Music can reduce stress and anxiety, enhance positive mood, and facilitate social bonding. However, little is known about the role of music and related personal or cultural variables in maintaining wellbeing during times of stress and social isolation as imposed by the COVID-19 crisis. In an online questionnaire, administered in 11 countries, participants rated the relevance of wellbeing goals during the pandemic, and the effectiveness of different activities in obtaining these goals. Music was found to be the most effective activity (...) for three out of five wellbeing goals: enjoyment, venting negative emotions, and self-connection. For diversion, music was equally good as entertainment, while it was second best to create a sense of togetherness, after socialization. This result was evident across different countries and gender, with minor effects of age on specific goals, and a clear effect of the importance of music in people's lives. Cultural effects were generally small and surfaced mainly in the use of music to obtain a sense of togetherness. Interestingly, culture moderated the use of negatively valenced and nostalgic music for those higher in distress. (shrink)

The biblical source mentions on three occasions the nautical journeys of Solomon, king of Judah and Israel, and Hiram of Tyre to Ophir in search of riches. Throughout the study, we point out that the mention of the journeys constitutes a theological construction, composed between the twilight of the 6th century BC and the first half of the 5th century BC, to magnify, in contrast with the nautical failure of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, the figure of Solomon as the (...) prototype of the ideal monarch to whom pagan nations, represented by the Phoenicians, render servitude,. The later biblical tradition, manifested by the Greek, Latin and Arabic translation, will continue to magnify the figure of the monarch, placing the location of Ophir on an increasingly more distant horizon. (shrink)

The boldest and most unsettling of the major early modern philosophers, Spinoza, had a much greater, if often concealed, impact on the international intellectual scene and on the early Enlightenment than philosophers, historians, and political theorists have conventionally tended to recognize. Europe-wide efforts to prevent the reading public and university students learning about Spinoza, the man and his work, in the years immediately after his death in 1677, dominated much of his early reception owing to the revolutionary implications of his (...) thought for philosophy, religion, practical ethics and lifestyle, Bible criticism, and political theory. Nevertheless, contrary to what has sometimes been maintained, his general impact was immediate, very widespread, and profound. One of the main objectives of the book is to show how early and how deeply Leibniz, Bayle, Arnauld, Henry More, Anne Conway, Richard Baxter, Robert Boyle, Henry Oldenburg, Pierre-Daniel Huet, Richard Simon, and Nicholas Steno, among many others, were affected by and led to wrestle with his principal ideas. (shrink)

History is familiar with great scientific traditions which have been substantial, effective, cumulative and progressive.* At the level of great eras of civilization, extensive and not episodic phenomena, very ancient Chinese science, Greek science and Arab science are objects of investigation for historical erudition, but also for the scientific historian and the philosopher of sciences. Many of the elements of these systems were the source of “modern science”, as it is called, or are integral parts ol’ this system of knowledge (...) and practice which has been constructed over a little more than three centuries. Diachronically, the “scientific revolution” of the classical age in Europe does not signify a total break with what preceded it: Chinese astronomy, Arab algebra and the hospital organization of the Islamic world were used, even if the ideology of scientists when they wrote their own history, particularly from the 19th century onward, tends to make of modern science a purely European phenomenon. (shrink)

La salle de dissection. Où le corps est incisé, coupé -- Le cabinet du philosophe. Où le corps est questionné, conceptualisé -- L'atelier et le laboratoire. Où le corps est démonté, photographié -- Le stade. Où le corps saute et court -- La bibliothèque. Où le corps se perd et se retrouve -- Le corps du délit. Où le corps souffre et se découpe -- Le corps dénaturé. Où le corps se perd et résiste.

Redakcja naukowa i opracowanie – Kinga Kaśkiewicz Przekład – Kinga Kaśkiewicz i Mirosław Żelazny Salomon Maimon przynależał do trzech kultur: niemieckiej, żydowskiej i polskiej. Pisał po niemiecku i hebrajsku. Będąc intelektualistą swych czasów, postrzegał samego siebie jako Europejczyka należącego do kręgu kultury berlińskiej. Nigdy jednak nie zatracił swej przynależności żydowskiej, o czym najdobitniej świadczy nie tylko tematyka, którą się interesował, ale też pseudonim, jaki przybrał. Nigdy też nie zatracił poczucia przynależności do Polski. Swoje dzieło Versuch über die Transcendentalphilosophie. Mit (...) einem Anhang über die Symbolische Erkenntnis und Anmerkungen podpisał jako Salomon Maimon z Litwy w Polsce i zadedykował je polskiemu królowi. […] Maimon to myśliciel często przywoływany, ale rzadko studiowany. Wielka szkoda, bo znamy kilka przykładów zainteresowania naszych filozofów wczesnym idealizmem niemieckim, a nawet prób twórczego rozwoju tego idealizmu, by przypomnieć Szaniawskiego, Gołuchowskiego, Brzozowskiego, czy w nowszych czasach Siemka i pozostawioną przez niego szkołę. Niestety, choć zakrawa to na paradoks, niniejszy zbiór rozpraw o estetyce, jeśli nie liczyć przywołanej Autobiografii, jest pierwszą publikacją tłumaczeń dzieł filozoficznych Maimona na język polski. Z tym większą przyjemnością przekazujemy go w ręce czytelników. Z Wprowadzenia. (shrink)

Versuch über die Transzendentalphilosophie - Mit einem Anhang über die symbolische Erkenntnis und Anmerkungen ist ein unveränderter, hochwertiger Nachdruck der Originalausgabe aus dem Jahr 1790. Hansebooks ist Herausgeber von Literatur zu unterschiedlichen Themengebieten wie Forschung und Wissenschaft, Reisen und Expeditionen, Kochen und Ernährung, Medizin und weiteren Genres. Der Schwerpunkt des Verlages liegt auf dem Erhalt historischer Literatur. Viele Werke historischer Schriftsteller und Wissenschaftler sind heute nur noch als Antiquitäten erhältlich. Hansebooks verlegt diese Bücher neu und trägt damit zum Erhalt selten (...) gewordener Literatur und historischem Wissen auch für die Zukunft bei. (shrink)

Allemagne, Antisémitisme, Art, Bloch, Buber, Cantique des cantiques, Christianisme, Création, Dialogue, Esthétique, Eternel, Europe, Goethe, Guerre, Hébreu, Idéalisme, Islam, Levinas, Mal, Miracle, Pensée, Politique, Première Guerre mondiale, Rédemption, Religion(s), Révélation, Ricoeur, Scholem, Sécularisation, Sionisme, Talmud, Théologie, Torah, Traduction, parmi une centaine d'entrées. Une somme indispensable sur le philosophe et exégète allemand de la Bible du début du XXe siècle qui fut un grand acteur de la culture européenne et l'un des premiers à jeter des ponts entre les mondes juif et (...) chrétien. (shrink)

Le monstre, dans ses aspects extraordinaires, est pourtant une figure familière. Il est abordé dans ce petit traité à partir du questionnement médical. Ambroise Paré, la famille Saint-Hilaire, Etienne Wolff, tous ont participé à la constitution d'un statut épistémologique et rationnel du monstre. Mais ce traité n'oublie pas le fort pouvoir suggestif du monstre et son importance pour l'esthétique (littérature, peinture, cinéma). Il aborde alors les oeuvres de Méliès, Cronenberg, Artaud ou encore Francis Bacon. C'est ce qui fait du monstre (...) et de la monstruosité un thème philosophique fort. Il interroge nos existences en nous questionnant sur le rôle que l'on donne aux monstres ou encore aux merveilles comme celles que découvre Alice au-delà du miroir. Ce petit traité vient en complément d'un précédent ouvrage intitulé La Condition corporelle. Il reprend notre interrogation philosophique sur notre rapport au corps. Le corps monstrueux imposait l'existence de ce Petit traité de la monstruosité. (shrink)

Salomon Maimon: Geschichte des eigenen Lebens Erstdruck in zwei Teilen: Berlin (Vieweg) 1792 und 1793. Vollständige Neuausgabe. Herausgegeben von Karl-Maria Guth. Berlin 2014. Textgrundlage ist die Ausgabe: Maimon, Salomon: Geschichte des eigenen Lebens (1754–1800). Berlin: Schocken, 1935. Die Paginierung obiger Ausgabe wird in dieser Neuausgabe als Marginalie zeilengenau mitgeführt. Umschlaggestaltung von Thomas Schultz-Overhage. Gesetzt aus Minion Pro, 11 pt.

In the present article, we consider the question of the primary elements in Plato’s Timaeus, the components of the whole universe reduced, by an extraordinarily elegant construction, to two right triangles. But how does he reconcile such a model with the infinite diversity of the universe? A large part of this study is devoted to Cornford’s explanation in his commentary of the Timaeus and its shortcomings, in order to finally propose a revised one, which we think to be entirely consistent (...) with Plato’s text. This analysis is an essential step for the understanding of the connection between the sensible world and the mathematical principles that underlies Timaeus’ cosmological account. (shrink)

In Cabo Delgado, Mozambique, the year of 2020 marked a dramatic escalation of military activities of the Islamist insurgent group locally known as Al-Shabab or mashababe. This intensification was accompanied by a more immaterial phenomenon: the rise in prominence of social media, both as battleground and as public forum. While the insurgents sacked and occupied major towns and district headquarters, the Web 2.0 networks - Facebook and WhatsApp especially - became the central arena in which the war was apprehended and (...) discussed. This essay is an exploration of the entwining of social media with the 'new war' in Cabo Delgado, focussing on the events that surround the conquest of the Makonde plateau, mythical cradle of the Mozambican liberation struggle. Building on a budding literature on digital militarism, the essay dwells especially on orality and the use of the voice note as a medium to convey information deemed to be more trustworthy and stable than images. Tracking these media and their interrelations, the essay establishes a narrative, however fragmentary, of the downfall of the Makonde plateau; highlights recurring features of violence in the Cabo Delgado conflict; and provides fresh insight into the formation of the Local Force (Força Local), a State-sponsored militia largely constituted by war veterans. (shrink)

This superb abridgement and annotated translation of Maimonides' monumental work includes discussions of divine language, the scope and limits of human knowledge, cosmological doctrines concerning the creation or eternity of the world, prophecy and providence, the nature and purpose of divine law, and moral and political philosophy.

Introduction -- Matter, form of cognition, form of sensibility, form of understanding, time and space -- Sensibility, imagination, understanding, pure a priori concepts of the understanding or categories, schemata, answering the question Quid Juris, answering the question Quid Facti, doubts about the latter -- Ideas of the understanding, ideas of reason, etc. -- Subject and predicate. the determinable and the determination -- Thing, possible, necessary, ground, consequence, etc. -- Identity, difference, opposition, reality, logical, and transcendental negation -- Magnitude, alteration, change, (...) etc. -- Truth, subjective, objective, logical, metaphysical -- On the I, materialism, idealism, dualism, etc. -- Short overview of the whole work -- My ontology -- On symbolic cognition and philosophical language. (shrink)

Les progrès scientifiques ont creusé un fossé entre médecine universitaire et médecine pratique. Les relations humaines entre malades et médecins sont allées en s'appauvrissant. Aussi convient-il de réintroduire dans le dialogue thérapeutique le sujet perdu de la médecine, la personne du malade. C'est la seule voie pour parer au danger de déshumanisation qui menace les institutions hospitalières et l'art de guérir tout entier. Le but de ce livre est de combler le fossé entre les deux médecines en proposant une formation (...) psychologique appropriée du praticien. Lucien Israël est agrégé de médecine et de psychiatrie, professeur de Psychiatrie à l'Université de Strasbourg et Chef de service au Centre Hospitalier de Strasbourg. (shrink)