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Probability and certainty

New York,: Walker (1963)

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  1. Thomson's lamp is dysfunctional.William I. McLaughlin - 1998 - Synthese 116 (3):281-301.
    James Thomson envisaged a lamp which would be turned on for 1 minute, off for 1/2 minute, on for 1/4 minute, etc. ad infinitum. He asked whether the lamp would be on or off at the end of 2 minutes. Use of “internal set theory” (a version of nonstandard analysis), developed by Edward Nelson, shows Thomson's lamp is chimerical; its copy within set theory yields a contradiction. The demonstration extends to placing restrictions on other “infinite tasks” such as Zeno's paradoxes (...)
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  • An epistemological use of nonstandard analysis to answer Zeno's objections against motion.William I. McLaughlin & Sylvia L. Miller - 1992 - Synthese 92 (3):371 - 384.
    Three of Zeno's objections to motion are answered by utilizing a version of nonstandard analysis, internal set theory, interpreted within an empirical context. Two of the objections are without force because they rely upon infinite sets, which always contain nonstandard real numbers. These numbers are devoid of numerical meaning, and thus one cannot render the judgment that an object is, in fact, located at a point in spacetime for which they would serve as coordinates. The third objection, an arrow never (...)
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