La hermenéutica de la Ironía: Visibilidad y discursividad en la interpretación kierkegaardiana de Sócrates

Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 64 (2/4):971 - 979 (2008)
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Abstract

A tese de Søren Kierkegaard Sobre o conceito de Ironia aborda sobretudo as dificuldades associadas com a reconstrução da ironia socrática. Tais dificuldades não são apenas filológicas e tecnicamente solucionáveis, mas têm também um carácter profundamente filosófico, especialmente na medida em que a própria "negatividade" que define a ironia se projecta sobre a figura histórica de Sócrates. No tratado de Kierkegaard, a metáfora mais importante para esta negatividade irónica é a da "invisibilidade", sendo que esta se aplica em especial à possível comparação entre Sócrates e Cristo. O artigo desenvolve sobretudo os tópicos da visibilidade e da invisibilidade em ordem a uma caracterização da ironia como o ponto em que o desejo e o saber interferem um com o outro. Na verdade, a função crítica atribuída à ironia diante das certezas estabelecidas é consequência desta dupla abertura a uma dialéctica do saber e a uma dialéctica do desejo. /// Kierkegaard's dissertation on The Concept of Irony deals with the difficulties linked to the historical reconstruction of Socrates' irony. Such difficulties are not only philological and technically solvable, but have also a philosophical meaning, to the extent that the same "negativity" that defines irony is projected on the historical figure of Socrates. In Kierkegaard's treatise, the major metaphor that illustrates ironic negativity is that of "invisibility", and it is related to the possible comparison between Socrates and Christ. The paper develops the topics of visibility and invisibility towards a characterization of irony as the point at which desire and knowledge interfere with each other. The critical function attributed to irony with respect to established certainties is a consequence of this double openness to a dialectics of knowledge and to a dialectics of desire.

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