This study aims to examine and analyze the negative stigma of Bajo tribe and its impact on the existence of the local culture of Bajo tribe. Data collection techniques are conducted through in-depth interviews, document studies and focused discussions. Data analysis is done through data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results show that the Bajo tribe is still regarded as an underdeveloped tribe, always viewed as a wild, unruly, rough, stubborn and introvert. Bajo tribe is also viewed as part (...) of society that is still paternalisitic and pragmatic, alienated, isolated, and left behind, has a low civilization that must be initiated with various empowerment programs. Bajo tribe is often also imaged as a prototype of willful society, because they reject development, even in the past Bajo tribe in Bungin was once accused of being the next generation of Darul Islam / Tentara Islam Indonesia. The bias of negative imagery results the change in mentality and cultural values of the local Bajo tribe into marginal positions. The mentality of Bajo society is now transformed into a consumptive society and false capitalism. Currently, there are many local wisdom of Bajo tribe who experienced weakening, even the oral tradition began to experience extinction. While the older generation who understand the culture of Bajo also diminish due to the age factor, and many younger generations of Bajo who no longer know and understand the local culture of Bajo, due to the weakness of inheritance system and cultural transformation of the older generation to the younger generation. (shrink)

The purpose of the study was to describe and analyze the concept and model of the style of leadership in muna communities which was abstracted through the story of Kolope Bhala Tumbu. Data was collected by depth interview, documentation, and focused discussion. Data was analyzed by data reduction, data displaying and conclusion. Result of the study showed that the concept of leadership contains in the story of Kolope Bhala Tumbu as follows; 1) leading by ear, means that a leader is (...) a listener, 2) leading by action indicates that a leader is a controler, server, and colaborator, 3) leading by charming that is a leader is a character that is respected not to be feared. as the criterion he must have a good heart, good deeds, open minded, be intelectual, clean, respecting, caring and loving, and always down to earth. A leader must see that his authority of leading is limited by ethics and moral that allowed him to rule. The style of leadership in the story of kolope bhala tumbu was a democratic-humanist style. This could be seen from the period of sucetion that run failry, transparancy, open, and volunterily through the proces of deliberation. In the end of the sucetion, paddy was augurated as the leader for the plants as he was considered to have all the good characters and criterion, able and capable. This story decsribed that the power of leading is limited by ethics and morals. This story could be inspiring the humans in the modern era to be a respected leader. (shrink)

Clothing choices create a “semiotic sparkle” for the individual, and convey meaning to viewers. In a global world, interpretations may differ, if wearer and viewer are from different cultures. This is the case for the hijab, or required Muslim dress for women, which has been profoundly ideologised. This study explores how young professional Saudi women understand the abaya, the long outer robe, as a fashionable article of clothing. Corpus data was analysed using Appraisal techniques. Positive results indicate they focus on (...) visual details, appreciate its enabling both comfort and elegance, and perceive design-diversification according to social identities, activities, contexts and roles. They view wearing the abaya as culturally authentic, more than a religious duty. Negative results focused on hot textiles in summer, movement hindrance, and cleanliness. (shrink)

Prospect theory, first described in a 1979 paper by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, proves to be an effective tool to explain how people evaluate risk and make decisions in experimental settings. Due to remarkable insights for social sciences, prospect theory has gone beyond economics and provided insights for international relations. This paper aims at using prospect theory to illuminate the nature of Australia’s engagement in the South China Sea and thereby clarify the essence of Australia-Vietnam cooperation. In terms of (...) prospect theory approach, the author argues that there are three factors specifying Australia’s involvement in the SCS, including: the rise of China in the SCS, Australia’s significant interests in the SCS, and Australia's proactive middle-power status. In light of certain common interests in the SCS, Australia and Vietnam have been sharing serious concerns about security and the risk of conflict in the SCS. From the year 2009 until now, both countries have actively enhanced diplomatic, political and military ties. Regarding Australia’s status and strategic interests in the SCS, the author asserts that Australia should make the SCS more secure by promoting contributions to accommodate its status in the Asia-Pacific region. The findings of this paper would provide helpful guidance for policymakers and leaders from Australia and Vietnam for a better understanding of the increasingly complicated security environment and how to create a more stable environment in this region. (shrink)

Iranian architecture and urbanism have developed in a historical process based on the different needs of people. The evolution of traditional Iranian architecture and urbanism may be characterized by eight factors: introversion, spatial organization, function of different parts, lifestyle, construction method, communication between houses, climatic conditions, and relationship with nature. In the recent decades, however, Iranian architecture and urbanism have faced a blind imitation of foreign cultures. The majority of modern buildings do not reflect the national identity of Iranian people. (...) This paper investigates the architectural and urban transformation in Iran based on the rearrangement of building spaces. In doing so, the paper explores the development process of major interior and exterior elements such as public entrances, private entrances, kitchens, rooms, yards and open spaces. As a conclusion, while traditional Iranian architecture attempts to preserve the national identity and meet the different needs of Iranian people, the modern architecture is a blind imitation of western cultures. (shrink)

The research is based on the study of literature. The problem of this research was uses of the spell in theater makyong. The study of uses of the spell in theater makyong is assumed so interesting, because until now theater makyong has still been using spell used by the Panjak chairman to chase away the evil and averse evil before the show begins which is well-known as the ceremony of the"discard wet" or "open land". The spell in theater makyong consists (...) of swearing, the evil, and averse evil spells related to ceremonies open land or discard wet, installing fabric spell, advanced series spell, make-up spell, perindang voice spell and pembungkam spell. The sources of the data in this research were obtained from litelature and the Tanjungpinang Art Conservatory Foundation which has kept preserving Theater Makyong till now. The technique of collecting data was done by using the observation technique, interview, and recording elicited from the Panjak chairman, especially about the spell. The data were analyzed by using the collecting data technique. Relating to the research findings, there were seven spells associated with the stage opening ceremony and wet soil or waste opening ceremony and five spells associated with inner preparations existing in theater makyong. The use or the role of spell was as a protection. (shrink)

This study aims at analysis and explanation of the phenomenon of the Islamic terrorism from a cultural perspective; i.e. a cultural reading of the religious violence phenomenon, and how the cultural systems would view the religion-induced use of violence at various levels. Generally, the unique nature of a culture sustains as well as revitalizes certain variants of extremism and terrorism. In the present study, the hypothesis was that the prevalent sociopolitical culture dominating the thinking of the majority of Arab Muslims, (...) which is originally inspired by the religious and historical repertoire, was one of the most effective mechanisms producing extremisms and terrorism. Hence, to stand up to terrorism most effectively, the overall thinking shall be revolutionized towards a civic culture drawing on which to establish the critical mindset based upon novel social values that are capable to interaction with the most recent breakthroughs of the contemporary civilization of the globe. The researcher, as a consequence, recommends reproduction of the current Muslims' culture by employing the educational and media institutions to disseminate an open-minded civic culture that tolerates with others, and accepts multiculturalism and diversity. To that end, the researcher adopted the Content Analysis approach to analyze the content of the dominating culture and its relation to the production of terrorism and ways of confrontation. (shrink)

Despite the enforcement of safety protocols, several workplaces and organizations still face accidents in Malaysia. SOSCO reported >34,000 workplace related accidents in 2012, 983 of which were fatal. Leadership is important when creating a culture that supports and promotes health and safety. Management and Team leaders are vital in inspiring workers to higher levels of safety consciousness and productivity, which means they must personally apply good leadership attributions daily. A ‘Safety Culture’ describes a safety management style in the workplace that (...) reflects attitudes, beliefs, perceptions and values shared by all workers with regard to safety. The objectives of this study include raising the awareness among leaders in the workplace of their role and responsibility in the mitigation and construction of a safety culture that approaches zero incidents in the workplace. The methodology used in this paper includes a qualitative literature research on safety culture and leadership in addition to a quantitative survey that focused on safety culture at two Malaysian universities. This research thus provides an in-depth analysis and platform for organizations to identify areas of weakness and concern and can lead to further research that builds on existing systems to strengthen safety culture awareness and praxis. (shrink)

Folklore is an important component of a national culture. With the advance of human society, old traditions exude more lasting charm. This is not just out of nostalgia but from a national cultural identity. Folklore photography is an image-based visual embodiment of the historical value of folklore and contributes to cultural recording and inheritance. It displays an unparalleled power of expression in all forms of art. In China, a multi-ethnic country with one of the world’s greatest ancient civilizations, folklore photography (...) shows rich and varied cultural connotations and forms of expression. This paper first introduces the value and significance of Chinese folklore photography, then reviews the important stages of its development and analyzes the difficulties and challenges therein, and finally looks into the future of Chinese folklore photography. (shrink)

This study aims to reveal elements of multicultural education in traditional culture of Muna, one of ethnic groups in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, by employing a descriptive qualitative research method. Main informants of the study included maestros of tradition preservation, traditional prominent figures, main figures of the society, and youth figures. Data were collected by conducting participatory observations, in-depth interviews, and focused group discussions. The data were then analyzed by performing data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions drawing. Findings of the study (...) showed that Munanese traditional culture contains values of multicultural education such as appreciation of others’ services and creations, harmoniously living with others, awareness of a fundamental nature of human as a creature subject to weaknesses, advocating the need to exhibit noble characters, recognition and respect of others’ right, high work ethic, and gender neutrality. These values of multicultural education are embedded in taboo tradition, traditional sayings, folklores, and traditional riddles. (shrink)

This study focuses on the theory of Asian solidarity of another genealogy that did not support the fascist regime and World War II to understand more accurately the discussion on thoughts of Asian solidarity in the 21st century. These include the thoughts of Miyazaki Toten and Yoshino Sakuzo and are characterized by the following: they involved universalism and Christianity, they were critical to Japan leader theory and they argued for universalism as a way to build Asia.

Every culture has its own repertoire of characteristic discourse patterns. In a discourse, authenticity, which is related to socio-pragmatic strategies, is also culturally influenced. As is often noted, Japanese discourse patterns deviate from the Western norm in that the source of the influential view is intentionally blurred so that it is not easily traceable to its asserters. When the decision process is criticized, people concerned can say, “the mood had the last say in our discussion.” This discourse pattern is referred (...) to as atmospheric dominance. The purpose of this research is to identify sources of the phenomenon through philological research, citing data from the Seventeen-Article Constitution, Manyousyu, Kojiki, and Nihon Shoki. Our main point is that the concepts of Wa and kotodama pertain to and constitute atmospheric dominance, which are defined with semantic metalanguage. This research clarifies how these two concepts are intertwined and work behind atmospheric dominance by citing documentaries, monologues, and newspaper articles, including the delay of publication of the meltdown incident in 2011. (shrink)

This research aims to study the properties, the purpose and the significance of folklore arts. Also, aims to study the conception of the folklore artists for preservation and promotion of folklore performances. This research applied the application of ethnographic study for collecting field data and organizes academic conferences. Academic conferences gather the notions of personals from different authorities to form a strategic plan. Participants of which, are the local citizens that locate on the basin of Songklha lake. The primary survey (...) has found that, there were variety performances of folk. However, the researchers will study for 4 categories includings: Shadow play, Manora Performance, Thai folk music, and LikayHulu. Each genre showcases fine attributes and unique purpose of Its own. The arts express the dwelling of locals, politics, top ographical terrain and etc. Furthermore, the artists suggest the objectives of preservation and promotion of folklore performances. The expectancy of this research is to inherit the inestimable arts of folklore performance to the future generation. The hosting of the academic conference, for strategic planning, is through the contribution of folklore artists and personals from different organizations. Elementary schools, high schools, the secondary education service area office, universities, children and juvenile training center office 9, Songklha’s cultural office, Songklha Rajabhat University’s cultural office, Nang Talung and Manoraperformance training center, Songklha Province administrative organization and students all get in the act of brainstorming, analyzing and criticizing. The aftermaths of the conference are to form a strategic plan on promotion and preservation of folklore arts across the Songklha lake basin areas. (shrink)

This research looks at the Afghanistan War from the Soviet invasion of 1979 until the withdrawal of North Atlantic Treaty Organization in 2014 through films chosen. This research demonstrates how the Soviets, supported by the USA and the Muslim world, operated on misconceptions during an insurrectional conflict against the Mujahedin. After September 11, the Bush-Cheney administration invaded Afghanistan, restricting the informative role of the corporate media system. According to Kellner, this action triggered a creative revolution in American cinema. Turning to (...) the production of documentaries, directors abandoned large-scale productions, preferring highly dramatically charged narratives of real soldiers and real action. The Afghan war, a fragmented, relentless, and unremitting struggle, is portrayed in 9th Company, Restrepo. And Armadillo ; and Kajaki, films that narrates the conflict from the NATO perspective, can not be won. (shrink)

In this paper, I discussed the possibility to argue for a human right to internet access in Confucian society. I argued firstly that Confucianism could properly accommodate the concept of human rights, even though it does not have an explicit term for it. Secondly, Confucian concept of min xin, as a similar concept of democracy with differences, is used in Confucianism as a normative concept to lay the foundation of the state and legitimatize the governance. Last but not least, I (...) argued that the roles that min xin are supposed to play in reality are never fully carried out due to the specific hierarchical information structure of Confucian society. I proposed that with internet, the concept of min xin would have to be able to play its roles properly. As such, the arguments that disregard internet access by referting to the protection of the Confucian values might not stand. (shrink)