Minds and Machines 29 (3):461-494 (2019)
Authors |
|
Abstract |
We explore the question of whether machines can infer information about our psychological traits or mental states by observing samples of our behaviour gathered from our online activities. Ongoing technical advances across a range of research communities indicate that machines are now able to access this information, but the extent to which this is possible and the consequent implications have not been well explored. We begin by highlighting the urgency of asking this question, and then explore its conceptual underpinnings, in order to help emphasise the relevant issues. To answer the question, we review a large number of empirical studies, in which samples of behaviour are used to automatically infer a range of psychological constructs, including affect and emotions, aptitudes and skills, attitudes and orientations (e.g. values and sexual orientation), personality, and disorders and conditions (e.g. depression and addiction). We also present a general perspective that can bring these disparate studies together and allow us to think clearly about their philosophical and ethical implications, such as issues related to consent, privacy, and the use of persuasive technologies for controlling human behaviour.
|
Keywords | machine learning inference psychometrics digital footprints social media intelligent systems human-computer interaction ethics of technology |
Categories | (categorize this paper) |
Reprint years | 2019 |
ISBN(s) | |
DOI | 10.1007/s11023-019-09497-4 |
Options |
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Download options
References found in this work BETA
Moral Philosophy Meets Social Psychology: Virtue Ethics and the Fundamental Attribution Error.Gilbert Harman - 1999 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 99 (1999):315-331.
An Analysis of the Interaction Between Intelligent Software Agents and Human Users.Christopher Burr, Nello Cristianini & James Ladyman - 2018 - Minds and Machines 28 (4):735-774.
Presentation and Validation of the Radboud Faces Database.Oliver Langner, Ron Dotsch, Gijsbert Bijlstra, Daniel Hj Wigboldus, Skyler T. Hawk & Ad van Knippenberg - 2010 - Cognition and Emotion 24 (8):1377-1388.
Choosing Prediction Over Explanation in Psychology: Lessons From Machine Learning.T. Yarkoni & J. Westfall - 2017 - Perspective on Psychological Science 12 (6):1100-1122.
View all 10 references / Add more references
Citations of this work BETA
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics.Vincent C. Müller - 2020 - In Edward Zalta (ed.), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Palo Alto, Cal.: CSLI, Stanford University. pp. 1-70.
The Ethics of Digital Well-Being: A Thematic Review.Christopher Burr, Mariarosaria Taddeo & Luciano Floridi - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26:2313–2343.
The Ethics of Digital Well-Being: A Thematic Review.Christopher Burr, Mariarosaria Taddeo & Luciano Floridi - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (4):2313–2343.
Empowerment or Engagement? Digital Health Technologies for Mental Healthcare.Christopher Burr & Jessica Morley - 2020 - In Christopher Burr & Silvia Milano (eds.), The 2019 Yearbook of the Digital Ethics Lab. pp. 67-88.
Reclaiming Control: Extended Mindreading and the Tracking of Digital Footprints.Uwe Peters - 2022 - Social Epistemology 36 (3):267-282.
View all 16 citations / Add more citations
Similar books and articles
An Analysis of the Interaction Between Intelligent Software Agents and Human Users.Christopher Burr, Nello Cristianini & James Ladyman - 2018 - Minds and Machines 28 (4):735-774.
The problem of machine ethics in artificial intelligence.Rajakishore Nath & Vineet Sahu - 2020 - AI and Society 35 (1):103-111.
The Responsibility Gap: Ascribing Responsibility for the Actions of Learning Automata.Andreas Matthias - unknown
Fundamental Issues in Social Robotics.Brian R. Duffy - 2006 - International Review of Information Ethics 6 (12):2006.
A Dynamic Interaction Between Machine Learning and the Philosophy of Science.Jon Williamson - 2004 - Minds and Machines 14 (4):539-549.
‘Adaptive’ and ‘Cooperative’ Computer Systems — A Challenge for Sociological Research.Michael Paetau - 1991 - AI and Society 5 (1):61-70.
The Epistemology and Ontology of Human-Computer Interaction.Philip Brey - 2005 - Minds and Machines 15 (3-4):383-398.
Consciousness and Conceptual Learning in a Socially Situated Agent.Myles Bogner, Uma Ramamurthy & Stan Franklin - 2000 - In Kerstin Dauthenhahn (ed.), Human Cognition and Social Agent Technology. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. pp. 113--135.
Morality and Machines: Perspectives on Computer Ethics. Stacey L. Edgar.Shade Leslie Regan - 1999 - Ethics and Information Technology 1 (1):71-73.
Morality and Machines: Perspectives on Computer Ethics. Stacey L. Edgar.Leslie Regan Shade - 1999 - Ethics and Information Technology 1 (1):71-73.
How Hiring: Dogs and Humans Need Not Apply. [REVIEW]Richard G. Epstein - 1999 - Ethics and Information Technology 1 (3):227-236.
On Potential Cognitive Abilities in the Machine Kingdom.José Hernández-Orallo & David L. Dowe - 2013 - Minds and Machines 23 (2):179-210.
Wendell Wallach and Colin Allen: Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right From Wrong: Oxford University Press, 2009, 273 Pp, ISBN: 978-0-19-537404-9. [REVIEW]Vincent Wiegel - 2010 - Ethics and Information Technology 12 (4):359-361.
Wendell Wallach and Colin Allen: Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right From Wrong. [REVIEW]Anthony F. Beavers - 2010 - Ethics and Information Technology 12 (4):357-358.
Analytics
Added to PP index
2019-02-25
Total views
567 ( #14,990 of 2,507,596 )
Recent downloads (6 months)
55 ( #15,354 of 2,507,596 )
2019-02-25
Total views
567 ( #14,990 of 2,507,596 )
Recent downloads (6 months)
55 ( #15,354 of 2,507,596 )
How can I increase my downloads?
Downloads