Atonement

Edited by Daniel von Wachter (International Academy of Philosophy In The Principality of Liechtenstein)
About this topic
Summary Christianity claims that through Jesus Christ's death on the cross a man can receive forgiveness and thus ‘eternal life’. This is expressed by saying that Christ ‘atoned’ for man's sin. The texts in this category discuss whether and how this is possible. Different views of the atonement are for example the penal substitution theory and the reparation view.
Key works Davis et al 2006 is a collection of new articles about the atonement. Swinburne 1989 is a detailed theory of the atonement, arguing that Christ enabled man to pay the debt. Porter 2004 defends penal substitution. Anselm's Cur deus homo? is the most thorough early treaties about the atonement.
Introductions Porter 2004
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208 found
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  1. The Resurrection of the Messianic Prophet.Joshua Sijuwade - forthcoming - Philosophy and Theology.
    This article aims to provide an a posteriori argument for the veracity of the Christian conception of the Abrahamic religion that centres on God’s action of sending a divine and atoning prophet—the ‘Messianic Prophet’—into the world, who we can identify as the person of Jesus of Nazareth. This specific argument will be presented through Richard Swinburne’s (modified) explanatory framework, which focuses on assessing the prior and posterior evidence in support of this identification. This, however, will be done in light of (...)
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  2. A New Way of Seeing: Meaning in Life and the Christian Vision of Nature.Pierce Alexander Marks - 2024 - Quoir.
    Despite many warnings, the larger public has just now become aware that moderns are suffering from a crisis of meaning, in which everything we do and are can come to seem meaningless, futile, and absurd. We may doubt not only the meaningfulness of our lives, but whether meaning, value, and goodness exist at all. -/- That is where this book comes in. Within, forgotten elements of the Christian moral paradigm are described in their most basic details, and offered as a (...)
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  3. Repentance, Atonement, and Aquinas.Taylor Greggory Schmidt - 2024 - New Blackfriars 105 (1):61-76.
    Repentance is central to the message of Christianity. Yet, repentance has received little analysis in recent scholarship despite being emphasized by the church fathers. In particular, there has been minimal effort to understand the necessity of repentance in light of Christ’s atoning work. With this as the background, I explore fundamental questions such as repentance’s definition, scope, and role in salvation history. Furthermore, I attempt to more precisely outline repentance’s role in Christ’s salvific work. Underpinning the project is my view (...)
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  4. God as Both Hierarchical and Egalitarian: A Kierkegaardian Proposal Based on Philosophical Fragments.Jaeha Woo - 2024 - Toronto Journal of Theology 40 (1):63-73.
    After highlighting Søren Kierkegaard's emphasis on the absolute difference between God and humans, this article presents his explanation of why we can readily embrace our inferior position to God, which appeals to his understanding of love as involving the desire to be the guilty party. But this argument can be turned around to make a case that God would desire to be the guilty party in relation to us. This fits well with the story of God's love in Kierkegaard's pseudonymous (...)
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  5. Atonement: The Agápēic Theory.Joshua Sijuwade - 2023 - Theophron 2 (2):1-63.
    This article aims to provide a theory of atonement, termed the "Agápēic Theory," which is formulated within a philosophical framework that has the aim of humans flourishing to the maximum level through partaking in an everlasting relationship of love with God. The Agápēic Theory will be formulated by using a certain conception of love, introduced by Alexander Pruss, into the field of applied ethics, and also various elements from other existing theories of the Atonement found within the fields of analytic (...)
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  6. David McLachlan. Accessible Atonement: Disability, Theology, and the Cross of Christ. Studies in Religion, Theology, and Disability[REVIEW]Aaron Brian Davis - 2022 - Mcmaster Journal of Theology and Ministry 23:R47-R52.
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  7. Forgiveness and Atonement: Christ’s Restorative Sacrifice.Jonathan Curtis Rutledge - 2022 - New York, NY, USA: Routledge Academic.
    This book analyzes the relationship between forgiveness, atonement, and reconciliation from a Christian theological perspective. Drawing on both theological and philosophical literature, it addresses the problem of whether atonement is required for forgiveness and considers important related concepts such as sin and justice. The author develops a sacrificial model of atonement that connects an understanding of Christian forgiveness with the biblical narrative of Christ’s sacrifice and makes reconciliation between God and humanity possible. Offering a fresh and coherent argument, the book (...)
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  8. Compassionate Exclusivism: Relational Atonement and Post-Mortem Salvation.Aaron Brian Davis - 2021 - Journal of Analytic Theology 9:158-179.
    Faithful persons tend to relate to their religious beliefs as truth claims, particularly inasmuch as their beliefs have soteriological implications for those of different religions. For Christians the particular claims which matter most in this regard are those made by Jesus of Nazareth and his claims are primarily relational in nature. I propose a model in which we understand divine grace from Jesus as being mediated through relational knowledge of him on a compassionately exclusivist basis, including post-mortem. Supporting this model, (...)
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  9. Is the atonement necessary or fitting?Anne Jeffrey - 2021 - Religious Studies 57:1-9.
    In her impressive Atonement, Eleonore Stump claims that her novel Marian theory of the atonement meets a desideratum for a successful theory that Aquinas's theory does not, namely, showing that Christ's passion and death are essential to the solution to the problem of human sin. Here I suggest reasons to side with Aquinas, who says that Christ's suffering and death are not necessary, but merely a fitting way of solving the problem. If the fittingness of Christ's passion and death is (...)
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  10. Rahner and the Cross: What Kind of Atoning Story Does He Tell?Brandon R. Peterson - 2021 - Philosophy and Theology 33 (1&2):113-137.
    Classically, Christians have professed the saving efficacy of the cross. Does Karl Rahner? Recent commentary on Foundations of Christian Faith has described Rahner as conflating “atonement” generally with penal substitutionary theories of a changing God, as ruling out the redemptive significance of Christ’s death, and as denigrating the normativity of Scripture in order to do so. This article responds to these claims, unfolding Rahner’s soteriology and arguing that he advances a theology of the cross which affirms its saving efficacy, including (...)
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  11. Eleonore Stump. Atonement[REVIEW]Aaron Brian Davis - 2020 - Mcmaster Journal of Theology and Ministry 21:R31-R36.
  12. Conceptualizing the Atonement.Kathryn Pogin - 2020 - In Michelle Panchuk & Michael C. Rea (eds.), Voices from The Edge: Centering Marginalized Perspectives in Analytic Theology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    If belief in the redemptive nature of the life and death of Christ is to be intellectually defensible, Christian philosophers must have an account of it that is not only philosophically coherent, but also morally unobjectionable. Drawing on feminist theology, this paper explores the epistemological and gendered implications of traditional approaches to the atonement; namely, the normalization of submission to violence and the idealization of suffering. Conceiving of redemption as arising out of sacrificial submission to violence has corrupted the shared (...)
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  13. INTERPRETASI HUKUM KELIMA DALAM KELUARAN 20:12 BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN SEJARAH PENEBUSAN.Made Nopen Supriadi - 2020 - Bonafide 1 (1):65-83.
    The fifth commandment is part of the Ten Commandments that God gave to Moses on Mount Sinai. The Bible is the eternal word of God, so this fifth Law has a meaning that must be understood in the infinite dimension. The Bible gives the principle that if the man fails to do one of the commandments in the Law, then he has failed. There are many interpretations of this Law, but it only comes down to practical, ethical, and moral dimensions (...)
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  14. TINJAUAN TEOLOGIS REALISASI PERINTAH JANGAN MENCURI DALAM KELUARAN 20: 15 BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH PENEBUSAN.Made Nopen Supriadi - 2020 - Luxnos 6 (2):213-234.
    Tulisan ini berjudul tinjauan teologis perintah jangan mencuri dalam Keluaran 20: 15 berdasarkan perspektif sejarah penebusan. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah melakukan kajian tentang perintah jangan mencuri dalam Keluaran 20: 15. Kajian ini dilakukan sebagai pengembangan untuk memahami perintah jangan mencuri dalam Keluaran 20: 15. Kajian ini juga bertujuan memberikan penjelasan bagaimana penggenapan yang Yesus lakukan terhadap perintah jangan mencuri dalam Keluaran 20: 15, selain itu kajian ini akan menyoroti realisasi perintah jangan mencuri dalam Keluaran 20: 15 pada masa orang percaya (...)
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  15. The Satanic and the Theomimetic: Distinguishing and Reconciling "Sacrifice" in René Girard and Gregory the Great.Jordan Joseph Wales - 2020 - Contagion: Journal of Violence, Mimesis, and Culture 27 (1):177-214.
    Compelling voices charge that the theological notion of “sacrifice” valorizes suffering and fosters a culture of violence by the claim that Christ’s death on the Cross paid for human sins. Beneath the ‘sacred’ violence of sacrifice, René Girard discerns a concealed scapegoat-murder driven by a distortion of human desire that itself must lead to human self-annihilation. I here ask: can one speak safely of sacrifice; and can human beings somehow cease to practice the sacrifice that must otherwise destroy them? Drawing (...)
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  16. Stump's Forgiveness.Brandon Warmke - 2019 - European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 11 (1):145-163.
    To love someone, Eleonore Stump tells us, is to have two desires: a desire her objective good and a desire for union with her. In Atonement, Stump claims that loving someone—understood as having these desires—is necessary and sufficient for morally appropriate forgiveness. I offer several arguments against this claim.
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  17. The Atonement.William Lane Craig - 2018 - Cambridge University Press.
    How did Christ's death overcome the estrangement and condemnation of sinners before a holy God, so as to reconcile them to Him? A great variety of theories of the atonement have been offered over the centuries to make sense of the fact that Christ by his death has provided the means of reconciliation with God: ransom theories, satisfaction theories, moral influence theories, penal substitution theories, and so on. Competing theories need to be assessed by their accord with biblical data and (...)
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  18. Atonement’s Axiological Boundaries.Yishai Cohen - 2017 - European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 9 (3):177-195.
    According to the Felix Culpa Theodicy, worlds containing atonement and incarnation are of such great value that God is justified in actualizing such a world, despite all of the moral evil that has accompanied it. Focusing upon Alvin Plantinga’s articulation of this theodicy, I argue against FCT on the basis of normative ethical considerations. On the one hand, the deontic status of at least some actions depends upon the consequences of those actions. On the other hand, the existence of atonement (...)
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  19. The Promise of a New Past.Samuel Lebens & Tyron Goldschmidt - 2017 - Philosophers' Imprint 17:1-25.
    In light of Jewish tradition and the metaphysics of time, we argue that God can and will change the past. The argument makes for a new answer to the problem of evil and a new theory of atonement.
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  20. Eternal Immolation: could a Trinitarian coordinating-concept for Theistic Metaphysics solve the Problems of Theodicy?Damiano Migliorini - 2017 - International Journalof Philosophy and Theology 5 (1).
    The author contextualizes the Problem of Evil in Open Theism system, listing its main theses, primarily the logic-of- love-defense (and free-will-defense) connected to Trinitarian speculation. After evaluating the discussion in Analytic Philosophy of Religion, the focus is on the personal mystery of evil, claiming that, because of mystery and vagueness, the Problem of Evil is undecidable. Recalling other schools of thought (Pareyson: ontology of freedom; Moltmann: Dialectical theology; Kenotic theology; Original Sin hermeneutics), the author tries to grasp their common insights. (...)
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  21. Divine Forgiveness and Mercy in Evolutionary Perspective.Isaac Wiegman - 2017 - In Matthew Nelson Hill & Wm Curtis Holtzen (eds.), Connecting Faith and Science. Claremont Press. pp. 189-220.
  22. C.S. Lewis on Atonement: A Unified Model and Event, the Drama of Redemption—Understanding and Rationalizing the Tradition.P. H. Brazier - 2015 - Heythrop Journal 56 (2):285-305.
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  23. (1 other version)Locating Atonement.Oliver D. Crisp & Fred Sanders (eds.) - 2015 - Zondervan.
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  24. Atonement and the Concept of Punishment.Daniel J. Hill & Joseph Jedwab - 2015 - In Oliver D. Crisp & Fred Sanders (eds.), Locating Atonement. Zondervan. pp. 139-153.
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  25. ‘Harsh Love’ and Forgiveness.James Turner Johnson - 2015 - Studies in Christian Ethics 28 (3):266-272.
    While Biggar in chapter 2 of his In Defence of War cites Augustine in support of an argument for forgiveness and reconciliation, this paper argues through a close look at Augustine’s Letters 95 and 139 and Book I of his On Christian Doctrine that Augustine’s view of how the Donatists should be treated focused on their punishment, not on reconciliation in the sense Biggar describes.
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  26. Atonement and the completed perfection of human nature.Rolfe King - 2015 - International Journal of Philosophy and Theology (1):1-16.
    The ‘perfection account’ of atonement is discussed,under which Christ, on the cross,completed the perfection of human nature,establishing the full perfection of loving filial obedience, offering to the Father a perfected humanity, where these features were fundamental to the atonement. A basic perfection account is first set out. Two additional elements of the perfection account are then discussed: first, that Christ established a perfect victory over evil in our humanity; second, that on the cross Christ put to death the pull to (...)
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  27. On Radical Forgiveness, Duty, and Justice.Sanjay Lal - 2015 - Heythrop Journal 56 (4):677-684.
    In this essay. I explore questions pertaining to ‘radical’ acts of forgiveness as they relate to considerations of duties and justice. I will survey recent examples and show a possible philosophical basis for understanding them in terms of self-duty. Thus I will try to show that a little noticed basis exists for understanding acts of radical forgiveness as morally required (and not simply admirable or reserved for the saintly). I argue both that considerations of self-duty can provide a secular basis (...)
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  28. The Ethics of Forgiveness: A Collection of Essays. Edited by Christel Fricke. Pp. 212, Routledge, 2011, £28.49. [REVIEW]Zenon Szablowinski - 2015 - Heythrop Journal 56 (5):866-867.
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  29. Communal Substitutionary Atonement.Joshua Thurow - 2015 - Journal of Analytic Theology 3:47-69.
    In this paper I develop and defend a new theory of the Atonement - the Communal Substitution Theory. According to the Communal Substitution Theory, by dying on the cross Jesus either takes on the punishment for, or offers satisfaction for, the sins of the human community. Individual humans have sinned, but human communities have sinned as well. Jesus dies for the communal sins. As a result, human communities are forgiven and reconciled to God, and through the event of communal forgiveness, (...)
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  30. Atonement and the Wrath of God.Eric Yang & Stephen T. Davis - 2015 - In Oliver Crisp & Fred Sanders (eds.), Locating Atonement. Zondervan Academic. pp. 154-167.
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  31. Convenient Redemption: A Participatory Account of the Atonement.Anthony D. Baker - 2014 - Modern Theology 30 (1):96-113.
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  32. En Torno a la Legitimidad y el Sentido del Castigo por el Delito.Xabier Etxeberria Mauleon - 2014 - Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 70 (4):765-786.
    Resumo O plural e conflituoso entendimento da legitimação da pena no Direito, tem origem nas diversas intencionalidades que lhe conferem sentido. Neste artigo são analisadas as intencionalidades mais relevantes, destacando os seus modelos justificativos: retribuição, reparação, prevenção, expiação, reabilitação e restauração . Para melhor análise destes são também consideradas a variável da temporalidade e a variável dos sujeitos, que protagonizam a dinâmica do castigo . Depois, num momento comparativo, destacam-se críticamente as confluências e as oposições. Assim será possível concluir que (...)
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  33. Forgiveness. By EveGarrard and DavidMcNaughton. Pp. xi, 132, Durham, Acumen Publishing, 2010, £9.99. [REVIEW]Christopher Hrynkow - 2014 - Heythrop Journal 55 (2):339-340.
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  34. Forgiveness. By Eve Garrard and David McNaughton. Pp. xi, 132, Durham, Acumen Publishing, 2010, £9.99.Christopher Hrynkow - 2014 - Heythrop Journal 55 (2):339-340.
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  35. Collingwood on religious atonement.Dale Jacquette - 2014 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 76 (2):151-170.
    R. G. Collingwood’s philosophical analysis of religious atonement as a dialectical process of mortal repentance and divine forgiveness is explained and criticized. Collingwood’s Christian concept of atonement, in which Christ \ the Atonement the Incarnation), is subject in turn to another kind of dialectic, in which some of Collingwood’s leading ideas are first surveyed, and then tested against objections in a philosophical evaluation of their virtues and defects, strengths and weaknesses. Collingwood’s efforts to synthesize objective and subjective aspects of atonement, (...)
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  36. On the Ambiguity of Forgiveness.Stuart Jesson - 2014 - Philosophy and Theology 26 (1):131-150.
    This article highlights some of the difficulties that accompany any attempt to articulate an understanding of forgiveness that is at once coherent, just and desirable. Through a close examination of Charles Griswold’s book Forgiveness: A Philosophical Exploration, I suggest that there are good reasons to think that forgiveness is intrinsically ambiguous, both conceptually and morally. I argue that there is an underlying tension between the concerns that shape the definition, and those that are invoked when affirming the good of forgiveness. (...)
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  37. Sacrifice Imagined: Violence, Atonement, and the Sacred. By Douglas Hedley. Pp. viii, 248, London/NY, Continuum, 2011, £19.99. [REVIEW]Patrick Madigan - 2014 - Heythrop Journal 55 (2):305-305.
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  38. Probing the Logic of Forgiveness, Human and Divine.Cristian Mihut - 2014 - Studies in Christian Ethics 27 (3):288-298.
    Danaher suggests that doxological justice, grounded in an acute receptivity of the generosity of God, can decenter our current notions of justice. Instead I focus on what might be called doxological forgiveness, that is, grace-responsive forgiveness. The first section argues that a conception of forgiveness which I dub repentance-responsive is compatible with and even requires holding punitive attitudes. The second section sketches the alternative account of grace-responsive forgiveness. Those who embody this virtue have epistemic and theological warrant to entirely disavow (...)
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  39. The Absence of Atonement in Atonement.Charles Pastoor - 2014 - Renascence 66 (3):203-215.
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  40. Book Review: Glen Pettigrove, Forgiveness and Love[REVIEW]Travis Ryan Pickell - 2014 - Studies in Christian Ethics 27 (3):374-377.
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  41. Kierkegaard on the Atonement: The Complementarity of Salvation as a Gift and Salvation as a Task.Lee C. Barrett - 2013 - Kierkegaard Studies Yearbook 2013 (1).
    Name der Zeitschrift: Kierkegaard Studies Yearbook Jahrgang: 2013 Heft: 1 Seiten: 3-24.
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  42. Merciful Justice.Jeanine Diller - 2013 - Philosophia 41 (3):719-735.
    I offer a solution to an old puzzle about how God can be both just and merciful at the same time—a feat which seems required of God, but at the same time seems impossible since showing mercy involves being more lenient than justice demands. Inspired by two of Jesus’ parables and work by Feinberg, Johnson and Smart, I suggest that following a “principle of merciful justice”—that persons ought to receive what they deserve or better—delivers mercy and justice simultaneously, certainly in (...)
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  43. Atonement theory revisited: Calvin, beza, and amyraut on the extent of the atonement.Matthew S. Harding - 2013 - Perichoresis 11 (1):51-75.
    Throughout the bulk of the Reformed Tradition’s history within both Europe and the United States, most scholars have dismissed pastor and theologian Moïse Amyraut as a seventeenth century French heretic whose actions and theology led to the demise of the Huguenots in France. However, upon further introspection into Amyraut’s claims as being closer to Calvin (soteriologically) than his Genevan successors, one finds uncanny parallels in the scriptural commentaries and biblical insight into the expiation of Christ between Calvin and Amyraut. By (...)
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  44. Jankélévitch and Gusdorf on Forgiveness of Oneself.Andrew Kelley - 2013 - Sophia 52 (1):159-184.
    In this article, I examine the issue of forgiveness of oneself by looking at the writings of two postwar French philosophers: Georges Gusdorf and Vladimir Jankélévitch. Gusdorf believes that forgiving oneself is necessary for being able to forgive others. On the other hand, Jankélévitch sees no possibility of forgiveness for oneself and for similar reasons is very suspicious of traditional views of the role accorded to repenting and penitence. In short, the main view that separates the thinkers is, quite literally, (...)
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  45. Punishing and Atoning: A New Critique of Penal Substitution.Brent G. Kyle - 2013 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 74 (2):201-218.
    The doctrine of penal substitution claims that it was good (or required) for God to punish in response to human sin, and that Christ received this punishment in our stead. I argue that this doctrine’s central factual claim—that Christ was punished by God—is mistaken. In order to punish someone, one must at least believe the recipient is responsible for an offense. But God surely did not believe the innocent Christ was responsible for an offense, let alone the offense of human (...)
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  46. Imitating Christ's Cross: Lonergan and Girard on How and Why.Mark T. Miller - 2013 - Heythrop Journal 54 (2):859-879.
    The article begins with the gospels’ admonition to take up one's cross and asks how Christians might understand Christ's work on the cross so that we might better imitate or participate in it. Using tools from recent advances in literary analysis and systematic theology, the article attempts to provide some answer to this question. It considers contemporary feminist and liberation theologians’ criticism of the common but problematic interpretation of Christ's cross, what is often called ‘substitutionary penal atonement.’ It compares this (...)
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  47. Atonement.Linda Radzik - 2013 - In Hugh LaFollette (ed.), The International Encyclopedia of Ethics. Hoboken, NJ: Blackwell.
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  48. Time and the Nature of the Atonement.Amy Seymour - 2013 - In L. Kvanvig Jonathan (ed.), Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Religion. Oxford University Press. pp. 169-233.
    Standard practice in philosophy of religion is to evaluate certain theological positions with respect to how well they comport with desirable philosophical positions and vice versa. Objections to skeptical theism generally posit that the position requires an unacceptable level of skepticism. Compatibility with the doctrine of the resurrection is used in an attempt to break ties in the debate between dualists and materialists about human persons. And so forth. In this chapter, I undertake such a discussion regarding theories of time (...)
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  49. Can God forgive our trespasses?N. Verbin - 2013 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 74 (2):181-199.
    Believers regularly refer to God as “forgiving and merciful” when praying for divine forgiveness. If one is committed to divine immutability and impassability, as Maimonides is, one must deny that God is capable, in principle, of acting in a forgiving manner. If one rejects divine impassability, maintaining that God has a psychology, as Muffs does, one must reckon with biblical depictions of divine vengeance and rage. Such depictions suggest that while being capable, in principle, of acting in a forgiving way, (...)
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  50. “What could possibly be given?”: Towards an exploration of kenosis as forgiveness-continuing the conversation between Coakley, Hampson, and papanikolaou1.Carolyn A. Chau - 2012 - Modern Theology 28 (1):1-24.
    This article engages the conversation between Sarah Coakley, Daphne Hampson, and Aristotle Papanikolaou on the appropriateness of kenosis as a theological trope for women and deeply oppressed and vulnerable others. It affirms Coakley's and Papanikolaou's stance, which maintains that kenosis is a necessary or at least distinctively valuable category in Christian theology for understanding the transformation and redemption of all persons. The paper expands on Papanikolaou's analysis of the kenosis involved in the healing and recovery of personhood, arguing that the (...)
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1 — 50 / 208