Educación, cultura y Estado-nación en Hannah Arendt y Theodor Adorno. Dos lecturas de los orígenes del totalitarismo

Ontology Studies: Cuadernos de Ontología:65-85 (2011)
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Abstract

!is paper aims to focus on the main common points of the lecture of the totalitarian phenomenon supported by!eodor Adorno and Hannah Arendt, despite the divergence of their analysis.!e balance of this contrast conveys that both thinkers display an aesthetics of resistance facing the totalitarian ideology, which is based principally on two tenets.!e "rst is the claim of the concept of culture, which Arendt thinks belongs to the making of a traditio and Adorno sees as a re#exion linked to the critical potential of the fragment and the ruin.!e second refers to the educational task, which Arendt considers as an unavoidable pre-political condition and Adorno de"nes as a fundamental piece of the only possible Bildung after the totalitarian catastrophe, that is, the formation of a non-rei"cated consciousness.El texto propone identi"car los principales puntos de acuerdo del diagnóstico que!eodor Adorno y Hannah Arendt realizan sobre el fenómeno totalitario, a pesar de que recurren a distintos análisis. El saldo arrojado por esta lectura conjunta pone de mani"esto que ambos pensadores preconizan una suerte de estética de la resistencia a la ideología totalitaria, que se basa fundamentalmente en dos pilares. El primero sería la reivindicación del concepto de cultura, que Arendt enlaza con los mecanismos generadores de una traditioy Adorno entiende como re#exión ligada al potencial crítico del fragmento y la ruina. El segundo remite a la tarea educativa, que Arendt considera como una condición pre-política ineludible y Adorno de"ne como pieza fundamental para la única Bildung posible tras la catástrofe totalitaria, a saber, la de una conciencia no cosi"cada.

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