Traditionell grundete die spekulative Kraft metaphysischen Denkens im Vertrauen auf so etwas wie eine innere, sachlich fundierte Bindung zwischen Sprache, Denken und Wirklichkeit. Freilich werden in dem Masse, wie die sprachlichen Bedingungen allen Philosophierens in den Blick geraten, auch wichtige (und traditionell unproblematische) Annahmen der Metaphysik fraglich. So bleibt als Alternative nur die Annahme, dass Metaphysik wie alle anderen Domanen auch als korrigierbare bzw. revidierbare Angelegenheit gelten muss. Damit durfte die Rede von einer "Ersten Philosophie" obsolet werden, nicht jedoch die (...) Idee einer philosophischen Branche, die unsere Auffassungen uber die Wirklichkeit eruiert und dabei allgemeine und allgemeinste Zuge kenntlich zu machen sucht. (shrink)

Among those in question, Aristotle 6 and the Peripatetics, the Stoics and also the Epicureans,7 were the main opponents 8 to For a good account of the...

SummaryThe common ground out of which the problem of “Language versus Reality” was to arise in ancient Greek philosophy may be characterized by the fact that words in general were thought of as names and thus considered to get their meaning accordingly. However, while Parmenides was actually committing himself to the position that language was altogether meaningless, Heraclitus seems to have believed that name and meaning are unrelated or even opposite to each other. Plato's Forms are clearly meant to serve (...) as objects of linguistic meaning and reference. Aristotle retained the fundamentally realist theory of meaning which he inheritated from Plato and thus became liable to the criticism advanced by the Stoics, who insisted that there is no isomorphic correlation between thought on the one hand and things‐that‐are on the other. (shrink)

Platons Dialog Parmenides bietet eine Auseinandersetzung mit innerakademischen Kritiken. Im ersten Teil legt Platon nahe, dass gewisse Einwande gegen die Ideenlehre auf einem unangemessenen Verstandnis der Sache beruhen: sie entstehen vor dem Hintergrund der Bewusstseinsgestalt der Verdinglichung. Die Brisanz dieser Diagnose wird im zweiten Teil des Dialoges verdeutlicht. Hier demonstriert Platon sozusagen ad nauseam, was geschieht, wenn diese Denkform gegen die Auffassung der Kritiker gewendet wird. Andreas Graeser untersucht den Platons Dialog genauer.

This essay examines the role of Parmenides in Plato’s dialogue of the same name. Over against the widely held view that this literary figure exemplifies the philosopher par excellence of an all-encompassing systematic of Eleatic provenience, it is maintained that Parmenides represents a particular frame of mind about certain philosophical matters, namely one which regards forms in a reified manner. It is suggested that by means of the literary figure of Parmenides, Plato is addressing in his dialogue inner-Academic debates about (...) the theory of forms, especially Speusippus’ conception of Unity, which betrays a kind of naive metaphysics of things, as can be seen especially in the first three deductions of the second half of the dialogue. (shrink)

The paper discusses the gap which opened up between the so called Anglo-American, analytic Philosophy and the continental, hermeneutic tradidtion and the mutual reproaches of either side against the other - e.g. the neglect of the historical dimension in philosophy vs. the lack of conceptual and methodological rigor. After an examination of the hermeneutic approach it is suggested that analytically trained philosophers should chng to their techniques and their ideal of clarity but not hesitate to cope with the issues brought (...) up by hermeneutics, while the hermeneutic approach recommends itself as a respectable tool for those pursuing substantive issues in the analytic stile. (shrink)

The paper discusses the gap which opened up between the so called Anglo-American, analytic Philosophy and the continental, hermeneutic tradidtion and the mutual reproaches of either side against the other - e.g. the neglect of the historical dimension in philosophy vs. the lack of conceptual and methodological rigor. After an examination of the hermeneutic approach it is suggested that analytically trained philosophers should chng to their techniques and their ideal of clarity but not hesitate to cope with the issues brought (...) up by hermeneutics, while the hermeneutic approach recommends itself as a respectable tool for those pursuing substantive issues in the analytic stile. (shrink)

In the light of contemporary perspectives a good deal of traditional philosophical thought can be read as relating to the issue of 'Language versus Reality'. The chapters of this book vindicate this claim; bringing together thinkers different both in temp.