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  1. Biting the Hand that Heals You: Encounters with Problematic Patients in a General Veterinary Practice.Clinton R. Sanders - 1994 - Society and Animals 2 (1):47-66.
    This discussion focuses on veterinary practice as a form of service delivery. Based on data collected during a year of participant observation in a major veterinary hospital in the northeast, the paper examines the criteria veterinarians routinely used to define nonhuman patients as problematic and the means they employed to deal with troublesome animals. The conclusion frames veterinarians' tactics for evaluating and controlling patients within the larger context of how rule-breakers are identified in everyday interactional settings and the routine approaches (...)
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  • Science, sensitivity and the sociozoological scale: Constituting and complicating the human-animal boundary at the 1875 Royal Commission on Vivisection and beyond.Tarquin Holmes - 2021 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 90 (C):194-207.
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  • The Use of Nonhuman Animals in Biomedical Research: Necessity and Justification.Gary L. Francione - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (2):241-248.
    Discourse about the use of animals in biomedical research usually focuses on two issues: its empirical and moral use. The empirical issue asks whether the use of nonhumans in experiments is required in order to get data. The moral issue asks whether the use of nonhumans can be defended as matter of ethical theory. Although the use of animals in research may involve a plausible necessity claim, no moral justification exists for using nonhumans in situations in which we would not (...)
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  • The Use of Nonhuman Animals in Biomedical Research: Necessity and Justification.Gary L. Francione - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (2):241-248.
    Discourse about the use of animals in biomedical research usually focuses on two issues. The first, which I will refer to as the “necessity issue,” is empirical and asks whether the use of nonhumans in experiments is required in order to gather statistically valid information that will contribute in a significant way to improving human health. The second, which I will refer to as the “justification issue,” is moral and asks whether the use of nonhumans in biomedical research, if necessary (...)
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  • Topics Awaiting Study: Investigable Questions on Animal Issues.Paul F. Cunningham - 1995 - Society and Animals 3 (1):89-106.
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  • Death by Decapitation: A Case Study of the Scientific Definition of Animal Welfare.Lawrence G. Carbone - 1997 - Society and Animals 5 (3):239-256.
    Assessments of animal experience and consciousness are embedded in all issues of animal welfare policy, and the field of animal welfare science has been developed to make these evaluations. In light of modern studies of the social construction of scientific knowledge, it is surprising how little attention has been paid to date on how crucial evaluations about animals are made. In this paper, I begin to fill that gap by presenting a historical case study of the attempt to define the (...)
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