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Relativism and Post-Truth in Contemporary Society: Possibilities and Challenges
Cham: Springer Verlag (2018)
Abstract
This book approaches post-truth and relativism in a multidisciplinary fashion. Researchers from astrophysics, philosophy, psychology, media studies, religious studies, anthropology, social epistemology and sociology discuss and analyse the impact of relativism and post-truth both within the academy and in society at large. The motivation for this multidisciplinary approach is that relativism and post-truth are multifaceted phenomena with complex histories that have played out differently in different areas of society and different academic disciplines. There is hence a multitude of ways in which to use and understand the concepts and the phenomena to which they refer, and a multitude of critiques and defenses as well. No single volume can capture the ongoing discussions in different areas in all their complexity, but the different chapters of the book can function as exemplifications of the ramifications these phenomena have had.Author Profiles
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Chapters
Scientism and Utopia: New Atheism as a Fundamentalist Reaction to Relativism
The New Atheism movement has generally been understood as a reaction to fundamentalism, but LeDrew argues that it is just as importantly a reaction to two other features of late modern culture: multiculturalism or cultural relativism and ‘postmodernism’ or epistemic relativism , which are both perce... see more
Relativism as a Challenge to Religion: Christianity, Truth and the “Dictatorship of Relativism”
Why is relativism perceived to be a danger to Christianity and even to the whole Western world? What is it that the former pope, Benedict XVI, in particular, thinks is so deeply problematic about relativism? In this chapter, Stenmark offers reasons why Benedict might be correct in thinking that a ne... see more
The Barbarian in Rome and the Cultural Relativism Debate
After a brief discussion of the way critique of cultural relativism today often is part of anti-liberal and ultranationalist stances in public debates, Mattias Gardell goes on to trace the concept’s historical roots in cultural anthropology. He points out that whereas in contemporary society, cultur... see more
Critique of Human Rights Universalism
This chapter offers a critical analysis of several forms of skepticism toward human rights universality. What is the substance of the critique of human rights universalism? To what extent is this critique a form of relativism? Is such relativism preferable to universalism?It is argued that a reasona... see more
Mental Health Diagnosis: Is It Relative or Universal in Relation to Culture?
In focus is the debate on mental health related to universalism and relativism concerning the nature and function culture plays in diagnosis, primarily through analysis of the changes in the mental health diagnostic system: the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . Clinicians use t... see more
On Extrapolation in Trans-Cultural Dialogues: The Example of the Use of Einstein’s Theories of Relativity in the Discourse of Relativism
When the theories of relativity were presented during the first two decades of the twentieth century, and subsequently found successful in matching observational tests, there was considerable discussion on its relevance and implications outside the realm of physics, astronomy and cosmology, with imp... see more
A Theory of Evolution of Religious Knowledge in a Post-Revolutionary Iran: And a New Frontier for Sociology of Knowledge
Abdolkarim Soroush is a prominent figure in the religious intellectualism movement in post-revolutionary Iran. In 1991, he published a controversial book, The Theoretical Contraction and Expansion of the Sacred Law, on the social evolution of religious and non-religious types of knowledge, as well a... see more
Post-Truth, Social Media, and the “Real” as Phantasm
This chapter will examine social media as an apparatus that implodes the concept of “truth” and allows the creation of regimes of political discourse that are purposefully at a distance from what are traditionally framed as “facts”. It argues that culture has accepted the online presence of a phenom... see more
Postmodern Relativism as Enlightened Pluralism
Reasonable relativism, the view that judgments ought to be contextualized and that the contexts themselves keep realigning as such acts of judgments are undertaken, anchors a certain variant of postmodernism, the one explored here. Eschewing radical relativism with its nihilism on the one end of the... see more
Relativism Versus Absolutism: The Sense of Relativism That Leibniz and Hegel Grasped but Plato Didn’t
Fuller argues that relativism as a philosophical position has two potential opponents: universalism and absolutism. The former is much more widely discussed than the latter, but the latter is ultimately of greater normative interest. The relativist refutation of universalism is simply that locally p... see more
Introduction: Engaging Relativism and Post-Truth
In this chapter, Zackariasson offers some background to the contemporary discussions of relativism and post-truth in academic as well as public debate. He discusses the factual and normative factors that together form part of what we can call a dynamic of relativization—a dynamic that increasingly p... see more
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Citations of this work
The Crisis of Ideology of Universal Mind as a Challenge to the Social Structure of Modernity.A. V. Belokobylskyi - 2019 - Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 62 (3):124-133.
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