Thus far, discarding such manuscripts as are copies of printed editions, we have arrived at the following grouping: 1. The group x, in which K is a copy of A, and B of C, while A and C are brothers, the former being only slightly superior to the latter. 2. SQq. Here Q is a copy of S, whose borrowings from Politian it incorporated. Q added some readings from C or K, and scholia and other readings from a manuscript of (...) the Ee stock; and after Q had received these additions, q was in turn copied from Q. 3. IID. Mr. Allen thinks it possible that, for the Homeric Hymns, these two are not direct copies of the same manuscript; and his conclusions may be accepted as indicating their mutual kinship in regard to Callimachus also. D's lost Callimachean portion gave some readings to Politian's text of Hymn V., and is in part represented by J. Lascaris' editio princeps of all six Hymns. 4.Ee, found to be brothers. 5. The group z. Here At appears to be a brother of F; and F stands apart from the z2 section, being nearer than they to xSTLDEe. Among the z2 manuscripts, Br is a copy of I, which is itself separated from GHA; this trio seem, on the imperfect evidence at hand, to be brothers. (shrink)

F is Milan, Ambrosianus 120 ;. foll. III. + 227 ; cmm. 25, 1 × 17, 8, with thirty lines to the page; cent. early XV. Contents: ff. 1v–125v, Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica, with marginal and interlinear scholia; followed by his Life. 127, Batrachomyomachia. 132v, Pseudo-Herodotus, Life of Homer. 142v Maximus of Tyre, πς τις λνπος η. 145, Orpheus, Argonautica. 168v, πκοοι κα πρòς ρπετ, i.e. Orpheus, Lithica, Il. 91–110, 115–140, 145–171, 176–202, 207–233, 238–266, 271–300, 305–332, 337–364, 369–398, 467–498, 500–531, 533–564, (...) 566–774. 178v–209r, Homeric Hymns III.–XXXIII. 209r, ‘Homeric’ epigram ες ξένους. 209r–227v, Callimachus, Hymns, with marginal and interlinear scholia. 227V, four lines. The manuscript is bound in leather. Marks of gatherings are lacking from the Callimachean portion. All the writing is in the same small and very neat hand. Ligatures abound. In the text, final letters are frequently written above those which precede them; in the same position, but in the middle of a word, α and abbreviated εν appear frequently; αι, ε, σ or ς, and abbreviated ον and ας, rarely. Iota subscr. is not regularly employed. Horizontal supralinear strokes are used 38 times to indicate names of persons. The scribe was a careful copyist. His major errors, not found in the common stock either of the manuscripts in general or of the z group, nor shared with G and H, number only 25 ; his minor, 43. (shrink)

There are many shortcomings in Otto Schneider'sapparatus criticusto Callimachus'Hymns. Some of these appear on a perusal of thePraefatio. For it claims a thorough collation for only ten MSS. (ABCdEFGHIM); scantier citations are given from seven others (fKLQRST), from theeditio princeps(called by Schneider D), and from the MSS. used respectively by Politian forHymnV., and by Robortelli and H. Stephanus for all sixHymns. And, besides the unusedcodex Ambrosianus A63sup.. there is on pp. xxxix–xl a list of MSS., with the places where they (...) have been reported to exist, only one of which (F) is represented in Schneider's collation. (shrink)

S is Madrid, Biblioteca Nacionale, gr. 24; foll. 136 ; size folio, with thirty-two lines usually to the page; dated 1464. Contents: f. 2, a Life of Musaeus, followed by' AντƖπάpou σƖδωτíον ĺς ƿ καĺ λέαծpoδ and Musaeus, Hero and Leander. 7v, two poems by Marcus Musurus, viz. a version of Musaeus' poem in ten hexameter lines and four elegiac couplets ĺς μονοαîo. 8r, three epigrams on Orpheus, written as one. 8v, Constantine Lascaris ĺς Ƭձ πpoλƳòμα ƬoȖ σoοȖ òpέως 10v, (...) πpìπolŋroÛ on the life and writings of Orpheus. 11r, úπóƟσς ƬoȖ πλoȖ Ƭ pƳoα Ƭlκѵ. 11v, úπóƟσς ƬoȖ ծέpoς 12, Orpheus, Argonautica, with frequent marginal notes, and corrections in red ink, in Lascaris' hand. 35, Orpheus, Hymns, prefaced by the invocation to Musaeus, 'Opùς πρòς μoσαîo ùƬνXς Xp έƬαîρ ; of the Hymns are given II.; VI.; VIII.; XXXII.; XL. (shrink)

The identity of the river S0009838800019376_inline1 is even more obscure than that of the S0009838800019376_inline2 . Strabo and Dionysius Periegetes alone mention a Peloponnesian river of the name.

II is Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, grec suppl. 1095;2 foll. 280, cmm. 33, 5X22, 8, with forty lines to the page; cent. late XV. Contents: f. Ir, Life of Homer. Iv–24v, Plutarch's dissertation on Homer. 25–222r, Iliad, with scholia. 223–4, blank. 225r–245r, Homeric Hymns III.–XXXIII. ; then the epigram єἰς ξἑνονς.4 245r an epigram on Callimachus' works, which runs thus in this manuscript:ϒμνῶ тὸν νΨίζνчоν ἐν πρώτоις δία.Фоῖβоν δ' ἓπειтα кαὶ тρίтην тὴν ἄρтεμιν.δῆλоν тεтὰρтην εἶтα λоʋтρὰ παλάδоς.ἒктην δὲ τὴν тήμηтραν Тὴν (...) παλαιТέραν.μέλπω δὲ γραὸς τῆς Фιλоξένоν Тρόπη.кαὶ Тὴν ТελενТέαν Тὲ Тὴν ἄγραν.кαὶ Тῶν μεγίσТων αἰТίων Тὴν ТεТράδα.σкώπТω δ' ἱπ' ἀραῖς ἴβоν ἀπоλλῴνιоνкαὶ Тὴν ἀθηνᾶν ѷσТαТоν μέλπω πάλινγρίФω βαθίσТω кαὶ δνσενρήТоισ λόγоισ. (shrink)

Thus far, discarding such manuscripts as are copies of printed editions, we have arrived at the following grouping: 1. The group x , in which K is a copy of A, and B of C, while A and C are brothers, the former being only slightly superior to the latter. 2. SQq. Here Q is a copy of S, whose borrowings from Politian it incorporated. Q added some readings from C or K, and scholia and other readings from a manuscript (...) of the Ee stock; and after Q had received these additions, q was in turn copied from Q. 3. IID. Mr. Allen thinks it possible that, for the Homeric Hymns, these two are not direct copies of the same manuscript; and his conclusions may be accepted as indicating their mutual kinship in regard to Callimachus also. D's lost Callimachean portion gave some readings to Politian's text of Hymn V., and is in part represented by J. Lascaris' editio princeps of all six Hymns. 4.Ee, found to be brothers. 5. The group z . Here At appears to be a brother of F; and F stands apart from the z2 section , being nearer than they to xSTLDEe. Among the z2 manuscripts, Br is a copy of I, which is itself separated from GHA; this trio seem, on the imperfect evidence at hand, to be brothers. (shrink)

A unifying theory of general anesthetic-induced unconsciousness must explain the common mechanism through which various anesthetic agents produce unconsciousness. Functional-brain-imaging data obtained from 11 volunteers during general anesthesia showed specific suppression of regional thalamic and midbrain reticular formation activity across two different commonly used volatile agents. These findings are discussed in relation to findings from sleep neurophysiology and the implications of this work for consciousness research. It is hypothesized that the essential common neurophysiologic mechanism underlying anesthetic-induced unconsciousness is, as with (...) sleep-induced unconsciousness, a hyperpolarization block of thalamocortical neurons. A model of anesthetic-induced unconsciousness is introduced to explain how the plethora of effects anesthetics have on cellular functioning ultimately all converge on a single neuroanatomic/neurophysiologic system, thus providing for a unitary physiologic theory of narcosis related to consciousness. (shrink)