The metaphorical species: Evolution, adaptation and speciation of metaphors

Discourse Studies 17 (4):433-448 (2015)
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Abstract

Studying cartoons about the economic crisis and focusing on a pair of scissors as a symbol, I prove how they first turn into unambiguous metaphor for the economic crisis and then experience an evolution in order to adapt to new communication contexts. Along these processes, they undergo more complex changes such as coadaptation and speciation. This has allowed for the scissors meme as a symbol of economic cutbacks to permeate society, and for its metaphorical use to occupy many disparate communication scenarios, unlike other symbolic elements that were also used, but turned out to be less cognitively efficient and therefore offered fewer evolutionary possibilities.

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References found in this work

Metaphors We Live By.George Lakoff & Mark Johnson - 1980 - Ethics 93 (3):619-621.
Ontogeny and Phylogeny.Stephen Jay Gould - 1978 - Philosophy of Science 45 (4):652-653.
A grammar of motives.Kenneth Burke - 1945 - Berkeley,: University of California Press.
The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor.George Lakoff - 1993 - In Andrew Ortony (ed.), Metaphor and Thought. Cambridge University Press. pp. 202-251.

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