Un modèle général pour décomposer la relation d’impact dans les recherches sur l’impact social de la science et de la technologie

Philosophiques 16 (1):109-147 (1989)
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Abstract

L’impact social de la science et de la technologie se manifeste par une série de relations que le présent modèle va découper sur des boucles de rétroaction. L’activité techno-scientifique des humains crée des perturbations dans le réseau des relations interindividuelles et sociales ainsi que dans l’environnement physique ; en retour, les environnements sociaux et physiques ainsi modifiés exercent des déterminations qui conditionnent et affectent la poursuite des activités initiales. De plus, à toutes les étapes de ces boucles de rétroaction jouent des relations, en boucles également, par lesquelles certaines actions individuelles produisent un effet social et des états de choses collectifs produisent des effets sur les comportements individuels.Science and technology affect social life through numerous relations and the present model undertakes to picture the main ones as specific portions of feedback cycles. By its very creativity in science and technology man induces changes in the network of interindividual and social relations, and drastically modifies the physical environment ; those social and physical changes, in turn, serve as conditions and causes for retroactive changes in the human scientific and technological behavior. Furthermore, the model introduces the concept of " amplification socioficatrice " in order to highlight those additional relations through which certain individual actions or reactions come to have a social effect and existence in the midst of the generalized loop relations obtaining between individual and society

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