The metaphysics of brain death

Bioethics 9 (2):91–126 (1995)
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Abstract

The dominant conception of brain death as the death of the whole brain constitutes an unstable compromise between the view that a person ceases to exist when she irreversibly loses the capacity for consciousness and the view that a human organism dies only when it ceases to function in an integrated way. I argue that no single criterion of death captures the importance we attribute both to the loss of the capacity for consciousness and to the loss of functioning of the organism as a whole. This is because the person or self is one thing and the human organism is another. We require a separate account of death for each. Only if we systematically distinguish between persons and human organisms will we be able to provide plausible accounts both of the conditions of our ceasing to exist and of when it is that we begin to exist. This paper, in short, argues for a form of mind-body dualism and draws out some of its implications for various practical moral problems.

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Jeff McMahan
Oxford University

Citations of this work

Personal Identity and Ethics.David Shoemaker - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Cognitive Disability, Misfortune, and Justice.Jeff Mcmahan - 1996 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 25 (1):3-35.
The challenge of brain death for the sanctity of life ethic.Peter Singer - 2018 - Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) 8 (3-4):153-165.
The Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy.James L. Bernat - 2006 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 34 (1):35-43.

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References found in this work

Human Beings.Mark Johnston - 1987 - Journal of Philosophy 84 (2):59-83.
Abortion: Identity and loss.Warren Quinn - 1984 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 13 (1):24-54.
Arguing from potential.Stephen Buckle - 1988 - Bioethics 2 (3):227–253.
Do zygotes become people?W. R. Carter - 1982 - Mind 91 (361):77-95.
Death and bodily transfiguration.W. R. Carter - 1984 - Mind 93 (371):412-418.

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