La lectura contextual es una metodología de estudio para estos testimonios fragmentarios que,aunque no deja de lado los aspectos microtextuales, se concentra en las estructuras argumentativas de los textosque portan los testimonios de los presocráticos , buscando detectar sesgos y elementos paradigmáticos que sean dicientes a la hora de unareconstrucción filosófica del pensamiento del autor en cuestión. En este caso me concentraré en el testimonio dePlatón sobre Heráclito, particularmente en el Crátilo, para mostrar cómo una lectura contextual da luces sobrela (...) construcción de una tradición interpretativa que ha resultado dominante en el caso de Heráclito: la doctrinadel flujo perpetuo. Dado que dicha interpretación ha sido puesta en duda por muchos estudiosos de Heráclito,me propongo, como último paso, cotejarla con otra tradición interpretativa que nos muestre elementos en comúny nos permita hacer un uso global de los testimonios que conservamos sobre el filósofo de Éfeso. (shrink)

In this first paper dealing with Heraclitus ' doctrine as such, the author examines and discusses two recent controversial articles with the content of which he sympathizes - one by Gábor Betegh on the cosmological status of Heraclitus ' psychê, and the other by Aryeh Finkelberg on Heraclitus ' cosmogony and the reality of a Heraclitean world conflagration. This examination is aimed, first, at fostering "marginal" opinions which the author believes to be fundamentally correct - and the rejection of which (...) since times immemorial he considers to have greatly harmed and hampered our understanding of the Ephesian philosopher ; second, at introducing some personal corrections and additions to these opinions ; and third, at illustrating the advantages of a deliberately un prejudiced approach towards our sources, an approach based on the presumption of innocence, knowledgeability and intelligence for all our informers and on the rejection of any rejection [this is not a dittography!] of any source on ground of mere suspicion.Among the proposed novelties the following particularly deserve to be underscored: the defense of the authenticity of "fr. B 76" DK qua three different fragments and the reconstruction of Heraclitus ' system of four physical exhalations - both of which are connected with the notion of a world soul; and the interpretation of Plat. Soph. 242 C - 243 A [T 132] as confirming Arist. De cael. 279b12 [T 170] and the cosmogonical interpretation of F 31 - both of which presuppose the reality of a Heraclitean ecpyrosis.Yet, since the author's dogmatism does not extend beyond the requirement of having re course to logically sound procedures, he is ready to give up any conclusion of which it can be proven that it is irreconcilably contradicted by a sounder one and supported by none. (shrink)