L'existence leibnizienne

Archives de Philosophie 2 (2):249-272 (2007)
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Abstract

Deuxième volet d’une étude consacrée à la possibilité et l’existence chez Leibniz, cet article tente de reconstruire la conception leibnizienne de l’existence, notion fondamentale qui soutient toute l’ontologie de l’auteur et qui n’est pourtant ni clairement définie ni systématisée. En trois parties, nous établissons que l’existence leibnizienne est bien un degré de possibilité, un ajout, un complément, mais elle n’ajoute rien de nouveau. Elle n’est pas une perfection, mais une relation comparative de perfections entre elles. Elle n’est pas un prédicat réel, mais un prédicat logique. Elle se définit comme ce qui est distinctement senti, ce qui plaît à un esprit tout en ne déplaisant pas à l’esprit le plus puissant, et ce qui est le plus harmonique. La conception leibnizienne de l’existence a plusieurs couches, et à de nombreux égards préfigure déjà la position kantienne. Second part of a study dedicated to possibility and existence in the philosophy of Leibniz, this article attempts to reconstruct his conception of existence, a fundamental notion that supports the entirety of his ontology, which is nevertheless neither clearly defined, nor systematized. In three parts, we establish that Leibniz’s conception of existence is a degree of possibility, an addition, a complement, which does not, however, add anything new. Existence is not a perfection, but a comparative relation of perfections between themselves. It is not a real predicate, but a logical predicate, characterized as that which is distinctively felt, as that which pleases a mind without displeasing the most powerful mind, and as that which is the most harmonious. Leibniz’s conception of existence has several layers and already prefigures to many the position of Kant.

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References found in this work

Textes inédits de Leibniz: Publiés Par M. Ivan Jagodinsky.Albert Rivaud - 1914 - Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 22 (1):94 - 120.

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