Abstract

Bio-inspired design refers to the use of the natural world as a source of models for the design of artifacts. For example, Velcro is a fastening system made from nylon that deliberately imitates the structure of burrs, which are adapted to stick to animal fur. In general, in selecting and adapting models to design problems, designers can also seek to satisfy their ideological goals. That is, designers seek not only to solve technical problems but also to respect and promote professional and societal values that they find important. This observation applies to bio-inspired design. This paper examines two ideologies that are present in bio-inspired design. The first ideology examined is biomimicry, on which the natural world is characterized as the result of natural selection, a competition for survival that produces rugged and individualistic organisms. The second ideology is biosynergism, on which the natural world is characterized as interdependent systems integrated into a larger whole that operates in a sustainable manner. Both of these ideologies are explicated and their effects on design work examined.