This article explores Tacitus’ negotiation of the dilemmas of writing due to the emergence of the Principate and the displacement of Republican politics. These developments constrained the orator and the historian, and required a distinctive approach to the writing of history. I argue that Tacitus develops a conception of the historian’s task that centers on the historian’s moral freedom and educative role in the Principate. This freedom is evident in Tacitus’ depiction of good and bad principes, as well as his (...) discussion of how one ought to behave under the Principate. The historian’s task and moral freedom are important given Tacitus’ desire to avoid the twin dangers of writing under autocratic rulers: contumacy and obsequiousness. (shrink)