Abstract

This chapter considers two types of fine‐tuning, those dealing with the initial conditions of the universe and those based on fixed parameters. Three approaches have been taken to argue that fine‐tuning does not need any special explanation. The first is an appeal to coincidence. The second is that the data are biased by our own observations. The third has to do with the nature of probability itself. The chapter assesses each of these objections in detail. Many naturalistic explanations have been offered for fine‐tuning. The chapter considers the three most important ones. The first is that future discoveries might show that fine‐tuning was not improbable after all. The second is that other life‐permitting ranges for the fine‐tuned constants (FTCs) might exist, allowing for exotic forms of life unlike ours. The third is that we might live in a multiverse of many different universes all with different values of FTCs.