Il valore dell’uguaglianza nella prospettiva del diritto [The value of the equality in the perspective of the right]

la Società Degli Individui 42 (2011)
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Abstract

L’uguaglianza, ideale filosofico centrale nel pensiero occidentale moderno, è divenuta un principio fondamentale degli ordinamenti giuridici attuali. La filosofia del diritto offre dunque un’angolatura privilegiata per esaminare alcuni interrogativi teorici posti da questo concetto. L’uguaglianza tra le persone è un presupposto morale o un obiettivo politico? Quale relazione intercorre tra uguaglianza e diversità? Sono fatti o valori? Quali disuguaglianze sono ingiuste? Che cosa significa giuridicamente trattare le persone ‘come uguali’? Il divieto di discriminazione può essere giustificato sulla base del principio di uguaglianza quale fondamento dei diritti individuali o quale fondamento della comunità politica.Equality, a basic philosophical idea in modern Western thought, has become a fundamental principle in contemporary legal systems. Philosophy of law offers therefore a significant perspective in order to consider some theoretical issues arising from this concept. Is equality of human beings a moral assumption or a political goal? What kind of relationship exists between equality and diversity? Are they facts or values? What inequalities are unjust? What does it mean, from a legal point of view, to treat people ‘as equals’? The prohibition of discrimination can be justified in the name of the principle of equality as a foundation of the individual rights or as a foundation of the political community

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