Ethics in Pharmacy Practice: A Practical Guide

Springer Verlag (2021)
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Abstract

This textbook offers a unique and accessible approach to ethical decision-making for practicing pharmacists and student pharmacists. Unlike other texts, it gives clear guidance based on the fundamental principles of moral philosophy, explaining them in simple language and illustrating them with abundant clinical examples and case studies. The strength of this text is in its emphasis on normative ethics and critical thinking, and that there is truly a best answer in the vast majority of cases, no matter how complex. The authors place high trust in a pharmacist’s moral judgment. This teaches the reader how to think, based on ethical principles, not necessarily what to think. This means navigating between the two extremes of overly theoretical and excessively prescriptive. The cogent framework given in this text uses the language of competing duties, identifying the moral principles at stake that create duties for the pharmacist. This is the balancing act of normative ethics, and of deciding which duties should prevail in a given clinical situation. This work presents a clear-cut pathway for resolving ethical dilemmas encountered by pharmacists, based on foundational principles and critical thinking. Presents a clear-cut pathway for resolving the ethical dilemmas encountered by pharmacists, based on foundational principles and critical thinking. Jon E. Sprague, RPh, PhD, Director of Science and Research for the Ohio Attorney General.

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Chapters

Clinical Ethics in Historical Context, Part III

As we saw in the preceding chapter, the highly questionable theory of eugenics began to fall out of favor in the United States in the 1930s, for two main reasons: the increasing scientific sophistication of genetics made previous eugenics assumptions untenable, and the terrible abuses of the Nazis c... see more

Ethics at the End of Life – Part II

Our last chapter focused on time-honored ethical standards for ethics at the end of life. We now turn to some much more controversial concerns: assisted suicide and pharmacist participation in lethal injection.

Pharmacy Professionalism

The first six chapters of our text laid the ethical foundations for modern pharmacy practice. We considered fundamental ethical theories as well as competing ideas of human value. We then reviewed clinical ethics in historical context, beginning with the ancient traditions of the Hippocratic Oath, t... see more

Clinical Ethics in Historical Context, Part II

In the previous chapter, our discussion centered on the Hippocratic principles that undergird modern medical principlism, namely beneficence, non-maleficence, distributive justice, and the more recent idea of personal autonomy, which comes from the eighteenth century. As these theoretical concepts a... see more

Human Value and Human Dignity

Having introduced the major ethical theories, we now turn to a discussion of human value. Why should pharmacists and pharmacy students care about this historical debate? The reason is simple: the pharmacy profession is relational. Recent surveys have consistently shown that students enter the pharma... see more

Reproductive Ethics

Having laid the philosophical and historical groundwork for the ethics of pharmacy practice, we now turn to Section II of this text, where we consider specific issues and cases. We begin our discussion with reproductive ethics, which includes some of the most contentious topics of our modern era: co... see more

Introduction

Ethics in Pharmacy Practice: A Practical Guide offers a unique and accessible approach to ethical decision-making for practicing pharmacists and student pharmacists. Unlike other texts, it gives clear guidance based on the fundamental principles of moral philosophy, explaining them in simple languag... see more

Ethics at the End of Life – Part I

We turn now from the beginning of life and reproductive ethics to the other end of the spectrum, when physical life nears its conclusion. The care of terminal patients is often complicated and ethically challenging, as the focus of the healthcare interaction must necessarily change from cure to comf... see more

Rights of Conscience

So far, this text has focused on normative ethics principles on which pharmacists generally agree. These concepts form the basis of a widely-held consensus on professionalism. But what happens when an individual pharmacist is confronted with a prescription or treatment directive that runs counter to... see more

Vaccines, Resource Allocation, and Unproven Treatments

So far, this text has examined the foundations of ethical practice in history and professionalism. We then considered several specific topics: reproductive ethics, end of life, and conscience rights. This chapter will focus on certain specific additional topics not previously discussed. We’ll begin ... see more

Clinical Ethics in Historical Context, Part I

No historical account of healthcare ethics can fail to mention the enormous influence of Hippocrates on the practice of modern medicine. The ancient Hippocratic Oath, written either by the great doctor himself or his followers, is relatively short. Still, it contains three of the four core ethical t... see more

Genetic Ethics and Other Cutting-Edge Issues

Having examined foundational principles, specific issues, and practical case scenarios, we now turn to the future. In this final chapter, we will consider some vexing modern questions from the arena of genetics. We will then conclude by mentioning a few newer issues that have not yet received a thor... see more

Case Studies and Policy Scenarios

So far, this text has presented the foundational principles of pharmacy ethics, followed by clinical applications in a variety of domains: reproductive ethics, end-of-life, conscience claims, vaccines, pandemics, and community pharmacies. It is now time for you, the reader, to begin integrating thes... see more

Basic Ethical Theory

Any study of professional ethics must begin with the basics, so this chapter will open with the question, “What is ethics?” The word ethics is a generic term that could mean many things but generally refers to the study of principles of right and wrong behavior . A synonym for ethics is moral philos... see more

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