Abstract

One of the crucial elements of philosophising at the beginning of the twentieth century is the problem of grounding of philosophy. Representatives of neo-Kantianism fit in with this trend. They try to describe the grounding of philosophy by referring to the philosophy of Kant. That, however, raises a number of difficulties of interpretation that result from the appearing possibilities of interpretation. The article is an attempt to show the efforts of Hermann Cohen, who emphasized the importance of transcendental deduction and transcendental apperception in Kant’s system. In accordance with the thesis of Fichte, Cohen searches for a basis that would allow building a system of knowledge and finds it is the concept of hypothesis.