Abstract

The institutionalization of Corporate social responsibility CSR in India attracts significant interest and discussion at the political, policy and practitioner level. It also highlights Corporate social responsibility within and beyond the Indian context. Section 135 of the Companies Act of 2013, Mandated CSRCSR spending in large companies that propelled companies from the old charitable and philanthropic model of ‘SocialCorporate social responsibility as a ‘convention or norm’, with companies remaining committed to Corporate social responsibility. While, domestic companies in the Petroleum and gas industry have often been engulfed with numerous criticisms due to oil spills and irresponsible behaviour towards Stakeholders, they are also the top Mandatory/voluntary nature of CSRCorporate social responsibility CSR spending and explicitly Corporate social responsibility practices and spending. Companies have increasingly developed sophisticated reporting methods to communicate with their StakeholdersCorporate social responsibility and its alignment to Schedule VII of the Act. This chapter discusses all these elements, aiming to capture the changing Indian CSR landscape, Corporate social responsibility CSR reporting of four leading petroleum and gas companies and Mandatory/voluntary nature of CSRCorporate social responsibility CSR spendingCorporate social responsibility CSR reporting in these companies. The theoretical lens of Institutional theory leads to a clearer understanding of how Isomorphisms Corporate social responsibility CSR reporting of companies in the last few years and the extent to which the reports are driven by institutional pressures, for seeking legitimacy.