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  1. Chemistry and the problem of pluralism in science: an analysis concerning philosophical and scientific disagreements.Rein Vihalemm - 2015 - Foundations of Chemistry 18 (2):91-102.
    Chemistry, especially its historical practice, has in the philosophy of science in recent decades attracted more and more attention, influencing the turn from the vision of science as a timeless logic-centred system of statements towards the history- and practice-centred approach. The problem of pluralism in science has become a popular topic in that context. Hasok Chang’s “active normative epistemic pluralism” manifested in his book Is water H2O? Evidence, realism and pluralism, pursuing an integrated study of history and philosophy of science, (...)
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  • From the Dual Character of Chemistry to Practical Realism and Back Again: Philosophy of Science of Rein Vihalemm.Peeter Müürsepp, Gulzhikhan Nurysheva, Zhumagul Bekenova & Galymzhan Usenov - 2019 - Problemos 96:107-120.
    The focus of the paper is on Rein Vihalemm’s novel approach to science called practical realism. From the perspective of Vihalemm, science is not only theoretical but first and foremost a practical activity. This kind of approach puts chemistry rather than physics into the position of a typical science as chemistry has a dual character resting on both constructive-hypothetico-deductive and classifying-historico-descriptive types of cognition. Chemists deal with finding out the laws of nature like the physicists. However, in addition to this (...)
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  • Chemistry as the basic science.Peeter Müürsepp, Gulzhikhan Nurysheva, Aliya Ramazanova & Zhamilya Amirkulova - 2020 - Foundations of Chemistry 23 (1):69-83.
    The paper deals with the philosophy of science and technology from a new perspective. The analysis connects closely to the novel approach to scientific research called practical realism of the late Estonian philosopher of science and chemistry Rein Vihalemm. From his perspective, science is not only theoretical but even more clearly a practical activity. This kind of practice-based approach puts chemistry rather than physics into the position of the most typical science as chemistry has a dual character resting on both (...)
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  • Scientific Practices as Social Knowledge.Juho Lindholm - 2023 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 35 (3):223-242.
    Practice-based philosophy of science has gradually arisen in the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) and science and technology studies (STS) during the past decades. It studies science as an ensemble of practices and theorising as one of these practices. A recent study has shown how the practice-based approach can be methodologically justified with reference to Peirce and Dewey. In this article, I will explore one consequence of that notion: science, as practice, is necessarily social. I will disambiguate five different senses (...)
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  • Scientific Practices as Social Knowledge.Juho Lindholm - 2022 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 35 (3):223-242.
    Practice-based philosophy of science has gradually arisen in the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) and science and technology studies (STS) during the past decades. It studies science as an ensemble of practices and theorising as one of these practices. A recent study has shown how the practice-based approach can be methodologically justified with reference to Peirce and Dewey. In this article, I will explore one consequence of that notion: science, as practice, is necessarily social. I will disambiguate five different senses (...)
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