Logical Negation

The author distinguishes three views of negation: 1) term-negation ; 2) predicate-negation ; 3) sentence-negation. Strictly, however, he thinks there is no genuine sentential negation; sentential negation is reducible to the denial of a predicate. The author claims to have shown this in the present book. If sentential negation is regarded as "external" and predicate negation as "internal" to sentences, the reduction of sentential negation to predicate negation is an "internalization" of negation. The author envisages a more general reductionism for logical symbols: "the internalization of negation seems to be the first and most important step [in Englebretsen's program of viewing all sentences as logically categorical]. The internalization of other operations, including modality, should follow".