In Hans-Johann Glock & John Hyman (eds.),
A Companion to Wittgenstein. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 627–638 (
2017)
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Abstract
Wittgenstein's views concerning anthropology emerge predominantly from his notes on Sir James Frazer's The Golden Bough, and have as their focus the interpretation of ritual phenomena and the nature of anthropological explanation. In addition to criticizing Frazer's interpretation of ritual phenomena, Wittgenstein also appears to make a number of corrective suggestions regarding the methodology appropriate for anthropological investigations. The nominal purpose of The Golden Bough is to explain a peculiar ritual of classical antiquity, namely the rule regulating the succession to the priesthood at Nemi, Italy. According to the intellectualist approach, therefore, the foundation of religion is theoretical and speculative, with ritual actions being practical applications of that underlying intellectual theory. An expressivist account of magic will deny that ceremonial actions are intended to effect some desired change in the natural world, and will instead envisage them as expressive of desires, feelings, and values.