'You have to put a lot of trust in me': autonomy, trust, and trustworthiness in the context of mobile apps for mental health

Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 26 (3):313-324 (2023)
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Abstract

Trust and trustworthiness are essential for good healthcare, especially in mental healthcare. New technologies, such as mobile health apps, can affect trust relationships. In mental health, some apps need the trust of their users for therapeutic efficacy and explicitly ask for it, for example, through an avatar. Suppose an artificial character in an app delivers healthcare. In that case, the following questions arise: Whom does the user direct their trust to? Whether and when can an avatar be considered trustworthy? Our study aims to analyze different dimensions of trustworthiness in the context of mobile health app use. We integrate O'Neill's account of autonomy, trust, and trustworthiness into a model of trustworthiness as a relational concept with four relata: B is trustworthy with respect to A regarding the performance of Z because of C. Together with O'Neill's criteria of trustworthiness (honesty, competence, and reliability), this four-sided model is used to analyze different dimensions of trustworthiness in an exemplary case of mobile health app use. Our example focuses on an app that uses an avatar and is intended to treat sleep difficulties. The conceptual analysis shows that interpreting trust and trustworthiness in health app use is multi-layered and involves a net of interwoven universal obligations. At the same time, O'Neill's approach to autonomy, trust, and trustworthiness offers a normative account to structure and analyze these complex relations of trust and trustworthiness using mobile health apps.

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Author Profiles

Regina Müller
Institute of Philosophy, University of Bremen, Germany
Nadia Primc
Heidelberg University (PhD)

References found in this work

In AI We Trust: Ethics, Artificial Intelligence, and Reliability.Mark Ryan - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (5):2749-2767.
Limits of trust in medical AI.Joshua James Hatherley - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (7):478-481.
Trustworthiness.Karen Jones - 2012 - Ethics 123 (1):61-85.
Linking Trust to Trustworthiness.Onora O’Neill - 2018 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 26 (2):293-300.

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