Abstract
The main topic of the following thesis is the concept of State as seen by Giovanni Gentile. First the analysis focuses on the definition of the original link between philosophy and politics which defines the theoretical structure of actualism (Intr.). The text is made up of three sections. The first part deals with the concept of personality (chap. 1) and education (chap. 2) in order to dispute the idea of individual and social contract, according to the notion of “Praxis of Society” in La Filosofia di Marx. The second part focuses on the epistemic structure of the State seen by Gentile in interiore homine (chap. 1), especially in the assay Lo Stato e la Filosofia in relation to the problem of school (chap. 2) and structure of politics (chap. 3). By deepening the concepts of juridical law, sovereignty and political representation Gentile defines an ethical act which cannot be identified with the legal system. The idea of corporation explored in the first ’30 es and the concept of “Humanism of the Work” in Genesi e struttura della società clearly shows the critical approach of the State, that is in other words the concept of ethics. The third part analyses the philosopher’s political interpretation of the Italian History of Philosophy (chap. 2) and the relationship between History of Philosophy and Politcs (chap.1). As a result, Gentile’s identification of the State with the Weltgeschichte breaks with the common framework of the State and highlights a new, non-state conception of politics