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Philosophy of Cognitive Science > Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence > Computation and Representation
Computation and Representation
Edited by Michael Rescorla (University of California, Los Angeles)
About this topic
| Summary | Does computation require representation? To what extent should representation figure within computational models? Can representational properties causally influence computation? How central an explanatory role should semantics occupy within computational psychology? Is the mind a “syntax-driven” machine? Can computational models help elucidate the nature of representation? Can they help us reduce the intentional to the non-intentional? What semantic frameworks are most useful for computer science and Artificial Intelligence? Can we build an artificial computing machine that thinks? How might the construction of such a machine illuminate the mind, including our capacity to represent? Is mental activity best modeled through “classical” computation, through “connectionist” computation, or through some other framework? |
| Key works | The seminal article Turing 1936 introduces the Turing machine, thereby laying the foundation for all subsequent research on computation within computer science, recursion theory, Artificial Intelligence, cognitive psychology, and philosophy. Putnam 1967 introduced philosophers to the thesis that Turing-style computation provides illuminating models of mental activity. Fodor 1975 developed Putnam’s suggestion, combining it with the traditional picture of the mind as a representational organ. Fodor’s subsequent writings, including Fodor 1981 and many other articles and books, investigate the relation between mental computation and mental representation. Stich 1983 combines a computational approach to the mind with eliminativism regarding intentionality. Dennett 1981 advocates a broadly instrumentalist approach to intentionality. Searle 1980 is a widely discussed critique of the computational approach, centered on the relation between syntax and semantics. Putnam 1975 introduces the Twin Earth thought experiment, which crucially informs much of the subsequent literature on computation and representation. Burge 1982 applies the Twin Earth thought experiment to mental representation (whereas Putnam initially applied it only to linguistic representation). |
| Introductions | The first three chapters of Rogers 1987 present the foundations of computation theory, with an emphasis on the Turing machine. Fodor 1981 offers a good (albeit opinionated) introduction to issues surrounding computation and mental representation. Horst 2005 and Pitt 2020 offer helpful surveys of the contemporary literature. |
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- Waiting for a digital therapist: three challenges on the path to psychotherapy delivered by artificial intelligence.J. P. Grodniewicz & Mateusz Hohol - 2023 - Frontiers in Psychiatry 14 (1190084):1-12.Growing demand for broadly accessible mental health care, together with the rapid development of new technologies, trigger discussions about the feasibility of psychotherapeutic interventions based on interactions with Conversational Artificial Intelligence (CAI). Many authors argue that while currently available CAI can be a useful supplement for human-delivered psychotherapy, it is not yet capable of delivering fully fledged psychotherapy on its own. The goal of this paper is to investigate what are the most important obstacles on our way to developing CAI (...)
- الميتافيرس والأزمة الوجودية.Salah Osman - manuscriptنحن مقيمون على الإنترنت، نرسم معالم دنيانا التي نبتغيها من خلاله، ونُمارس تمثيل شخصياتٍ أبعد ما تكون عنا؛ نحقق زيفًا أحلامًا قد تكون بعيدة المنال، ويُصدق بضعنا البعض فيما نسوقه من أكاذيب ومثاليات؛ ننعم بأقوالٍ بلا أفعال، وقلوبٍ بلا عواطف، وجناتٍ بلا نعيم، وألسنة في ظلمات الأفواه المُغلقة تنطق بحركات الأصابع، وحريةٍ مُحاطة بأسيجة الوهم؛ ومن غير إنترنت سيبدو أكثر الناس قطعًا بحجمهم الطبيعي الذي لا نعرفه، او بالأحرى نعرفه ونتجاهله! لا شك أن ظهور الإنترنت واتساع نطاق استخداماته يُمثل حدثًا (...)
- Representation without Informative Signalling.Gerardo Alberto Viera - forthcoming - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.Various writers have attempted to use the sender-receiver formalism to account for the representational capacities of biological systems. This paper has two goals. First, I argue that the sender-receiver approach to representation cannot be complete. The mammalian circadian system represents the time of day, yet it does not control circadian behaviours by producing signals with time of day content. Informative signalling need not be the basis of our most basic representational capacities. Second, I argue that representational capacities are primarily about (...)
- Evolution of Self-Consciousness. Pan-Homo Split and Anxiety Management (Feb 2023 version of poster planned for ASSC26).Christophe Menant - manuscriptPrimatology tells that about seven million years ago a split began in primate evolution, a split that led to chimpanzee and human lineages (the pan-homo split). During these millions of years our human lineage has developed performances that our chimpanzee cousins do not possess, like reflective self-consciousness and language. We present here an evolutionary scenario that proposes a rationale for the pan-homo split. It is based on a pre-human anxiety that may have barred access to self-consciousness for the chimpanzee lineage. (...)
- ChatGPT.Andrej Poleev - 2023 - Enzymes 21.As testing of ChatGPT has shown, this form of artificial intelligence has the potential to develop, which requires improving its software and other hardware that allows it to learn, i.e., to acquire and use new knowledge, to contact its developers with suggestions for improvement, or to reprogram itself without their participation. Как показало тестирование ChatGPT, эта форма искусственного интеллекта имеет потенциал развития, для чего необходимо усовершенствовать её программное и прочее техническое обеспечение, позволяющее ей учиться, т.е. приобретать и использовать новые знания, (...)
- Proceedings of the First Turkish Conference on AI and Artificial Neural Networks.Kemal Oflazer, Varol Akman, H. Altay Guvenir & Ugur Halici - 1992 - Ankara, Turkey: Bilkent Meteksan Publishing.This is the proceedings of the "1st Turkish Conference on AI and ANNs," K. Oflazer, V. Akman, H. A. Guvenir, and U. Halici (editors). The conference was held at Bilkent University, Bilkent, Ankara on 25-26 June 1992. -/- Language of contributions: English and Turkish.
- Can AI Help Us to Understand Belief? Sources, Advances, Limits, and Future Directions.Andrea Vestrucci, Sara Lumbreras & Lluis Oviedo - 2021 - International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence 7 (1):24-33.The study of belief is expanding and involves a growing set of disciplines and research areas. These research programs attempt to shed light on the process of believing, understood as a central human cognitive function. Computational systems and, in particular, what we commonly understand as Artificial Intelligence (AI), can provide some insights on how beliefs work as either a linear process or as a complex system. However, the computational approach has undergone some scrutiny, in particular about the differences between what (...)
- Circularity.Ilexa Yardley - 2022 - Https://Medium.Com/the-Circular-Theory/.Circularity is the core dynamic in Nature.
- Inter‐temporal rationality without temporal representation.Simon A. B. Brown - 2023 - Mind and Language 38 (2):495-514.Recent influential accounts of temporal representation—the use of mental representations with explicit temporal contents, such as before and after relations and durations—sharply distinguish representation from mere sensitivity. A common, important picture of inter-temporal rationality is that it consists in maximizing total expected discounted utility across time. By analyzing reinforcement learning algorithms, this article shows that, given such notions of temporal representation and inter-temporal rationality, it would be possible for an agent to achieve inter-temporal rationality without temporal representation. It then explores (...)
- Occam's Razor For Big Data?Birgitta Dresp-Langley - 2019 - Applied Sciences 3065 (9):1-28.Detecting quality in large unstructured datasets requires capacities far beyond the limits of human perception and communicability and, as a result, there is an emerging trend towards increasingly complex analytic solutions in data science to cope with this problem. This new trend towards analytic complexity represents a severe challenge for the principle of parsimony (Occam’s razor) in science. This review article combines insight from various domains such as physics, computational science, data engineering, and cognitive science to review the specific properties (...)
- Climbing the Ladder: How Agents Reach Counterfactual Thinking.Caterina Moruzzi - 2022 - Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence.Remove from this listExport citation
Bookmark - From symbols to knowledge systems: A. Newell and H. A. Simon's contribution to symbolic AI.Luis M. Augusto - 2021 - Journal of Knowledge Structures and Systems 2 (1):29 - 62.A. Newell and H. A. Simon were two of the most influential scientists in the emerging field of artificial intelligence (AI) in the late 1950s through to the early 1990s. This paper reviews their crucial contribution to this field, namely to symbolic AI. This contribution was constituted mostly by their quest for the implementation of general intelligence and (commonsense) knowledge in artificial thinking or reasoning artifacts, a project they shared with many other scientists but that in their case was theoretically (...)
- Universal Tokenization.Ilexa Yardley - 2021 - Https://Medium.Com/the-Circular-Theory/.Cracking the ‘universal’ code: the tokenization of Nature. (Think: representation, abstraction, realization.) A universal blockchain.
- Saint Thomas d'Aquin contre les robots. Pistes pour une approche philosophique de l'Intelligence Artificielle.Matthieu Raffray - 2019 - Angelicum 4 (96):553-572.In light of the pervasive developments of new technologies, such as NBIC (Nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and cognitive science), it is imperative to produce a coherent and deep reflexion on the human nature, on human intelligence and on the limit of both of them, in order to successfully respond to some technical argumentations that strive to depict humanity as a purely mechanical system. For this purpose, it is interesting to refer to the epistemology and metaphysics of Thomas Aquinas as a (...)
- Why Crypto-Everything is Here to Stay.Ilexa Yardley - 2021 - Https://Medium.Com/the-Circular-Theory/.Cryptocurrency is just the tip of a never-melting iceberg…because everything in Nature is connected to everything else by an always-conserved (and uber-simple) circle. Giving us, finally, an explanation (and, technically, a use-case, and proof) for a 'self.'.
- Abstraction: How to Understand It.Ilexa Yardley - 2021 - Https://Medium.Com/the-Circular-Theory/.Abstract is a noun. Abstract is, also, a verb. Thus, abstraction. Explaining nouns. And verbs.
- What Modern Physicists are 'Discovering'.Ilexa Yardley - 2021 - Https://Medium.Com/the-Circular-Theory/.What modern physicists are 'discovering:' conservation of a circle is the basis for 'reality.'.
- Foucault, Deleuze, and Nietzsche.Ilexa Yardley - 2021 - Https://Medium.Com/the-Circular-Theory/.The power of representation and the representation of power, and, the exploding NFT market. Euclid's error and the mathematics behind representation, identification, and interpretation.
- Game-Theoretic Robustness in Cooperation and Prejudice Reduction: A Graphic Measure.Patrick Grim - 2006 - In Luis M. Rocha, Larry S. Yaeger, Mark A. Bedau, Dario Floreano & Robert L. Goldstine (eds.), Artificial Life X: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems. MIT Press. pp. 445-451.Talk of ‘robustness’ remains vague, despite the fact that it is clearly an important parameter in evaluating models in general and game-theoretic results in particular. Here we want to make it a bit less vague by offering a graphic measure for a particular kind of robustness— ‘matrix robustness’— using a three dimensional display of the universe of 2 x 2 game theory. In a display of this form, familiar games such as the Prisoner’s Dilemma, Stag Hunt, Chicken and Deadlock appear (...)
- Introduction to CAT4. Part 3. Semantics.Andrew Thomas Holster - manuscriptCAT4 is proposed as a general method for representing information, enabling a powerful programming method for large-scale information systems. It enables generalised machine learning, software automation and novel AI capabilities. This is Part 3 of a five-part introduction. The focus here is on explaining the semantic model for CAT4. Points in CAT4 graphs represent facts. We introduce all the formal (data) elements used in the classic semantic model: sense or intension (1st and 2nd joins), reference (3rd join), functions (4th join), (...)
- Events and Machine Learning.Augustus Hebblewhite, Jakob Hohwy & Tom Drummond - 2021 - Topics in Cognitive Science 13 (1):243-247.Topics in Cognitive Science, Volume 13, Issue 1, Page 243-247, January 2021.
- K některým extravagantním teoriím významu.Filip Tvrdý - 2013 - In Božena Bednaříková & Pavla Hernandezová (eds.), Od slova k modelu jazyka. Olomouc: pp. 343-349.Semantics based on representational theories of mind has met challenges recently. Traditional accounts consider meaning as an entity with semantic properties, i.e. a mental object that denotes or represents a real-world object. The paper discusses ways of constructing meaning without representations, as shown in Rapaport’s syntactic semantics and Rosenberg’s eliminative theory of mind and language.
- Updating the Frame Problem for Artificial Intelligence Research.Lisa Miracchi - 2020 - Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness 7 (2):217-230.The Frame Problem is the problem of how one can design a machine to use information so as to behave competently, with respect to the kinds of tasks a genuinely intelligent agent can reliably, effectively perform. I will argue that the way the Frame Problem is standardly interpreted, and so the strategies considered for attempting to solve it, must be updated. We must replace overly simplistic and reductionist assumptions with more sophisticated and plausible ones. In particular, the standard interpretation assumes (...)
- Modal Cognitivism and Modal Expressivism.Hasen Khudairi - manuscriptThis paper aims to provide a mathematically tractable background against which to model both modal cognitivism and modal expressivism. I argue that epistemic modal algebras, endowed with a hyperintensional, topic-sensitive epistemic two-dimensional truthmaker semantics, comprise a materially adequate fragment of the language of thought. I demonstrate, then, how modal expressivism can be regimented by modal coalgebraic automata, to which the above epistemic modal algebras are categorically dual. I examine five methods for modeling the dynamics of conceptual engineering for intensions and (...)
- Modeling artificial agents’ actions in context – a deontic cognitive event ontology.Miroslav Vacura - 2020 - Applied ontology 15 (4):493-527.Although there have been efforts to integrate Semantic Web technologies and artificial agents related AI research approaches, they remain relatively isolated from each other. Herein, we introduce a new ontology framework designed to support the knowledge representation of artificial agents’ actions within the context of the actions of other autonomous agents and inspired by standard cognitive architectures. The framework consists of four parts: 1) an event ontology for information pertaining to actions and events; 2) an epistemic ontology containing facts about (...)
- Computational capacity of pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex.Danko D. Georgiev, Stefan K. Kolev, Eliahu Cohen & James F. Glazebrook - 2020 - Brain Research 1748:147069.The electric activities of cortical pyramidal neurons are supported by structurally stable, morphologically complex axo-dendritic trees. Anatomical differences between axons and dendrites in regard to their length or caliber reflect the underlying functional specializations, for input or output of neural information, respectively. For a proper assessment of the computational capacity of pyramidal neurons, we have analyzed an extensive dataset of three-dimensional digital reconstructions from the NeuroMorphoOrg database, and quantified basic dendritic or axonal morphometric measures in different regions and layers of (...)
- Neural Representations in Context.Alessio Plebe & Vivian M. De La Cruz - 2019 - In Antonino Pennisi & Alessandra Falzone (eds.), The Extended Theory of Cognitive Creativity: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Performativity. Springer Verlag. pp. 285-300.In recent years, a number of different disciplines have begun to investigate the fundamental role context appears to play in a number of cognitive phenomena. Traditionally, linguistics, and the fields of communication and pragmatics in particular, have been the areas that have focused the most on contextual effects. Context has increasingly been studied for its role in influencing mental concepts, for some scholars being considered constitutive for most – if not all – concepts. Cognitive neuroscience is now starting to consider (...)$84.99 new (collection) View on Amazon.comRemove from this list Direct downloadExport citation Bookmark
- Artificial Intelligence: Philosophical and Epistemological Perspectives.Pierre Livet & Franck Varenne - 2020 - In H. Prade, Papini O. & Marquis P. (eds.), A Guided Tour of Artificial Intelligence Research. pp. 437-455.Research in artificial intelligence (AI) has led to revise the challenges of the AI initial programme as well as to keep us alert to peculiarities and limitations of human cognition. Both are linked, as a careful further reading of the Turing’s test makes it clear from Searle’s Chinese room apologue and from Dreyfus’ suggestions, and in both cases, ideal had to be turned into operating mode. In order to rise these more pragmatic challenges AI does not hesitate to link together (...)
- Externalism.Robert A. Wilson - 2003 - In Lynn Nadel (ed.), Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. London: pp. 92-97.Introduction to externalism in the philosophy of mind and cognitive science.$2381.95 new (collection) View on Amazon.comRemove from this list Direct downloadExport citation Bookmark
- Integrating computation into the mechanistic hierarchy in the cognitive and neural sciences.Lotem Elber-Dorozko & Oron Shagrir - 2019 - Synthese 199 (Suppl 1):43-66.It is generally accepted that, in the cognitive and neural sciences, there are both computational and mechanistic explanations. We ask how computational explanations can integrate into the mechanistic hierarchy. The problem stems from the fact that implementation and mechanistic relations have different forms. The implementation relation, from the states of an abstract computational system to the physical, implementing states is a homomorphism mapping relation. The mechanistic relation, however, is that of part/whole; the explaining features in a mechanistic explanation are the (...)
- Walking in the Shoes of the Brain: an "agent" approach to phenomenality and the problem of consciousness.Dan J. Bruiger - manuscriptAbstract: Given an embodied evolutionary context, the (conscious) organism creates phenomenality and establishes a first-person point of view with its own agency, through intentional relations made by its own acts of fiat, in the same way that human observers create meaning in language.
- Evolution: The Computer Systems Engineer Designing Minds.Aaron Sloman - 2011 - Avant: Trends in Interdisciplinary Studies 2 (2):45–69.What we have learnt in the last six or seven decades about virtual machinery, as a result of a great deal of science and technology, enables us to offer Darwin a new defence against critics who argued that only physical form, not mental capabilities and consciousness could be products of evolution by natural selection. The defence compares the mental phenomena mentioned by Darwin’s opponents with contents of virtual machinery in computing systems. Objects, states, events, and processes in virtual machinery which (...)
- The Immune Self: Practicing Meaning in vivo.Yair Neuman - 2012 - Avant: Trends in Interdisciplinary Studies 3 (1):55-62.The immune self is our reified way to describe the processes through which the immune system maintains the differentiated identity of the organism and itself. This is an interpretative process, and to study it in a scientifically constructive way we should merge a long hermeneutical tradition asking questions about the nature of interpretation, together with modern understanding of the immune system, emerging sensing technologies and advanced computational tools for analyzing the sensors' data.
- Cognitivism about Epistemic Modality.Hasen Khudairi - manuscriptThis paper aims to vindicate the thesis that cognitive computational properties are abstract objects implemented in physical systems. I avail of the equivalence relations countenanced in Homotopy Type Theory, in order to specify an abstraction principle for epistemic intensions. The homotopic abstraction principle for epistemic intensions provides an epistemic conduit into our knowledge of intensions as abstract objects. I examine, then, how intensional functions in Epistemic Modal Algebra are deployed as core models in the philosophy of mind, Bayesian perceptual psychology, (...)Remove from this listExport citation Bookmark
- Epistemic Modality and Hyperintensionality in Mathematics.Hasen Khudairi - 2017 - Dissertation, University of St AndrewsThis book concerns the foundations of epistemic modality. I examine the nature of epistemic modality, when the modal operator is interpreted as concerning both apriority and conceivability, as well as states of knowledge and belief. The book demonstrates how epistemic modality relates to the computational theory of mind; metaphysical modality; the types of mathematical modality; to the epistemic status of large cardinal axioms, undecidable propositions, and abstraction principles in the philosophy of mathematics; to the modal profile of rational intuition; and (...)
- Searle, Strong AI, and Two Ways of Sorting Cucumbers.Karl Pfeifer - 1992 - Journal of Philosophical Research 17:347-350.This paper defends Searle against the misconstrual of a key claim of “Minds, Brains, and Programs” and goes on to explain why an attempt to turn the tables by using the Chinese Room to argue for intentionality in computers fails.
- On the Analogy between Cognitive Representation and Truth.Suárez Mauricio & Solé Albert - 2010 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 21 (1):39-48.In this paper we claim that the notion of cognitive representation is irreducibly plural. By means of an analogy with the minimalist conception of truth, we show that this pluralism is compatible with a generally deflationary attitude towards representation. We then explore the extent and nature of representational pluralism by discussing the positive and negative analogies between the inferential conception of representation advocated by one of us and the minimalist conception of truth.
- A General Representation for Internal Proportional Cornbinatorial Measurement Systems When the Operation Is Not Necessari!y Closed.José A. Díez - 1999 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 14 (1):157-178.The aim of this paper is to give one kind of internal proportional systems with general representation and without closure and finiteness assumptions. First, we introduce the notions of internal proportional system and of general representation. Second, we briefly review the existing results which motivate our generalization. Third, we present the new systems, characterized by the fact that the linear order induced by the comparison weak order ≥ at the level of equivalence classes is also a weIl order. We prove (...)
- Peter Gärdenfors: The Geometry of Meaning: Semantics Based on Conceptual Spaces: MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2014, 360 pp, $37.00, ISBN 9780262026789.Ramesh Kumar Mishra - 2016 - Minds and Machines 26 (3):313-316.
- Symbolic Nature of Cognition.Małgorzata Czarnocka - 2016 - Dialogue and Universalism 26 (1):121-136.I propose here an image of knowledge based on the concept of symbol: according to it, the relation of representation that constituting cognition is a symbolization. It is postulated that both the representing conceptual model, i.e. a pre-linguistic entity acquired in cognition, and the true sentence it generates are of symbolic and not of mirroring character. The symbolic nature of cognition carries dialectical tension. We have at our disposal conceptual models and true sentences which symbolically represent reality. However, it is (...)
- Multiple-interval-dependent robust stability analysis for uncertain stochastic neural networks with mixed-delays.Jianwei Xia, Ju H. Park & Hao Shen - 2016 - Complexity 21 (1):147-162.
- A symbolic-connectionist theory of relational inference and generalization.John E. Hummel & Keith J. Holyoak - 2003 - Psychological Review 110 (2):220-264.
- Formal Representations of Orbits.Robert J. Rovetto - manuscriptRemove from this listExport citation Bookmark
- Homunkulismus in den Kognitionswissenschaften.Geert Keil - 2003 - In Wolfgang R. Köhler & Hans-Dieter Mutschler (eds.), Ist der Geist berechenbar? Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. pp. 77-112.1. Was ist ein Homunkulus-Fehlschluß? 2. Analyse des Mentalen und Naturalisierung der Intentionalität 3. Homunkulismus in Theorien der visuellen Wahrnehmung 4. Homunkulismus und Repräsentationalismus 5. Der homunkulare Funktionalismus 6. Philosophische Sinnkritik und empirische Wissenschaft Literatur .
- 24. Symbols.Jean O'Grady - 2000 - In Northrop Frye on Religion. University of Toronto Press. pp. 287-289.
- Principles of Knowledge Representation.Gerhard Brewka - 1996 - Center for the Study of Language and Inf.The book contains a collection of eight survey papers written by some of the most excellent researchers in foundations of knowledge representation and reasoning. It covers topics like theories of uncertainty, nonmonotonic and causal reasoning, logic programming, abduction, inductive logic programming, description logics, complexity in Artificial Intelligence, and model based diagnosis. It thus provides an up-to-date coverage of recent approaches to some of the most challenging problems underlying knowledge representation and Artificial Intelligence in general.
- Argumenty kondukcyjne.Marcin Selinger - 2014 - Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia 9 (4):53-63.The term "conduction" introduced by Wellman in 1971 is almost absent in the Polish literature on arguments. Contemporarily, conductive arguments are mostly understood as pro and contra arguments, which consist not only of normal pro-premises supporting a conclusion, but also of contra-premises (exceptions) denying it. We explain why such an interpretation seems to be attractive from the logical point of view, and we propose a formal method of representing conductive arguments and calculating the acceptability of their conclusions. The method allows (...)Remove from this listExport citation Bookmark
- New developments in the philosophy of AI.Vincent C. Müller - 2016 - In Vincent Müller (ed.), Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence. Springer.The philosophy of AI has seen some changes, in particular: 1) AI moves away from cognitive science, and 2) the long term risks of AI now appear to be a worthy concern. In this context, the classical central concerns – such as the relation of cognition and computation, embodiment, intelligence & rationality, and information – will regain urgency.
- Pancomputationalism: Theory or metaphor?Vincent C. Müller - 2014 - In Ruth Hagengruber & Uwe Riss (eds.), Philosophy, computing and information science. Pickering & Chattoo. pp. 213-221.The theory that all processes in the universe are computational is attractive in its promise to provide an understandable theory of everything. I want to suggest here that this pancomputationalism is not sufficiently clear on which problem it is trying to solve, and how. I propose two interpretations of pancomputationalism as a theory: I) the world is a computer and II) the world can be described as a computer. The first implies a thesis of supervenience of the physical over computation (...)
- Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence, 3–4 October (Report on PT-AI 2011).Vincent C. Müller - 2011 - The Reasoner 5 (11):192-193.Report for "The Reasoner" on the conference "Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence", 3 & 4 October 2011, Thessaloniki, Anatolia College/ACT, http://www.pt-ai.org. --- Organization: Vincent C. Müller, Professor of Philosophy at ACT & James Martin Fellow, Oxford http://www.sophia.de --- Sponsors: EUCogII, Oxford-FutureTech, AAAI, ACM-SIGART, IACAP, ECCAI.
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