Applied Ethics

Edited by Ezio Di Nucci (University of Copenhagen)
Assistant editors: Heather Stewart, Yiying Peng
Contents
1275 found
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1 — 50 / 1275
  1. added 2024-03-28
    Epistemic Partiality and the Nature of Friendship.Jack Warman - forthcoming - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice.
    The debate around epistemic partiality in friendship presents us with several tough philosophical puzzles. One of these has been articulated in two objections to the view that friendship can require epistemic partiality on the grounds it is incompatible with the nature of friendship. The first, owed to Crawford, argues that you should not treat your friends with epistemic partiality because your beliefs about your friends should be responsive to the facts about them, and epistemic partiality is incompatible with this demand. (...)
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  2. added 2024-03-28
    A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Colombian Adolescents’ Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: The Need for a Relational Autonomy Approach.J. Brisson, V. Ravitsky & B. Williams-Jones - forthcoming - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry:1-16.
    This study’s objective was to understand Colombian adolescents’ experiences and preferences regarding access to sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS), either alone or accompanied. A mixed-method approach was used, involving a survey of 812 participants aged eleven to twenty-four years old and forty-five semi-structured interviews with participants aged fourteen to twenty-three. Previous research shows that adolescents prefer privacy when accessing SRHS and often do not want their parents involved. Such findings align with the longstanding tendency to frame the ethical principle (...)
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  3. added 2024-03-28
    Zooming in on Justice: The Case for Virtual Bioethics Conferencing.Bruce P. Blackshaw, Daniel Rodger & Daniel J. Hurst - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):60-62.
    In their target article, “Proposed Principles for International Bioethics Conferencing: Anti-Discriminatory, Global, and Inclusive,” Jecker et al. (2024) highlight the growing international scope o...
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  4. added 2024-03-28
    Making Sense of Race-Based Affirmative Action in Allocating Scarce Medical Resources.Yuichiro Mori - 2024 - Res Philosophica 101.
    The aim of this article is to consider whether, when, and why it is morally right to treat members of socially disadvantaged racial or ethnic groups favorably when allocating scarce medical resources. Since the COVID 2019 pandemic has had different impacts on racial and ethnic groups, some U.S. states have given racial and ethnic minorities preferential access to COVID-19 vaccines, leading to controversy over the moral and legal permissibility of doing so. I examine three arguments for affirmative action—the compensation, equality-of-opportunity, (...)
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  5. added 2024-03-28
    The Biopolitics of Human Enhancement.Steven Umbrello, Cristiano Calì & James J. Hughes (eds.) - 2024 - Berlin: De Gruyter.
    The study of the social implications of human enhancement is an interdisciplinary work that draws from the fields of political science, sociology, philosophy, and bioethics, among others. It is also a complex and rapidly evolving subject that raises important questions about the potential benefits and risks of these technologies, as well as how society should govern and regulate their development and use. -/- An in-depth exploration of current and future human enhancement technologies,this book delves into the specifics of current and (...)
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  6. added 2024-03-28
    A Tempered Rationalism for a Tempered Yuck Factor—Using Disgust in Bioethics.Konstantin Eckl & Konstantin Deininger - 2024 - Asian Bioethics Review 16 (2).
    When it comes to invasive manipulation of animals on the biological level, reactions of disgust are common and often influential on people’s moral judgments. As a case in point, the Belgian Blue, a breed of hyper-enhanced cattle which will serve as a case study for the present article, has historically been met with revulsion. Traditionally, in bio- and animal ethics, this ‘yuck factor,’ has been denied any productive role in proper moral justification, since rationalism is still a dominant paradigm in (...)
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  7. added 2024-03-28
    Understanding drug exceptional access programs (DEAPs) in Canada, and their associated social and political issues.Pierre-Marie David, Kayley Laura Lata, Marie-Eve Bouthillier & Jean-Christophe Bélisle-Pipon - 2024 - BMC Medical Ethics 25 (1):1-7.
    Drug exceptional access programs (DEAPs) exist across Canada to address gaps in access to pharmaceuticals. These programs circumvent standard procedures, raising epistemic, economic, social and political issues. This commentary provides insights into these issues by revealing the context and procedures on which these programs depend.
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  8. added 2024-03-28
    Green Conferencing, Justice and the “Global South”.Sabine Salloch - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):44-45.
    The IAB’s selection of the Qatar-based Research Center for Islamic Legislation & Ethics (CILE) for hosting the 2024 World Congress of Bioethics does not leave the international bioethics community...
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  9. added 2024-03-28
    Participant perceptions of different forms of deliberative monetary valuation: Comparing democratic monetary valuation and deliberative democratic monetary valuation in the context of regional marine planning.Jacob Ainscough, Jasper O. Kenter, Elaine Azzopardi & A. Meriwether W. Wilson - 2024 - Environmental Values 33 (2):189-215.
    As conceptual and theoretical discussions on environmental valuation approaches have advanced there is growing interest in the impact that valuation has on decision making. The perceived legitimacy of the outputs of valuation studies is seen as one factor influencing their impact on policy decisions. One element of this is ensuring that participants of valuation processes see the results as legitimate and would be willing to accept decisions based on these findings. Here, we test the perceived legitimacy to participants of two (...)
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  10. added 2024-03-28
    Challenges of Bioethics Frameworks for Non-Democratic Contexts.Ehsan Shamsi-Gooshki - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):105-107.
    Spitale, Germani, and Biller-Andorno (2024) presented an ethical framework for managing risk and crisis communication (RCC) during public health emergencies (PHE) in their recent paper. They advoca...
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  11. added 2024-03-28
    Rights, Health, and Mental Disease.Laurence Houlgate - 1975 - Wayne Law Review 22 (67):87-95.
    Laurence Houlgate's critique of Shuman's "The Right to be Unhealthy" appearing at page 81 of the same issue of the Wayne Law Review.
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  12. added 2024-03-28
    Sot︠s︡ialʹnai︠a︡ moralʹ.B. N. Zvonarev (ed.) - 1901
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  13. added 2024-03-27
    The Altruism Requirement as Moral Fiction.Luke Semrau - forthcoming - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy.
    It is widely agreed that living kidney donation is permitted but living kidney sales are not. Call this the Received View. One way to support the Received View is to appeal to a particular understanding of the conditions under which living kidney transplantation is permissible. It is often claimed that donors must act altruistically, without the expectation of payment and for the sake of another. Call this the Altruism Requirement. On the conventional interpretation, the Altruism Requirement is a moral fact. (...)
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  14. added 2024-03-27
    Idealism, relativism, and perception of ethicality of employee behavior in Mainland China and Hong Kong.Vane-Ing Tian, Wai Ling Winnie Chiu & Hoi Yi Crystal Chan - forthcoming - Asian Journal of Business Ethics:1-18.
    This paper is aimed at investigating the differences in ethical perception between Mainland China and Hong Kong through qualitative analysis. The level of idealism and relativism of the informants are measured quantitatively. The qualitative analysis of the viewpoints of participants from Hong Kong and other Chinese cities offers a profound understanding of ethical perception. Contradicting previous studies, our research offers a fresh perspective, indicating that those with high idealism are not always the ones who condemn misconduct or advocate for whistle-blowing. (...)
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  15. added 2024-03-27
    Psychopathology and Metaphysics: Can One Be a Realist About Mental Disorder?Simoni Iliadi - forthcoming - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy.
    Metaphysical realism about mental disorder is the thesis that mental disorder exists mind-independently. There are two ways to challenge metaphysical realism about mental disorder. The first is by denying that mental disorder exists. The second is by denying that mental disorder exists mind-independently. Or, differently put, by arguing that mental disorder is mind-dependent. The aim of this paper is three-fold: (a) to examine three ways in which mental disorder can be said to be mind-dependent (namely, by being causally dependent on (...)
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  16. added 2024-03-27
    Community Perspectives Are Essential to Assess Risk in Emergent Care Research.Anushka Chalmeti & Jason Lesandrini - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):113-115.
    Understanding how research participants, and by extension, the wider community, perceive and evaluate the risks of research interventions is of paramount importance. The current study (Dawson et al...
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  17. added 2024-03-27
    The impacts of AI futurism: an unfiltered look at AI's true effects on the climate crisis.Paul Schütze - 2024 - Ethics and Information Technology 26 (2):1-14.
    This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of AI technologies on the climate crisis beyond their mere resource consumption. To critically examine this impact, I introduce the concept of AI futurism. With this term I capture the ideology behind AI, and argue that this ideology is inherently connected to the climate crisis. This is because AI futurism construes a socio-material environment overly fixated on AI and technological progress, to the extent that it loses sight of the existential threats (...)
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  18. added 2024-03-27
    Qatar’s Bioethics Meeting.David Magnus - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):1-3.
    What is the purpose of a large academic meeting attended by hundreds or thousands of participants? What are the reasons, given current virtual conferencing technology, to hold such meetings in pers...
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  19. added 2024-03-27
    Standing for Democracy – Bioethics Conferences and Totalitarian Regimens.Ayelet Shai - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):46-48.
    The upcoming World Congress of Bioethics (WCB) will take place in Qatar in 2024. In response to criticism regarding this location, The international Association of Bioethics (IAB) board members exp...
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  20. added 2024-03-27
    The Right Way to Approach Conference Site Selection.Merjan Ozisik, Johan Dellgren & Ezekiel Emanuel - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):29-31.
    Where should we meet? This may seem like a trivial decision, mostly focused on convenience. However, location can represent integral values, attitudes, and priorities. Especially when the meeting i...
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  21. added 2024-03-27
    To Swab or Not to Swab: Waiver of Consent to Collect Perianal Specimens from Incapacitated Patients With Severe Burn Injury.Liza Dawson, Andrew D. Ray, Benjamin S. Wilfond & Liza-Marie Johnson - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):108-109.
    This case is about a study of burn patients that included a request to the IRB for a waiver of consent for perianal specimen collection–a request which ultimately was not approved by a reviewing IR...
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  22. added 2024-03-27
    The Overlooked Risk of Intimate Violation in Research: No Perianal Sampling Without Consent.Jasmine Gunkel - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):118-120.
    There are few moral principles less controversial than “don’t touch people’s private parts without consent.” Though the principle doesn’t make explicit that there are exceptions, there clearly are some. Parents must wipe their infants. If an unconscious patient is admitted to the emergency room with a profusely bleeding laceration on their genitals, a doctor must give them stitches. The researchers who proposed the study in question, which would look for a connection between burn patients’ microbiomes and their clinical outcomes, presumably (...)
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  23. added 2024-03-27
    Fiduciary requirements for virtual assistants.Leonie Koessler - 2024 - Ethics and Information Technology 26 (2):1-18.
    Virtual assistants (VAs), like Amazon’s Alexa, Google’s Assistant, and Apple’s Siri, are on the rise. However, despite allegedly being ‘assistants’ to users, they ultimately help firms to maximise profits. With more and more tasks and leeway bestowed upon VAs, the severity as well as the extent of conflicts of interest between firms and users increase. This article builds on the common law field of fiduciary law to argue why and how regulators should address this phenomenon. First, the functions of VAs (...)
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  24. added 2024-03-27
    Making Ethical Considerations Transparent in the Formulation of Public Health Guidance.William Paul Kabasenche - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):97-99.
    In a town near mine, a small business owner used their changeable-letter sign to wage a public protest against a variety of restrictions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Unlike a great man...
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  25. added 2024-03-27
    Interrogating Sites of Knowledge Production: The Role of Journals, Institutions, and Professional Societies in Advancing Epistemic Justice in Bioethics.John Noel Montaño Viaña - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):63-66.
    Jecker et al. (2024) propose seven ethical principles to guide international bioethics conferencing, applying them to the selection of Qatar as the location for the 2024 World Congress of Bioethics...
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  26. added 2024-03-27
    Health and Data Equity in Public Health Emergency Risk and Crisis Communication (PHERCC).Calvin Wai-Loon Ho - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):102-104.
    The ethical restatement of the “risk and crisis communication in public health emergency” (PHERCC) matrix by Spitale et al. (2024) is a step up from mainstream approaches like the Crisis and Emerge...
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  27. added 2024-03-27
    A Justice-Based Defense of a Litmus Test.Stephen S. Hanson - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):58-60.
    Jecker, et al., argue against rejecting a location for an international bioethics conference based on a “litmus test” for several reasons, ranging from the practical to the theoretical. However, th...
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  28. added 2024-03-27
    Separating the Signal from the Noise in Public Health Messaging: The UK’s COVID-19 Experience.Gah-Kai Leung - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):99-101.
    Spitale, Germani, and Biller-Andorno’s (2024) PHERCC matrix sets out a useful and systematic framework for risk and crisis communication in public health emergencies. A problem in ensuring effectiv...
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  29. added 2024-03-27
    Ethical Justifications for Waiving Informed Consent for a Perianal Swab in Critical Burn Care Research.Jake Earl, Jeffrey W. Shupp & Ben Krohmal - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):110-113.
    The case (Dawson et al. 2024) describes an Institutional Review Board (IRB) chair who seeks consultation about waiving the requirement that investigators obtain prospective, informed consent for co...
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  30. added 2024-03-27
    Collaborations Beyond Conferencing: Exploring Broader Applications of the Anti-Discriminatory, Global, and Inclusive Framework.Tamar Schiff & Lisa Kearns - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):53-55.
    In “Proposed Principles for International Bioethics Conferencing: Anti-Discriminatory, Global, and Inclusive” the authors offer a framework for assessing the ethics of international bioethics confe...
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  31. added 2024-03-27
    Synergies in Risk Communication: Integrating Ethical Frameworks and Behavioral Economics in Public Health Emergencies.Junaid Nabi - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):92-94.
    It is a common misconception that individuals act rationally and according to their interests—numerous examinations of human psychology have proven that this is not the case (Tversky and Kahneman 1...
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  32. added 2024-03-27
    Ethical Tradeoffs in Public Health Emergency Crisis Communication.Justin Bernstein, Anne Barnhill & Ruth R. Faden - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):83-85.
    Spitale et al. (2024) address a public health ethics question of great importance: How should governments communicate with the public during public health emergencies? The article highlights severa...
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  33. added 2024-03-27
    I’m Not Welcome There: Why I Am Not Attending IAB 2024.Craig M. Klugman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):34-36.
    Despite the promise of international collaboration and sharing by bringing together bioethicists from throughout the world at the 2024 IAB conference in Qatar, I will not be attending. The authors...
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  34. added 2024-03-27
    The International Association of Bioethics Failed Its Rosa Parks Moment.Udo Schuklenk - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):32-34.
    In a commentary published in Bioethics I defended Qatar as the location of the 2024 World Congress of Bioethics (Schuklenk 2023). I have since, reluctantly, changed my views on this.This brief resp...
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  35. added 2024-03-27
    Thanks IAB, for Caring about Our Planet and Health!Cheryl C. Macpherson - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):48-50.
    Jecker et al. (2024) offer seven principles with which to guide conference organizers and assess how ethically a conference is organized. While focused on bioethics, these principles are relevant t...
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  36. added 2024-03-27
    Respect for Persons Is Not Always About Consent: The Importance of Context.Liza Dawson - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):115-118.
    The case (Dawson et al. 2024) raises tensions between the ethical demands of respect for patient autonomy, patients’ clinical needs, and research to improve clinical care. Given burn patients’ urge...
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  37. added 2024-03-27
    Optimizing the PHERCC Matrix for Risk Communication: Integrating Action-Guiding Models for Enhanced Accessibility and Applicability.Pranab Rudra & Frank Ursin - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):89-91.
    Spitale, Germani, and Biller-Andorno (2024) have proposed a comprehensive framework for navigating the ethical dilemmas associated with risk and crisis communication (RCC) during public health emer...
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  38. added 2024-03-27
    Using the PHERCC Matrix to Define Essential Workers During Public Health Emergencies.Elika Somani & Benjamin E. Berkman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):94-96.
    The risk and crisis communication process in public health emergencies (PHERCC, public health emergency risk and crisis communication) matrix, as proposed by Spitale, Germani, and Biller-Andorno (2...
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  39. added 2024-03-27
    The Ethics of Ethics Conferences: Enhancing Further Transparency.Martine Charlotte de Vries & Rieke van der Graaf - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):41-44.
    We appreciate that the theme “ethics of ethics conferences” that we introduced in 2023 (Van der Graaf et al. 2023) was echoed by the previous and current presidents of the International Association...
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  40. added 2024-03-27
    Two Models of Bioethics.Julian Savulescu - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):37-38.
    Some of my colleagues will sadly not be attending the IAB World Congress in Qatar. Amongst other things, they wish to take a stand against Qatar’s human rights record and the treatment of women and...
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  41. added 2024-03-27
    Ethics of Conferencing.Mehrunisha Suleman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):38-41.
    Bioethics, as a field, grapples with ethical implications of biological and medical advancements. The global nature of these challenges necessitates international collaboration and discourse. At th...
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  42. added 2024-03-27
    Re-thinking the Ethics of International Bioethics Conferencing.Timothy Emmanuel Brown, Nicole Martinez-Martin & Laura Yenisa Cabrera - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):55-57.
    Jecker and colleagues open (2024) a critical and needed dialogue about the ethics of international conferencing. In particular, they focus on proposing a set of principles in selecting the location...
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  43. added 2024-03-27
    Tailoring responsible research and innovation to the translational context: the case of AI-supported exergaming.Sabrina Blank, Celeste Mason, Frank Steinicke & Christian Herzog - 2024 - Ethics and Information Technology 26 (2):1-16.
    We discuss the implementation of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) within a project for the development of an AI-supported exergame for assisted movement training, outline outcomes and reflect on methodological opportunities and limitations. We adopted the responsibility-by-design (RbD) standard (CEN CWA 17796:2021) supplemented by methods for collaborative, ethical reflection to foster and support a shift towards a culture of trustworthiness inherent to the entire development process. An embedded ethicist organised the procedure to instantiate a collaborative learning effort and implement RRI (...)
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  44. added 2024-03-27
    Think Like a Journalist and Act as a Risk and Crisis Communicator in the Context of Public Health Emergencies.Cesare Buquicchio - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):86-89.
    For risk and crisis communication in health emergencies and for the management of infodemics, now is the time to intervene. A time that precedes the arrival of the next health emergency and a time...
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  45. added 2024-03-27
    International Bioethics Conferencing: “Can the Subaltern Speak?”.Hazar Haidar & Aliya Affdal - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):50-52.
    In their paper titled “Proposed Principles for International Bioethics Conferencing: Anti-Discriminatory, Global, and Inclusive,” Jecker et al. eloquently present essential principles for Internati...
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  46. added 2024-03-27
    The Psychological Process Underlying Attitudes Toward Human-Animal Chimeric Brain Research: An Empirical Investigation.Tetsushi Tanibe, Takumi Watanabe, Mineki Oguchi, Kazuki Iijima & Koji Ota - 2024 - Neuroethics 17 (1):1-19.
    This study adopted an empirical method to investigate lay people’s attitudes toward the bioethical issues of human-animal chimeric brains. The results of online surveys showed that (1) people did not entirely reject chimeric brain research, but showed slightly more negative responses than ordinary animal testing; and that (2) their ethical concerns arose in connection with the perception that chimerism in the brain would humanize the animal. This means that people’s psychology was consistent with the ethical argument that crossing the human-animal (...)
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  47. added 2024-03-26
    The Relevance Thesis and the Trap of Mistakenly Strict Principles about Abortion.Lawrence Masek - manuscript
    I argue that physicians can save women from life-threatening pregnancies by performing a craniotomy, placentectomy, or salpingotomy without intending death or harm. To support this conclusion, I defend the relevance thesis about intentions (a person intends X only if X explains the action). I then criticize the identity thesis (if a person intends X and knows X is Y then the person intends Y) and three mistakenly strict moral principles: (1) one may not intend something that is a serious harm (...)
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  48. added 2024-03-26
    A Species‐Focused Approach to Assessing Speciesism.Alex Murphy - forthcoming - Journal of Applied Philosophy.
    Speciesism, broadly understood as the view that species membership is a morally relevant property, has been a central topic of debate within animal ethics for around 50 years. However, in all this time, animal ethicists have paid relatively scant attention to the nature of species membership itself. This seems potentially regrettable, since species membership's precise nature is presumably highly pertinent to the question of its exact moral relevance. Here, I advocate for a ‘species-focused’ approach to assessing speciesism, arguing that, in (...)
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  49. added 2024-03-26
    The Free-Riding Issue in Contemporary Organizations: Lessons from the Common Good Perspective.Sandrine Frémeaux, Guillaume Mercier & Anouk Grevin - forthcoming - Business Ethics Quarterly:1-26.
    Free riding involves benefiting from common resources or services while avoiding contributing to their production and maintenance. Few studies have adequately investigated the propensity to overestimate the prevalence of free riding. This is a significant omission, as exaggeration of the phenomenon is often used to justify control and coercion systems. To address this gap, we investigate how the common good approach may mitigate the flaws of a system excessively focused on free-riding risk. In this conceptual paper featuring illustrative vignettes, we (...)
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  50. added 2024-03-26
    Fostering relational autonomy in end-of-life care: a procedural approach and three-dimensional decision-making model.Kar-Fai Foo, Ya-Ping Lin, Cheng-Pei Lin & Yu-Chun Chen - forthcoming - Journal of Medical Ethics.
    Respect for patient autonomy is paramount in resolving ethical tensions in end-of-life care. The concept of relational autonomy has contributed to this debate; however, scholars often use this concept in a fragmented manner. This leads to partial answers on ascertaining patients’ true wishes, meaningfully engaging patients’ significant others, balancing interests among patients and significant others, and determining clinicians’ obligations to change patients’ unconventional convictions to enhance patient autonomy. A satisfactory solution based on relational autonomy must incorporate patients’ competence (apart from (...)
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