OAI Archive: Publikationer från KTH

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100 entries most recently downloaded from the archive "Publikationer från KTH"

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  1. Bridging Temporal and Transport Justice : A case for considerations of time use in urban justice.Maria Nordström - unknown
    The transportation system is essential for urban life – the spatial nature of our cities requires us to travel. Hence, we need to spend time in transit. However, time is a scarce resource. In transportation research, travel time savings are the key benefit of transportation improvements. Yet, “time savings” primarily function as a proxy for presumed societal benefits rather than reflect actual reductions in travel time. Moreover, time constraints are rarely considered in the transport justice literature. Based on the case (...)
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  2. Assigning Functions to Medical Technologies.Alexander Mebius - unknown
    Modern health care relies extensively on the use of technologies forassessing and treating patients, so it is important to be certain that health care technologies (i.e., pharmaceuticals, devices, procedures, and organizational systems) perform their professed functions in an effective and safe manner. Philosophers of technology have developed methods to assign and evaluate the functions of technological products, the major elements of which are described in the ICE theory. This paper questions whether the standard of evidence advocated by the ICE theory (...)
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  3. Intra-Representational Practice : An Inquiry into the Conditions for the Possibility of Interdisciplinary Imaginative Collaborative Architectural Modeling in Sustainable Urban Design.Pehr-Mikael Sällström - unknown
    A consequence of the concern for a sustainable future is that the number of experts needed to be included in the imaginative stage of architectural modeling is rising. This motivates a better understanding of the conditions for the possibility of transgressive collaborative plural imagination in architectural modeling. This dissertation is an argument for the thesis that the intermediation enacted by the materiality of the architectural representation of a project constitutes an underestimated condition for the possibility of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaborative (...)
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  4. The Rationality and Moral Acceptability of Vision Zero Goal and Its Interventions.Henok Girma Abebe - unknown
    This licentiate thesis discusses moral issues associated with road safety work, with a particular emphasis on the Vision Zero goal and its interventions. The licentiate thesis contains three articles and an introduction that briefly discusses issues and arguments presented in the articles. The first article, identifies, systematically categorizes and evaluates arguments against VZ. Moral, operational, and rationality related criticisms against the adoption and implementation of VZ are identified and discussed. The second article in this thesis seeks to reconcile the methods (...)
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  5. Deliberating value : On the theory and practice of valuation of nature from neoclassical to ecological economics.Lina Isacs - 2021 - Dissertation, Kth Royal Institute of Technology
    This thesis is about whether it is a good idea to place monetary value on nature, to remedy the fact that we treat it as having no particular value to us humans, although it clearly has. The thesis is based on five research papers that can be said to position themselves on opposite sides in the debate on monetisation of nature. The first two papers consider the basis of neoclassical environmental economics and apply the value theory and valuation methods from (...)
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  6. Pictures and Mathematics : Essays on Geometrical Representation, Pictorial Realism and Representational Abilities.Anna Stenkvist - 2014 - Dissertation, Kth Royal Institute of Technology
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  7. Faculty in Withdrawal: Not to Know and the Uncertainties of Self-institutionalisation.Tijana Stevanovic - 2013 - In Vincent van Gerven Oei, Adam Staley Groves & Nico Jenkins (eds.), Pedagogies of Disaster.
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  8. On Non-Prioritized Multiple Belief Revision.Li Zhang - 2018 - Dissertation, Kth Royal Institute of Technology
    This thesis investigates a sort of non-prioritized multiple revision, the operation of making up one's mind, and its generalization, the operation of choice revision. Making up one's mind about a sentence is a belief change that takes the agent to a belief state in which either the sentence or its negation is believed. In choice revision, the input information is represented by a set of sentences, and the agent should make a choice on which sentences to be accepted. Apart from (...)
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  9. Effects of changing practitioner empathy and patient expectations in healthcare consultations.Jeremy Howick, Thomas R. Fanshawe, Alexander Mebius, Carl J. Heneghan, Felicity Bishop, Paul Little, Patriek Mistiaen & Nia W. Roberts - 2015 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 11:Art. No.: CD011934..
    This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: -/- The main aim of this review will be to assess the effects of changing practitioner empathy or patient expectations for all conditions. The main objective is to conduct a systematic review of randomised trials where the intervention involves manipulating either (a) practitioner empathy or (b) patient expectations, or (c) both.
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  10. Ambiguity at the heart of design work : Sensing and negotiating ambiguity in knowledge-creation work.Charlotta Linse - unknown
    Ambiguities have long intrigued design and new product development (NPD) researchers: The fascination seems rooted in an endeavor to understand how design outcomes may be created despite the ambiguous nature of such work. There are several classic contributions on how to categorize, avoid and approach ambiguities. Some of the newer theories have also pointed to benefits arising from temporarily sustaining ambiguity. Little research has considered how ambiguities emerge, how ambiguities are sensed by practitioners, and the actions the practitioners take, either (...)
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  11. Military Operations Planning and Methodology : Thoughts on military problem-solving.Robert Erdeniz - unknown
    This thesis discusses military operations planning and methodology by reviewing two of NATO’s planning documents, i.e. the ‘Allied Joint Doctrine for Operational-Level Planning’ and the ‘Comprehensive Operations Planning Directive’, and defends the following claim. Parts of the description of NATO’s Operational-Level Planning Process, as described in the AJP 5 and the COPD, is methodologically inconsistent, due to epistemic and practical implications of methodology. As such, the thesis discusses three topics: approaches to Operational Art, planning heuristics and implications of methodology. The (...)
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  12. Risk Analysis of Intentional Electromagnetic Interference on Critical Infrastructures.Benjamin Donald Oakes - unknown
    Our modern society depends on the functioning and interplay of a wealth of infrastructures. Practicallyall of these infrastructures are in some form or another, dependent on electrical and electronicsystems. The majority of modern infrastructure is dependent on electric power and controlled bySupervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems. Electronic systems are sensitive toelectromagnetic interference and at the same time, sources of electromagnetic interference are becomingmore readily available on the market.This means that certain important electronic infrastructure could be exposed to the risk (...)
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  13. Semantic Information and Information Security : Definitional Issues.Björn Lundgren - unknown
    This licentiate thesis consist of two separate research papers which concern two tangential topics – that of semantic information and that of information security. Both topics are approached by similar methods, i.e. with a concern about conceptual and definitional issues. In Paper I – concerning the concept of information, and a semantic conception thereof – the conceptual, and definitional, issues focus on one property, that of truthfulness. It is argued – against the veridicality thesis – that semantic information need not (...)
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  14. The aesthetic turn : Exploring the religious dimensions of digital technology.Henrik Åhman - unknown
    The arena for developing digital technology has undergone an aesthetic turn, broadening the focus from a functionalist approach producing centralized systems in the 1970s and 1980s to an increased awareness of the aesthetic aspects of the individual user’s interaction with technology in the 1990s and 2000s. Within the academic research fields studying digital technology (e.g. Human-Computer Interaction and Interaction Design) the aesthetic turn has resulted in a shift from a strong emphasis on user behaviour to an increased interest in aesthetic (...)
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  15. Unfit to live among others : Essays on the ethics of imprisonment.William Bülow - unknown
    This thesis provides an ethical analysis of imprisonment as a mode of punishment. Consisting in an introduction and four papers the thesis addresses several important questions concerning imprisonment from a number of different perspectives and theoretical starting points. One overall conclusion of this thesis is that imprisonment, as a mode of punishment, deserves more attention from moral and legal philosophers. It is also concluded that a more complete ethical assessment of prison conditions and prison management requires a broader focus. It (...)
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  16. A pragmatist theory of design : The impact of the pragmatist philosophy of John Dewey on architecture and design.Leif E. Östman - unknown
    This study is an inquiry into design-theoretical aspects of architectural design in Finland based mainly on the pragmatist philosophy of John Dewey. The study comprises two case studies. The. rst case deals with a young family designing their future home – a detached house built from prefabricated components – in cooperation with an architect. The second case deals with the design process of a leading Finnish architect, Professor Ilmari Lahdelma, as he prepares his proposal for an architectural competition for a (...)
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  17. Interaction as existential practice : An explorative study of Mark C. Taylor’s philosophical project and its potential consequences for Human-Computer Interaction.Henrik Åhman - unknown
    This thesis discusses the potential consequences of applying the philosophy of Mark C. Taylor to the field of Human-Computer Interaction. The first part of the thesis comprises a study focusing on two discursive trends in contemporary HCI, materiality and the self, and how these discourses describe interaction. Through a qualitative, inductive content analysis of 171 HCI research articles, a number of themes are identified in the literature and, it is argued, construct a dominant perspective of materiality, the self, and interaction. (...)
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  18. The philosophy of technology in an intercultural Chinese-Western perspective.GuiHong Cao - unknown
    This thesis explores the philosophy of technology in an intercultural context of China and the West. It aims to investigate the interrelations and intercultural exchanges between Chinese philosophy of technology and Western philosophy of technology for achieving improved mutual understanding and inclusive growth. It consists of an introduction and the following papers. Paper I argues that Chinese philosophy of technology is not a parallel tradition, compared with Western philosophy of technology. The tradition of the philosophy of technology is practicing in (...)
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  19. Cautiously utopian goals : Philosophical analyses of climate change objectives and sustainability targets.Patrik Baard - 2016 - Dissertation, Kth Royal Institute of Technology
    In this thesis, the framework within which long-term goals are set and subsequently achieved or approached is analyzed. Sustainable development and climate change are areas in which goals have tobe set despite uncertainties. The analysis is divided into the normative motivations for setting such goals, what forms of goals could be set given the empirical and normative uncertainties, and how tomanage doubts regarding achievability or values after a goal has been set. Paper I discusses a set of questions that moral (...)
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  20. Philosophical controversies in the evaluation of medical treatments : With a focus on the evidential roles of randomization and mechanisms in Evidence-Based Medicine.Alexander Mebius - 2015 - Dissertation, Kth Royal Institute of Technology
    This thesis examines philosophical controversies surrounding the evaluation of medical treatments, with a focus on the evidential roles of randomised trials and mechanisms in Evidence-Based Medicine. Current 'best practice' usually involves excluding non-randomised trial evidence from systematic reviews in cases where randomised trials are available for inclusion in the reviews. The first paper challenges this practice and evaluates whether adding of evidence from non-randomised trials might improve the quality and precision of some systematic reviews. The second paper compares the alleged (...)
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  21. Autotelic Architecture : A collection of architectural stories.Oskar Grundström & Theo Storesund - unknown
    • Autotelic Architecture is a collection of buildings with architectural stories. • The buildings included are described with black line drawings on white paper and a supplementary text. The drawings have been stripped down to only show walls, pillars, stairs, ramps and significant objects. Together the drawing and the text describes what story is told in the building through its architectural elements. • The reason to include a building in the collection is our recognition of a story within it. • (...)
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  22. Technological knowledge and technology education.Per Norström - unknown
    Technological knowledge is of many different kinds, from experience-based know-how in the crafts to science-based knowledge in modern engineering. It is inherently oriented towards being useful in technological activities, such as manufacturing and engineering design. The purpose of this thesis is to highlight special characteristics of technological knowledge and how these affect how technology should be taught in school. It consists of an introduction, a summary in Swedish, and five papers: Paper I is about rules of thumb, which are simple (...)
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  23. Technology education and non-scientific technological knowledge.Per Norström - unknown
    This thesis consists of two essays and an introduction. The main theme is technological knowledge that is not based on the natural sciences.The first essay is about rules of thumb, which are simple instructions, used to guide actions toward a specific result, without need of advanced knowledge. Knowing adequate rules of thumb is a common form of technological knowledge. It differs both from science-based and intuitive technological knowledge, although it may have its origin in experience, scientific knowledge, trial and error, (...)
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  24. Rational Goal-Setting in Environmental Policy : Foundations and Applications.Karin Edvardsson Björnberg - unknown
    The overall aim of this thesis is to present a model for rational goal-setting and to illustrate how it can be applied in evaluations of public policies, in particular policies concerning sustainable development and environmental quality. The contents of the thesis are divided into two sections: a theoretical section and an empirical section. Paper I identifies a set of rationality criteria for single goals and discusses them in relation to the typical function of goals. It is argued that goals are (...)
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  25. How to Set Rational Environmental Goals : theory and applications.Karin Edvardsson - unknown
    Environmental goals are commonly set to guide work towards ecological sustainability. The aim of this thesis is to develop a precise terminology for the description of goals in terms of properties that are important in their practical use as decision-guides and to illustrate how it can be used in evaluations of environmental policy. Essay I identifies a set of rationality criteria for individual goals and discusses them in relation to the typical function of goals. For a goal to perform its (...)
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  26. Ethics at work : Two essays on the firm's moral responsibilities towards its employees.Dan Munter - unknown
    Essay I analyses a sample of corporate codes in the Swedish banking sector. The purpose is to investigate the codes’ ethical status. Are they consistent with the values of fairness or are they instead at a risk of harming the employees? With regard to employees, eight of the nine codes in the material were found to focus one-sidedly on their duties and responsibilities, lack statements regarding their value to the firm, while carefully stating the importance of several other stakeholders, have (...)
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  27. Workplace Ethics : Some practical and foundational problems.Anders J. Persson - unknown
    The aim of the present thesis is twofold: first, to analyse some practical ethical problems that stem from the workplace and the working environment and to offer guidelines concerning how such problems can be solved; second, to illuminate how the specific nature of work and the working environment is intimately connected to the relation between the employee and the employing entity, as set forth in an employment contract, and how the form and content of such contracts are, among other things, (...)
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