Abstract

Kant to the era known as the "critical age", requires a rational critique of all things, even the sacred dignity of law and religion is no exception. Only through free and open to rational examination, beginning with the things to be sincere respect, lest they encounter suspected fate, even if the dignity of the law, sacred as religion, is no different. In fact, this is the basic spirit of philosophical criticism. Kant philosophy there are three major questions: I can know what? What should I do? What can I hope? Meeting these three issues will eventually be classified as a philosophical anthropology of the fundamental questions: What is man? The first question is purely speculative metaphysical issues, the second question is practical and moral issue, which completed two critical questions to answer from the three. The third question: What can I hope? The rigorous and precise forms of expression should be: If I do should be done, I can hope for? It is also speculative in nature but also practical problems, Kant think this is part of the field of religion should be to respond to questions. In his later years published "within the limits of purely rational religion," a book, Kant tried to solve the third problem, and made ​​him answer: everything points to the hope of happiness, the hope of happiness began with the religious of. So in terms, Kant's religion in essence is a philosophy of hope to obtain happiness in life, its basic meaning is "consistent Telford": done should be done , we can hope happy . This is a significant problem, with Kant's own questions are asked: How can the same Telford? The answer is: God's grace makes it possible to Telford consistent perfection. Kant called his time "an age of critique," demanding reasonable critique about everything, including the respectable law and the sacred religion. Anything must be examined reasonably, liberally and openly before it's granted with sincere respect; otherwise, it would inevitably be suspected, even something as respectable as law and as sacred as religion. This is the fundamental spirit of philosophical critique. There are three questions in Kant's philosophy: What can I know? What ought I to do? What may I hope? These three questions are ultimately restored into a fundamental question of philosophical anthropology: What is a man? The first question is purely speculative and metaphysical, and the second one is a practical moral question; these two questions are answered by the three critiques of Kant's. As for the third question -What may I hope?-it should be expressed rigidly and precisely like this: What may I hope if I have done what I ought to do? This is a speculative / practical question and, for Kant, should be answered by religion. In Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason, a book published in his later years, Kant tried to solve the third question and answered as follows: all hope is oriented toward happiness, as the hope for happiness only begins with religion. Accordingly, religion for Kant is indeed a philosophy of hope designed to lead a life of happiness and about the "unification of virtue and happiness": Do what you ought to do , and then you may hope for happiness . It is very important to ask, in Kant's own words, how virtue and happiness can be unified. And the answer is: the supreme good of unifying virtue and happiness is made possible by God's grace