Abstract

This article analyses the institution of the Eucharist by Jes us-Christ during the Last Supper, as reported by Saint Luke , focusing on the various typologies used by the evangelist and using the narrative analysis. When Jesus arrives in Jerusalem in Lk 19, he has been recognized by the disciples as the Messiah, true Prophet and King; but he has to prepare them for the tremendous humiliation of his Passion. He therefore “invents” his Last Supper as an anticipation of the mystery of his death and resurrection. This Supper is above all presented as a Passover meal, following the liturgy described in Ex 12. Jesus, using the expression of the “new Covenant”, borrowed from Jr 31, also refers to the covenant on Sinai . The theme of communion permeates the narrative, alluding to Lv 7 , while the eschatological perspective orients the whole text. The article then analyses the relationship between Jesus and the Passover lamb, as well as his second “declaration” on the bread and the chalice, so striking for the disciples’ ears. Jesus really intended to found a new rite, which is the “new Passover” for the “new Covenant” to be realized by his Cross and his re surrection. The unity between all these themes is found in the aspect of self-offering. The conclusion is that Luke described Jesus’ action in the Last Supper using a particular typology, drawn from Exodus, as a key to penetrate the mystery of his death and resurrection. By the Eucharist, Jesus invites his disciples to follow him and live out their own Exodus, especially in the community, in order to have a part in his Resurrection