The large scale, time varying, and diversification of physically coupled networked infrastructures such as power grid and transportation system lead to the complexity of their controller design, implementation, and expansion. For tackling these challenges, we suggest an online distributed reinforcement learning control algorithm with the one-layer neural network for each subsystem or called agents to adapt the variation of the networked infrastructures. Each controller includes a critic network and action network for approximating strategy utility function and desired control law, respectively. (...) For avoiding a large number of trials and improving the stability, the training of action network introduces supervised learning mechanisms into reduction of long-term cost. The stability of the control system with learning algorithm is analyzed; the upper bound of the tracking error and neural network weights are also estimated. The effectiveness of our proposed controller is illustrated in the simulation; the results indicate the stability under communication delay and disturbances as well. (shrink)

BackgroundFried physical frailty, with mobility frailty and non-motor frailty phenotypes, is a heterogeneous syndrome. The coexistence of the two phenotypes and cognitive impairment is referred to as cognitive frailty. It remains unknown whether frailty phenotype has a different association with hearing loss and tinnitus.MethodsOf the 5,328 community-dwelling older adults, 429 participants aged ≥58 years were enrolled in the study. The participants were divided into robust, mobility, and non-mobility frailty, mobility and non-mobility CF, and cognitive decline [subdivided into mild cognitive impairment (...) and pre-MCI] groups. The severity and presentations of HL and/or tinnitus were used as dependent variables in the multivariate logistic or nominal regression analyses with forward elimination adjusted for frailty phenotype stratifications and other covariates.ResultsPatients with physical frailty or who are robust were found to have lower probability of developing severe HL and tinnitus, and presented HL and/or tinnitus than those with only cognitive decline, or CF. Patients with RCF and non-mobility RCF had higher probability with less HL and tinnitus, and the presentation of HL and/or tinnitus than those with PRCF and mobility RCF. Other confounders, age, cognitive and social function, cardiovascular disease, depression, and body mass index, independently mediated the severity of HL and tinnitus, and presented HL and/or tinnitus.ConclusionFrailty phenotypes have divergent association with HL and tinnitus. Further research is required to understand the differential mechanisms and the personalized intervention of HL and tinnitus.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT2017K020. (shrink)

Link prediction is a key tool for studying the structure and evolution mechanism of complex networks. Recommending new friend relationships through accurate link prediction is one of the important factors in the evolution, development, and popularization of social networks. At present, scholars have proposed many link prediction algorithms based on the similarity of local information and random walks. These algorithms help identify actual missing and false links in various networks. However, the prediction results significantly differ in networks with various structures, (...) and the prediction accuracy is low. This study proposes a method for improving the accuracy of link prediction. Before link prediction, k-shell decomposition method is used to layer the network, and the nodes that are in 1-shell and the nodes that are not linked to the high-shell in the 2-shell are deleted. The experiments on four real network datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. (shrink)

BackgroundCognitive frailty includes reversible and potentially reversible subtypes; the former is known as concurrent physical frailty and pre-mild cognitive impairment subjective cognitive decline, whereas the latter is known as concurrent PF and MCI. The diagnoses of pre-MCI SCD and MCI are based on clinical criteria and various subjective cognitive decline questionnaires. Heterogeneous assessment of cognitive impairment results in significant variability of CI, CF, and their subtype prevalence in various population-based studies.ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the classification differences in CI and (...) CF subtypes from PF and normal cognition by applying clinical and objective cognitive criteria. Clinical criteria comprised Fried PF and clinical MCI criteria combined with the SCD questionnaire, whereas objective criteria comprised Fried PF and objective cognitive criteria based on the norm-adjusted six neuropsychological test scores.MethodsOf the 335 volunteers in this study, 191 were diagnosed with CI based on clinical cognitive diagnosis criteria, and 144 were identified as robust normal based on objective cognitive assessment from the community-dwelling older adult cohort. Individuals with clinical CI, including 94 with MCI and 97 with pre-MCI SCD, were reclassified into different z-score-derived MCI, pre-MCI SCD, and normal subgroups based on objective cognitive criteria. The classification diagnostic accuracy of normal cognition, PF, pre-MCI, MCI, CF, and CF subtypes based on clinical and objective criteria was compared before and after adjusting for age, sex, and education level.ResultsThe reclassification of objective assessments indicated better performance than that of clinical assessments in terms of discerning CI severity among different subgroups before adjusting for demographic factors. After covariate adjustment, clinical assessments significantly improved the ability to cognitively discriminate normal individuals from those with pre-MCI SCD and MCI but not the z-score-derived pre-MCI SCD and MCI groups from the robust normal group. Furthermore, the adjustment did not improve the ability to discriminate among individuals with reversible CF from those with potentially reversible CF and pre-MCI only SCD from MCI only SCD.ConclusionsObjective criteria showed better performance than clinical criteria in the diagnosis of individuals with CI or CF subtypes. Rapid clinical cognitive screening in combination with normative z-scores criteria is cost effective and sustainable in clinical practice. (shrink)

Post-stroke depression is a serious complication of stroke that significantly restricts rehabilitation. The use of immersive virtual reality for stroke survivors is promising. Herein, we investigated the effects of a novel immersive virtual reality training system on PSD and explored induced effective connectivity alterations in emotional networks using multivariate Granger causality analysis. Forty-four patients with PSD were equally allocated into an immersive-virtual reality group and a control group. In addition to their usual rehabilitation treatments, the participants in the immersive-virtual reality (...) group participated in an immersive-virtual reality rehabilitation program, while the patients in the control group received 2D virtual reality rehabilitation training. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, modified Barthel Index, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected before and after a 4-week intervention. rsfMRI data were analyzed using multivariate GCA. We found that the immersive virtual reality training was more effective in improving depression in patients with PSD but had no statistically significant improvement in MBI scores compared to the control group. The GCA showed that the following causal connectivities were strengthened after immersive virtual reality training: from the amygdala, insula, middle temporal gyrus, and caudate nucleus to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; from the insula to the medial prefrontal cortex; and from the thalamus to the posterior superior temporal sulcus. These causal connectivities were weakened after treatment in the control group. Our results indicated the neurotherapeutic use of immersive virtual reality rehabilitation as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for PSD; the alteration of causal connectivity in emotional networks might constitute the neural mechanisms underlying immersive-virtual reality rehabilitation in PSD. (shrink)

As the first stage of the formation of a collaborative new product innovation team, member selection is crucial for the effective operation of the CNPI team and the achievement of new product innovation goals. Considering comprehensively the individual and collaborative attributions, the individual knowledge competence, knowledge complementarity, and collaborative performance among candidates are chosen as the criteria to select CNPI team members in this paper. Moreover, using the fuzzy set and social network analysis method, the quantitative methods of the above (...) criteria are proposed correspondingly. Then, by integrating the above criteria, a novel multiobjective decision model for member selection of the CNPI team is built from the view of individual and collaborative attributions. Since the proposed model is NP-hard, a double-population adaptive genetic algorithm is further developed to solve it. Finally, a real case is provided to illustrate the application and effectiveness of the proposed model and method in this paper. (shrink)

The rapid improvement of technologies such as artificial intelligence in recent years has resulted in the development of smart technologies that can influence learning performance in different fields. The purpose of study is to explore the link between smart technology and learning performance. Using the S-O-R model as a framework, the researchers argue that smart technology will increase corporate trust, self-efficacy, and well-being, resulting in improved learning performance. The current model regards corporate trust and self-efficacy as relationship factors and investigates (...) their direct influence on employee well-being and learning performance and the mediating role played by these variables. Additionally, the function of employee well-being in moderating the relationship between corporate trust, self-efficacy, and employee learning performance is also explored. The respondents in the present study are made up of employees from 10 logistics companies located in China. The data analysis is conducted using the AMOS software. The results show that that smart technologies can affect learning performance through corporate trust, self-efficacy, and employee well-being. The implementation of smart technology initiatives by corporations may provide positive workplace outcomes for employees, corporations, and the relationship between employees and the companies that employ them. (shrink)

Resumo: Após o reinado do Imperador Jiajing, da Dinastia Ming, à medida que o problema dos piratas japoneses se tornava cada vez mais grave, começaram a ser publicados livros dedicados ao estudo do Japão. Entre eles, os mais importantes são Uma Breve Pesquisa do Japão (Ri Ben Kao Lue), Uma Compilação de Mapas Japoneses (Ri Ben Tu Zuan), O Espelho do Japão (Ri Ben Yi Jian), Uma pesquisa do Japão (Ri Ben Kao), Um registro de Costumes Japoneses (Ri Ben (...) Fen Tu) Ji) e A Biografia de Piratas Japoneses em Qiantai (Qian Tai Wo Zhuan). Entre eles, O Espelho do Japão é um especial. Além disso, há também livros especiais para apresentar a situação geral do Japão, como A Coleção de Mapas Militares Costeiros (Chou Hai Tu Bian), Resistência aos Piratas Japoneses na Dinastia Ming (Huang Ming Yu Wo Lu), a Compilação de Defesa Costeira (Hai Fang Zuan Yao) e a Continuação da Categoria de Defesa Costeira nas Regiões Zhedong e Zhexi ( Liang Zhe Hai Fang Lei Kao Xu Bian). Como Zheng Shungong, autor do livro O Espelho do Japão, visitou o Japão duas vezes, muitos conteúdos do livro são baseados em sua própria experiência e conhecimento. Portanto, sua pesquisa sobre o Japão foi além da literatura semelhante da Dinastia Ming, em amplitude, profundidade e precisão. Além disso, o registro e as análises dos piratas japoneses no livro são de grande valor de pesquisa. Antes da publicação dos Anais do Japão (Ri Ben Tu Zhi), de Huang Zunxian, O Espelho do Japão era uma das monografias de mais alto nível sobre o Japão, na China antiga. (shrink)

本書以20世紀80年代震動一時的“潘曉討論”為中心，為當代文學研究——特別是關於80年代文學的研究——帶入新的“問題意識”，一方面挑戰既有的線性文學史描述、豐富我們的文學研究範式；一方面將廣闊的社會、 文化“大本文”引入對於80年代具有代表性的文學“小文本”的解讀之中，以從方法上賦予當代文學研究以新質。.

Ben shu jie shao le gong zi zhen, wei yuan, yan fu, kang you wei, tan si tong, liang qi chao, chen tian hua, zhang bing lin deng wan qing si xiang jia de zhe xue si xiang.

This magisterial analysis of human history combines the insights of earlier generations of Marxist historians with radical new ideas about the historical process. Reading history against the grain, Neil Faulkner reveals that what happened in the past was not predetermined. Choices were frequent and numerous. Different outcomes - liberation or barbarism - were often possible. Rejecting the top-down approach of conventional history, Faulkner contends that it is the mass action of ordinary people that drives great events. At the beginning of (...) the 21st century - with economic disaster, war, climate catastrophe and deep class divisions - humans face perhaps the greatest crisis in the long history of our species. The lesson of A Marxist History of the World is that, since we created our past, we can also create a better future. (shrink)

內容介紹 本書為作者的清華大學博士論文。朴柄久對孟子與丁若鏞「內聖外王」思想的成因、內容、性質作了系統的梳理。全書既有對文本與史實的宏觀把握，又有有深度的理論分析，在此基礎上對孟子、丁若鏞「內聖外王」思想的理論 架構、基本內涵、兩者異同、繼承關係以及丁若鏞「內聖外王」思想的積極成分、消極成分作了客觀評價，對丁若鏞「內聖外王」思想的現實價值有精闢的論述，基本上做到了「持之以故、言之成理」。.

Ben shu gong jiu zhang, nei rong bao gua : dao lun ; fu za xing shi jiao xia de fa gai nian li lun ; zhe xue shi jiao xia fa gai nian li lun ; jing ji xue shi jiao xia de fa gai nian li lun ; zheng zhi xue shi jiao xia de fa gai nian li lun ; she hui xue shi jiao xia de fa gai nian li lun ; shu xue shi jiao xia (...) de fa gai nian li lun deng. (shrink)

本书循着时间概念的线索对马克思的重要文本进行了解读.作者认为,马克思在不同时期对时间概念的理解水平显示出其哲学思想发展的不同阶段.在对资本主义社会的出色分析中,他既揭示出时间之主体性的存在,也揭示出时 间之客体维度的存在.通过辩证的分析,马克思揭示了资本对劳动时间的剥夺以及它吊诡的文明与野蛮的特征,指明了产生时间异化的基础是资本主义生产方式.

本书是作者对文艺学美学现象和问题深入思考的成果辑集,内容涵盖文艺美学,文学批评,文学理论,当代审美文化,文学理论教材研究,戏曲理论,文艺学方法论等方面,基础研究与前沿性探索并重,具有一定的学术参考价值 .

本书分为五编，内容包括：简帛文本与古代宇宙生成论；从“三代宗教”到东周时代的信仰；心性、美德和境遇；经典、诠释和意义；共同体生活与公共理性、规范和政治伦理。.

本书力图在哲学诠释学与文学诠释学之间建立一种逻辑中介,并系统地阐述文学诠释学的重要问题,以文本、理解与意义为核心概念,在诠释学理解事件中系统地阐释文本与意义之间的内在关系,是本书的中心主题。.

什麼是當代新知識？它是怎麼發現、怎麼建構的？ 每個人所具備的知識都受到當代時空環境的影響，並且由於人生經歷不同，每個人對於同樣的知識也會有不同理解，並進一步創造或發現可以面對時代問題的新知識。 再現對當代的想像？東埔社布農族獨創排球新規則告訴你！ 在東埔社人創造的排球新規則中，第一局發球方同時發兩個球，只有兩個球都贏時才算得分，雙方各贏一球不算得分。第二局雙方各發一球，同樣是兩球都贏時才算得分，否則不算得分。這兩局都贏就算贏，只有平手戰到第三局 時，才恢復平常大家所熟悉的規則來決勝負。 新規則的創造是用來再現他們對於當代的想像。他們常說，以前只要努力工作就能成功，就如同過去打排球只打一個球，只要專心打這個球便可。但當代則完全不同，一個人必須同時注意許多事情而無法專心，就像同時玩兩個排 球一樣。 在文學作品、日劇啟發下，試圖找尋有效再現當代的觀念與解釋方式 ◆大江健三郎在《燃燒的綠樹》中，描繪既沒有教義、又沒有儀式、只有個人的修煉及諸教合一、以及一旦擴大就沒落等當代新興宗教的新現象，讓人重新思考如何有效處理當代的「宗教」問題。 ◆村上龍的《希望之國》中，日本國中生在北海道創立「國中之國」，使人意識到民族國家已經過時、不再是理所當然的存在，因它是會破產的。 ◆日劇「電車男」反映了網路不僅是新自由主義化的前提，更提示我們當代的人群結合方式早已超越了過去社會科學所強調的血緣、地緣，乃至於志願性團體等原則。 ◆「我們的教科書」中被霸凌的國中女生，創造出過去的我、當下的我、未來的我三個自我，來解決被同學視為不存在的透明人而導致自殺的問題，呈現當代多重自我的普遍化趨勢。 本書中，作者嘗試以自身生命經驗的體悟為基礎、以種種日常為啟發，提示我們現在與過去如何的不同，期盼人們也能從生活中體會新時代的痕跡。先感知才能有突破，才能思考如何創造「新知識」來面對新時代的挑戰，以及解 答未來我們將何去何從？本書試圖提供您一個探索及思考的方向。 好評推薦：（按姓氏筆畫排） 丁仁傑 中央研究院民族學研究所研究員 王甫昌 中央研究院社會學研究所研究員 李丁讚 國立清華大學社會學研究所教授 林開世 國立臺灣大學人類學博物館館長 陳文德 中央研究院民族學研究所兼任副研究員 黃冠閔 中央研究院中國文哲研究所研究員 張正衡 國立臺灣大學人類學系副教授 張隆志 國立臺灣歷史博物館館長 蔡怡佳 輔仁大學宗教學系教授 鄭瑋寧 中央研究院民族學研究所副研究員.

本书包括物质和差别,物质和元间,信息、生命,主观世界,元间的世界,客观世界和主观世界,虚系统和实系统,辩证本体论的渊源与革命等八部分内容。.

本书精选了六位哲学家的哲学思想, 分别是:康德, 黑格尔, 叔本华, 尼采, 维根斯坦, 傅柯.

国家哲学社会科学创新基地浙江大学语言与认知研究中心研究成果中国博士后科学基金资助.

国家哲学社会科学创新基地浙江大学语言与认知研究中心研究成果中国博士后科学基金资助.