In Roger Bibace (ed.), Science and medicine in dialogue: thinking through particulars and universals. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. pp. 65.
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  18. Addiction: An Emergent Consequence of Elementary Choice Principles.Gene M. Heyman - 2013 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 56 (5):428 - 445.
    ABSTRACT Clinicians, researchers and the informed public have come to view addiction as a brain disease. However, in nature even extreme events often reflect normal processes, for instance the principles of plate tectonics explain earthquakes as well as the gradual changes in the face of the earth. In the same way, excessive drug use is predicted by general principles of choice. One of the implications of this result is that drugs do not turn addicts into compulsive drug users; they retain (...)
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  19.  26
    Dutch Nurses' Views on Codes of Ethics.Regien Heymans, Arie van der Arend & Chris Gastmans - 2007 - Nursing Ethics 14 (2):156-170.
    This study explored the experiences and views of Dutch nurses on the content, function, dissemination and implementation of their codes of ethics. A total of 39 participants, who differed in age, qualifications, length of work experience and health care setting, took part in focus groups. The findings revealed common unfamiliarity with and a rather implicit use of codes, and negative comments on the growing number of codes available in the Netherlands. Limited dissemination, implementation and functioning of codes of ethics were (...)
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  20. Myowa-Yamakoshi, M., B53 Paterson, KB, 263 Phillips, AT, 43 Plesa-Skwerer, D., 11 Poeppel, D., B27.N. Dumay, S. Faja, J. Feldman, R. Filik, M. G. Gaskell, S. A. Gelman, T. P. German, G. D. Heyman, R. M. Joseph & B. Keysar - 2003 - Cognition 89:295.
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  21.  48
    Boekbesprekingen.P. Ahsmann, J. De Fraine, J. Volckaert, P. Smulders, P. Ploumen, S. Trooster, L. Monden, J. Mulders, J. Van Torre, A. Van Kol, J. Beyer, A. Heymans, I. De la Potterie, J. Rupert, P. Grootens, M. Dierickx, P. Van Doornik, J. Houben, F. De Raedemaeker, L. Vander Kerken, L. Steins Bisschop, R. Hostie, J. Kijm & W. Sormani - 1957 - Bijdragen 18 (4):414-448.
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  22.  12
    Personality and Its Partisan Political Correlates Predict U.S. State Differences in Covid-19 Policies and Mask Wearing Percentages.Gene M. Heyman - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    A central feature of the Covid-19 pandemic is state differences. Some state Governors closed all but essential businesses, others did not. In some states, most of the population wore face coverings when in public; in other states, <50% wore face coverings. According to journalists, these differences were symptomatic of a politically polarized America. The Big 5 personality factors also cluster at the state level. For example, residents of Utah score high on Conscientiousness and low on Neuroticism, whereas residents of Massachusetts (...)
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  23.  17
    Calculated Comparisons: Manufacturing Societal Causal Judgments by Implying Different Counterfactual Outcomes.Jamie Amemiya, Gail D. Heyman & Caren M. Walker - 2024 - Cognitive Science 48 (2):e13408.
    How do people come to opposite causal judgments about societal problems, such as whether a public health policy reduced COVID‐19 cases? The current research tests an understudied cognitive mechanism in which people may agree about what actually happened (e.g., that a public health policy was implemented and COVID‐19 cases declined), but can be made to disagree about the counterfactual, or what would have happened otherwise (e.g., whether COVID‐19 cases would have declined naturally without intervention) via comparison cases. Across two preregistered (...)
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  24.  68
    Dual and non-dual ontology in Satre and Mahāyāna Buddhism.Derek K. Heyman - 1997 - Man and World 30 (4):431-443.
    This paper examines Sartre's dualistic ontology in the light of the non-duality asserted by Mahayana Buddhism. In the first section, I show, against the objection of Hazel E. Barnes, that Sartre and Buddhism have comparable theories of consciousness. The second section discusses Steven W. Laycock's use of Zen philosophy to solve the Sartrean metaphysical problem regarding the origin of being for-itself. This solution involves rejecting the ontological priority of being in-itself in favor of the Buddhist understanding of interdependent origination (pratitya-samutpada) (...)
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  25.  41
    The Legitimacy of Capital Punishment in Hegel’s Philosophy of Right.Steven J. Heyman - 1996 - The Owl of Minerva 27 (2):175-180.
    At the end of the first part of the Philosophy of Right, Hegel outlines a retributivist theory of criminal punishment. According to this view, crime is an infringement of right, a negation which itself must be negated in order to establish the actuality of right. Crime is superseded through punishment, which inflicts on the criminal an injury that is equal in magnitude or “value” to the injury inflicted by the crime itself. Nothing in this account appears to foreclose the possibility (...)
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  26.  21
    On principally generated quantaloid-modules in general, and skew local homeomorphisms in particular.Hans Heymans & Isar Stubbe - 2010 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 161 (1):43-65.
    Ordered sheaves on a small quantaloid have been defined in terms of -enriched categorical structures; they form a locally ordered category . The free-cocompletion KZ-doctrine on has , the quantaloid of -modules, as its category of Eilenberg–Moore algebras. In this paper we give an intrinsic description of the Kleisli algebras: we call them the locally principally generated -modules. We deduce that is biequivalent to the 2-category of locally principally generated -modules and left adjoint module morphisms. The example of locally principally (...)
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  27.  24
    Which behavioral consequences matter? The importance of frame of reference in explaining addiction.Gene M. Heyman - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):599-610.
    The target article emphasizes the relationship between a matching law-based theory of addiction and the disease model of addiction. In contrast, this response emphasizes the relationship between the matching law theory and other behavioral approaches to addiction. The basic difference, I argue, is that the matching law specifies that choice is governed by local reinforcement rates. In contrast, economics says that overall reinforcement rate controls choice, and for other approaches there are other measures or no clear prediction at all. The (...)
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  28.  21
    Schoolchildren’s transitive reasoning with the spatial relation ‘is left/right of’.Kevin Demiddele, Tom Heyman & Walter Schaeken - forthcoming - Thinking and Reasoning:1-31.
    We examine schoolchildren’s reasoning with spatial relations, such as ‘is to the left of’. Our aims are to obtain a more precise account of the effect of working memory on reasoning, a more detaile...
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  29.  18
    The Impact of Differential Parenting: Study Protocol on a Longitudinal Study Investigating Child and Parent Factors on Children’s Psychosocial Health in Hong Kong.Catalina Sau Man Ng, Ming Ming Chiu, Qing Zhou & Gail Heyman - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11:524556.
    Adolescents who believe that their parents treat them differently from their siblings have poorer psychosocial well-being than otherwise. This phenomenon, which is known as parental differential treatment or PDT occurs in up to 65% of families. Past studies have examined socio-demographic variables (e.g., child gender, age, and birth order) as predictors of PDT, but these immutable characteristics do little to inform interventions and help these adolescents. Hence, this study extends past research by investigating links among parent empathy, parent perception of (...)
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  30.  54
    Book Review Section 1. [REVIEW]Steven I. Miller, Frank A. Stone, William K. Medlin, Clinton Collins, W. Robert Morford, Marc Belth, John T. Abrahamson, Albert W. Vogel, J. Don Reeves, Richard D. Heyman, K. Armitage, Stewart E. Fraser, Edward R. Beauchamp, Clark C. Gill, Edward J. Nemeth, Gordon C. Ruscoe, Charles H. Lyons, Douglas N. Jackson, Bemman N. Phillips, Melvin L. Silberman, Charles E. Pascal, Richard E. Ripple, Harold Cook, Morris L. Bigge, Irene Athey, Sandra Gadell, John Gadell, Daniel S. Parkinson, Nyal D. Royse & Isaac Brown - 1972 - Educational Studies 3 (1):1-28.
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  31.  27
    Heyman's steady-state theory of addiction.Stuart A. Vyse - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):598-599.
    Heyman's target article contributes to our understanding of addictions by offering solutions to several paradoxes and by recognizing the stable nature of addictive behavior. Previous classical and operant conditioning models have emphasized molecular processes, such as acquisition and extinction, and have failed to address the aggregate effects of long-term exposure to the contingencies of drug and alcohol use.
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  32.  48
    Boekbesprekingen. [REVIEW]J. De Fraine, P. Fransen, P. Ahsmann, E. Huger, P. Smulders, R. Leys, A. Ampe, J. Vanneste, P. Ploumen, J. De Cock, J. Mulders, P. van Doornik, A. Heymans, W. Boelens, J. H. Nota, Huffer, L. Steins Bisschop, L. Van Bladel, M. De Tollenaere, Th F. Geraets, H. van Luijk, J. Kerkhofs, R. Hostie, J. Van Torre, P. Torfs & J. Lambrecht - 1959 - Bijdragen 20 (3):308-344.
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  33.  60
    The Value of Nurses' Codes: European nurses' views.Win Tadd, Angela Clarke, Llynos Lloyd, Helena Leino-Kilpi, Camilla Strandell, Chryssoula Lemonidou, Konstantinos Petsios, Roberta Sala, Gaia Barazzetti, Stefania Radaelli, Zbigniew Zalewski, Anna Bialecka, Arie van der Arend & Regien Heymans - 2006 - Nursing Ethics 13 (4):376-393.
    Nurses are responsible for the well-being and quality of life of many people, and therefore must meet high standards of technical and ethical competence. The most common form of ethical guidance is a code of ethics/professional practice; however, little research on how codes are viewed or used in practice has been undertaken. This study, carried out in six European countries, explored nurses’ opinions of the content and function of codes and their use in nursing practice. A total of 49 focus (...)
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  34. HEYMANS, G. - Einführung in die Ethik auf Grundlage der Erfahrung. [REVIEW]A. E. Taylor - 1916 - Mind 25:375.
     
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  35.  2
    Heymans' cube.Rinske R. Vermeij - 2023 - Groningen, The Netherlands: University of Groningen Press. Edited by Corné H. F. L. Vroomen.
    Gerard Heymans (1857-1930) was the founder of psychology in the Netherlands, and established the first psychological laboratory. After becoming professor, he first looked for general psychological laws, and later became interested in how people differ. Heymans investigated this question by studying biographies and collecting survey data. With this rigorous approach that far exceeded the standards of his time, he arrived at three basic dimensions in which people can vary in their temperament. This became the renowned 'Heymans' Cube'. (...)
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  36.  27
    Stimulus factors in addiction.John A. Nevin - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):590-591.
    Heyman's analysis of addiction in terms of matching to local relative value can be supplemented by stimulus-control processes. Stimulus equivalence can broaden the set of situations that occasion addictive behavior, and the situation-reinforcer correlation can enhance its persistence. The joint effects of stimulus-control and reinforcement processes may complicate treatment.
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  37.  36
    Positive reinforcement, the matching law and morality.William A. McKim - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):587-588.
    Addictive behavior has never seemed rational because it persists in spite of drastic aversive consequences. This is a particular problem for models of addiction such as operant psychology which hold that behavior is controlled by its consequences. Inspite of claims to the contrary, Heymans target article illustrates how operant psychology resolves this contradiction. By using the matching law, Heyman suggests a mechanism that explains why delayed aversive events may not control behavior, and a conceptual framework in which we can (...)
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  38.  24
    Structural Analysis: A Historical Approach. Jacques Heyman.Henry Petroski - 1999 - Isis 90 (2):353-354.
  39.  18
    Response independence, matching and maximizing: A reply to Heyman.J. E. Staddon & Susan Motheral - 1979 - Psychological Review 86 (5):501-505.
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  40.  42
    The Legitimacy of Capital Punishment in Hegel’s Philosophy of Right: A Reply to Heyman.Andy Hetherington - 1996 - The Owl of Minerva 27 (2):167-174.
    Hegel does not directly examine the legitimacy of capital punishment in the Philosophy of Right. There is an implication of vengeful death in the endless retribution that characterizes abstract right, and also in the potential carnage that can result from non-compliance with the prevailing order in a society based upon morality; but in terms of just punishment, which can only occur in the state, Hegel is silent on the matter of the death penalty. It is mentioned occasionally in the “additions” (...)
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  41.  20
    The concept of the threshold and Heymans' law of inhibition. II. Correlation of the visual threshold and Heymans' coefficient of inhibition in a single individual with uniocular vision. [REVIEW]L. T. Spencer & L. H. Cohen - 1928 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 11 (3):194.
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  42.  18
    A scientific fix for the classical account of addiction.Jeffrey Foss - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):579-579.
    Heyman's two crucial theses are that people over-value immediate rewards, and that addictive substances “subvert the value of competing commodities.” These perennial ideas were discussed by Plato. Whereas Heyman provides scientific clarification and support for the first, the second remains problematic. I outline how this deficiency might be remedied via evolutionary considerations.
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  43.  23
    The behavioral economics of addiction: A comprehensive alternative.Edmund Fantino - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):578-579.
    Heyman's target article makes a strong case for a behavioral approach to addiction, yet some important assumptions require justification, and promising behavioral alternatives to the author's melioration approach should be considered. In particular, the behavioral economic approach to addiction appears well developed and comprehensive. How does the melioration approach complement or improve on a behavioral economic account?
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  44.  23
    Who determines the value of drug-taking behavior? Cultural considerations for a theory of behavioral choice.Riley E. Hinson - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):580-581.
    Heyman's analysis of addiction suggests that drug taking is irrational. The irrationality of drug taking, however, may depend on the acceptance of mainstream society's view of what is valuable. Consideration of the addict's viewpoint and cultural aspects of drug taking may be useful in trying to fathom the “rationality” of drug taking.
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  45.  26
    Addiction requires philosophical explanation, not mere redescription.Christian Perring - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):592-593.
    Heyman's model explains the irrationality of addictive behavior, but it does not satisfactorily answer the question of whether this behavior is voluntary because it does not address the issue of the choice of preference functions. Furthermore, although Heyman disconfirms the disease model of addiction, this does not resolve the issue of whether addiction should be classified as a mental illness.
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  46.  32
    Is melioration the addiction theory of choice?Robert J. MacCoun - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):586-587.
    Heyman makes a convincing case that a melioration choice strategy is sufficient to produce addictive behavior. But given a plethora of addiction theories, the question is whether melioration theory is superior to rivals more sophisticated than a simple disease model or operant conditioning account. Heyman offers little direct evidence that melioration actually causes the addictions we observe.
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  47.  25
    The Janus faces of addiction.Peter Shizgal - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):595-596.
    Heyman proposes that external stimuli can promote a switch from a local to a global frame of reference for evaluating the consequences of behavior and that such a change might be critical to breaking the grip of drag addiction. Could incentive stimuli promote a switch in the opposite direction and thus contribute to relapse in the recovered addict?
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  48.  11
    In search of the relevant behavioral variables.Joseph J. Plaud - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):593-594.
    Heyman s analysis of the relevant complex behavioral variables associated with addiction is evaluated in relation to identifying the appropriate variables in behavior analysis. The model of behavioral allocation and choice known as melioration, discussed by Heyman as a way to understand the complexities of addiction, is examined and contrasted with another model of matching called ratio invariance, which is offered in this commentary as another behavioral account with a significant potential for resolving the contradictions of addiction.
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  49.  38
    Matching and melioration as accounts of reinforcement and drug addiction.Marc N. Branch - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):577-578.
    Heyman's view that addiction can be viewed as a natural outcome predictable by melioration and the matching law is provocative. Remaining to be explained more fully, however, are exactly how his view is an improvement on other reinforcement-based accounts. Included in these elaborations should be an account of how different “bookkeeping schemes” are developed and controlled and what new approaches to treatment and prevention of drug addiction are indicated.
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  50.  29
    Addiction is not as puzzling as it seems.Jim Orford - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):591-592.
    Heyman's target article seeks to resolve the apparent paradox surrounding the issue of control in relation to addictive behaviour. The present commentary argues that addiction is in fact less paradoxical and more easily understandable than Heyman supposes. A fully satisfactory model of addiction, however, requires a more multifaceted approach than that provided by the type of behavioural choice theory favoured by Heyman.
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