The Greatest Aporia in the Parmenides (133b-134e) and the Reciprocity of Pros Relations

Dialogue:1-24 (forthcoming)
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Abstract

ABSTRACT The extant attempts in the literature to refute the greatest difficulty argument in the Parmenides have focused on denying the parallelism between the pros relations among Forms and those among particulars. However, these attempts are unsatisfactory, for the argument can reach its conclusion that we cannot know any Forms without relying on this parallelism. I argue that a more effective strategy is to deny the more essential premise that the knowledge-object relation is a pros relation. This premise is false because pros relations require definitional and ontological codependence between the relata, and the knowledge-object relation does not satisfy this reciprocity condition. RÉSUMÉ Les tentatives existantes dans la littérature de réfuter l'argument de la plus grande difficulté dans le Parménide ont surtout entrepris de nier le parallélisme entre les relations de type pros entre les Formes et celles entre les particuliers. Par contre, ces tentatives sont insatisfaisantes, parce que l'argument peut mener à sa conclusion selon laquelle on ne peut connaître les Formes sans s'appuyer sur ce parallélisme. Je soutiens qu'une stratégie plus efficace consiste à nier la prémisse plus essentielle selon laquelle la relation objet-connaissance est une relation de type pros. Cette prémisse est fausse parce que les relations de type pros requièrent une codépendance définitionnelle et ontologique entre les relata, et la relation objet-connaissance ne satisfait pas à cette condition de réciprocité.

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References found in this work

Plato: Complete Works.J. Cooper & D. S. Hutchinson - 1998 - Phronesis 43 (2):197-206.
Plato and Parmenides.Francis MacDonald Cornford - 1939 - Mind 48 (192):536-543.
On Ideas: Aristotle's Criticism of Plato's Theory of Forms.Gail Fine - 1994 - Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 99 (3):406-408.
Plato on Knowledge and Forms: Selected Essays.Gail Fine - 2005 - Philosophical Quarterly 55 (220):504-506.
Plato's phaedo theory of relations.Héctor-Neri Castañeda - 1972 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 1 (3/4):467 - 480.

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