Abstract

“The ‘American’ unconscious has displayed an enduring tendency to symbolize harmony, restoration, and revitalization. In sharp contrast to those European psychologists who saw in the unconscious a symbol of rift, alienation, and inner division, Americans have imbued the unconscious with the function of restoring harmony between the individual and an immanent spiritual power”. “The unconscious is not so much a thing as an idea”. “Spiritual” is not restricted to a particular religious or theological sense but to “concern with life’s intrinsic values and unconditioned meanings”.